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Hakodate(Hàm quán thị,Hakodate-shi)(formerly written as Hakodadi) is acityandportlocated inOshima Subprefecture,Hokkaido,Japan.It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture. As of January 31, 2024, the city had an estimatedpopulationof 239,813 with 138,807households,and apopulation densityof 354 persons per km² (920 persons per mi²). The total area is 677.86 square kilometres (261.72 sq mi). The city is the third biggest in Hokkaido afterSapporoandAsahikawa.
Hakodate
Hàm quán thị | |
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 Clockwise from the top:Goryokaku,Hakodate Orthodox Church, Night View fromMount Hakodate,Goryokaku Tower, Hachiman-Zaka and Hakodate Port | |
 Flag  Seal | |
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  Hakodate | |
| Coordinates:41°46′07″N140°43′44″E/ 41.76861°N 140.72889°E | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Hokkaido |
| Prefecture | Hokkaido(Oshima Subprefecture) |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Jun Ōizumi(since April 2023) |
| Area | |
• Total | 677.86 km2(261.72 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 15 m (49 ft) |
| Population (January 31, 2024) | |
• Total | 239,813 |
| • Density | 350/km2(920/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9(Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 0138-21-3111 |
| Address | 4-13 Shinonome-chō, Hakodate-shi, Hokkaidō 040-8666 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | www |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Varied tit |
| Fish | Squid |
| Flower | Azalea |
| Tree | Japanese yew |
History
editHakodate was Japan's first city whose port was opened to foreign trade in 1854, as a result ofConvention of Kanagawa,and used to be the most important port in northern Japan. Also, the city had been the biggest city in Hokkaido before theGreat Fire of Hakodatein 1934.
Pre-Meiji restoration
editHakodate (like other parts of around Hokkaido) was originally populated by theAinu.The name "Hakodate" may have originated from an Ainu word, "hak-casi" ( "shallow fort" ). Another possibility is that it means "box" or "building" in Japanese which refers to the castle built by the Kono (Kano) clan in the fifteenth century.[2]
Hakodate was founded in 1454, when Kono Kaganokami Masamichi constructed a large manor house in the fishing village of Usukeshi, the word for bay in Ainu.
After his death, Masamichi's son, Kono Suemichi, and family were driven out of Hakodate into nearbyKamedaduring the Ainu rebellion in 1512 and little history was recorded for the area during the next 100 years. There was constant low-level conflict in the Oshima peninsula at the time with the Ainu, as armed merchants, like the Kono family, established bases to control trade in the region. This conflict culminated in an uprising from 1669 to 1672, led by Ainu warriorShakushainafter which the Ainu in the region were suppressed.[3]
Hakodate flourished during theHoei period(1704–11), and many new temples were founded in the area. The town's fortunes received a further boost in 1741 when theMatsumae clan,which had been granted nearby areas on theOshima Peninsulaas amarch fief,moved its Kameda magistracy to Masamichi's house in Hakodate.
In 1779, theTokugawa shogunatetook direct control over Hakodate, which triggered rapid development in the area. MerchantTakadaya Kahei,who is honoured as the founder of Hakodate port, set up trading operations, which included opening the northernEtorofusea route to theKurilisland fisheries. He is credited with turning Hakodate from a trading outpost into a thriving city. A Hakodate magistracy was established in 1802.[4]By 1807, the power of the Tokugawa government extended to the entire region. However, in 1821, the central government relaxed their control of the area and restored the Matsumae clan to the full powers they had before.[2]
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Lithograph entitled "View of Hakodate from Snow Peak" looking towards the sea—artist,Wilhelm Heine(1856) -
Port of Hakodate mapc. 1863
Meiji restoration
editThe port of Hakodate was surveyed by a fleet of five U.S. ships in 1854 under the conditions of the Convention of Kanagawa, as negotiated by CommodoreMatthew C. Perry.
Hakodate port partially opened to foreign ships for provisioning in the following year and then completely to foreign trade on 2 June 1859 as one of five Japanese open ports designated in the1858 Treaty of Amity and Commercesigned with the U.S. TheHakodate foreign settlementis one of the legacies of foreign influence in Hakodate.
A mariner in Perry's fleet died during a visit to the area and became the first U.S. citizen to be buried in Japan when he was interred in Hakodate'scemetery for foreigners.
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Naval Battle of Hakodate(1869) -
Omachi, one of the neighborhoods in theHakodate foreign settlement(1880) -
Port of Hakodate in 1897, byOgawa Kazumasa -
Goryōkakufortress (1866) -
Kanemori Red Brick Warehouse (1869)
British merchant, naturalist and spy,Thomas Blakiston,took up residence in Hakodate in the summer of 1861 to establish a saw milling business. He stayed in Hakodate until 1884, during which time he documented the local natural environment, equipped the local meteorological station and ran guns to theBoshin Warrebels.[5]
As one of few points of Japanese contact with the outside world, Hakodate was soon host to several overseas consulates. The Russian consulate included a chapel from whereNicholas of Japanis credited with introducingEastern Orthodox Christianityto Japan in 1861 (now theJapanese Orthodox Church). The Orthodox church is neighbored by several other historical missionary churches, includingAnglicanandCatholic.
Hakodate also played a central role in theBoshin Warbetween theTokugawa shogunateand theMeiji Emperorwhich followed Perry's opening of Japan. Shogunate rebelEnomoto Takeakifled to Hakodate with the remnants of his navy and his handful of French advisers in winter 1868, includingJules Brunet.They formally established theRepublic of Ezoon December 25. The republic tried unsuccessfully to gather international recognition to foreign legations in Hakodate, including the Americans, French, and Russians. TheNaval Battle of Hakodatewas fought from 4 to 10 May 1869, between the remnants of theTokugawa shogunatenavy and the newly formedImperial Japanese Navy.It was a decisive victory for the Imperial Japanese Navy.
On 14 June 1868, Hakodate was designated as an urban prefecture ( phủ fu), one of the first two, the other beingKyoto.On February 8, 1882, it was enlarged into Hakodate-ken, and then became part ofHokkaidoon January 26, 1886.
The rebels occupied Hakodate's famous European-styleGoryōkakufortand used it as the centre of their defences in southern Hokkaido. Government forces defeated the secessionists in theBattle of Hakodatein 1869 and the city and fort were surrendered to emperor. Military leader,Hijikata Toshizō,was one of those slain in the fighting.
In 1878,Isabella Birdreported of the city in her travelogue:
The streets are very wide and clean, but the houses are mean and low. The city looks as if it had just recovered from a conflagration. The houses are nothing but tinder… Stones, however, are its prominent feature. Looking down upon it from above you see miles of grey boulders, and realise that every roof in the windy capital is "hodden doun" by a weight of paving stones.
20th century to present day
editHakodate was awardedcitystatus on August 1, 1922. On March 21, 1934, a serious fire had destroyed around two-thirds of all the buildings in Hakodate. This event also led to many residents leaving and subsequently depopulating the city.[2]The city escaped most of the ravages of World War II. Areas around Hakodate-yama were fortified and access restricted to the public. Many prisoners of war were interned in Hakodate and historians record a total of 10 camps.[6]The city was subjected to two Allied bombing raids on 14 and 15 July 1945. Around 400 homes were destroyed on the western side of Hakodate-yama and an Aomori-Hakodate ferry was attacked with 400 passengers killed.
In 1976, a defectingSovietpilot namedViktor Belenkoflew his plane into the civilian airport in Hakodate.
Hakodate's size nearly doubled on December 1, 2004, when the town of Minamikayabe (fromKayabe District), and the towns of Esan and Toi, and the village of Todohokke (all fromKameda District), were merged into it.
TheHokkaido Shinkansenline opened on 26 March 2016.[7]The underseaSeikan Tunnelwith theShinkansenrail line greatly reduced the travel time fromHonshuto Hakodate.
In April 2023, Jun Ōizumi became the mayor of Hakodate. Ōizumi, the older brother of actorYo Oizumi,defeated 3-term incumbent Toshiki Kudō, receiving more than 80% of the vote.[8]
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Hakodate Port circa 1930 -
US NavyGrumman TBF Avengeraircraft dropping bombs on Hakodate during July 1945
Geography
edit
Mount Hakodatewas originally an island that was formed by volcanic eruptions millions of years ago.[9]During the course of history a sand bar formed between Mount Hakodate and the peninsula.[9]This landform, which is an example of atombolo,finished forming in circa 1000 BCE.[9]The tombolo connects the former Hakodate island with the main islandHokkaidoto the north.[9]The main central area of Hakodate city is located on the sandbar.[9]
Hakodate is located at the center of Kameda Peninsula. The city is overlooked byMount Hakodate.The summit can be reached by hiking trail,cable car,or by car. Visitors can also reach the peak of Mount Hakodate by taking tour bus and/or direct bus.[10]that departs from JR Hakodate Station. An obscure local nickname of the bumpy mountain isGagyūzan(Mount Cow's Back), alluding to the way the mountain resembles a resting cow.
The formerGoryōkakufort is now used in as a public park and is popular in Hokkaido forhanami(cherry blossom viewing). Since April 2006, the park has also featured the tall, white Goryōkaku Tower. Resembling an air traffic control tower, the structure offers a panoramic view of the park, including mainland Japan across theTsugaru Straiton clear days.
Nearby cities and towns
editMountains
edit
- Mount E(618 m (2,028 ft)): Hokkaido's southernmost volcano
- Mount Hakodate(334 m (1,096 ft))
Rivers
edit- Kameda River(Quy điền xuyên,Kameda-gawa)
- Matsukura River(Tùng thương xuyên,Matsukura-gawa)
- Shiodomari River(Tịch đậu xuyên,Shiodomari-gawa)
Cityscape
editHakodate has a cityscape that covers the center of the Kameda peninsula. A narrow land area separates Hakodate Bay to the west fromTsugaru Straitin the south-east side. It is best viewed from the top ofMount Hakodate.
Demographics
editThe population of Hakodate increased by 402% from 28,825 to 144,749 between 1873 till 1920. Hakodate's population peaked in 1980 at 320,154, but has been graduallyin declinedue to aging since then.[11]
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found onPhabricatorand onMediaWiki.org. |
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| Source:Statistics Bureau[1],Japanese Imperial Commission[2](1873) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climate
editAccording to theKöppen climate classification,Hakodate's climate is Hot Summerhumid continental(Dfa) of hot summers and winters with regular intenseblizzards.With an alternate definition, using the −3 °C (27 °F) isotherm, Hakodate falls in theHumid Subtropical Climate(Cfa) commonly found on the east coast of the continents. The warmest month has an average temperature of 22.1 °C (71.8 °F). And so the city is the limit of hot summer climates for a city on the immediate coast inJapan(Cfa/Dfa), although appearing in other interior regions of the province.[12]Hakodate has snowy winters and warm, humid summers. Winters are cold for the latitude (the same asNorthern California) but milder than much of Hokkaido.
Hakodate features four distinct seasons. The city sees a substantial amount of snowfall during the course of the year, averaging roughly 380 cm (150 in) of snow annually. Spring typically begins with some snowfall, but sees a gradual warming trend as the season progress. Summers are generally warm but not hot, with average high temperatures in the warmest month (August) hovering around 26 °C (79 °F). Fall initially is warm but becomes increasingly colder as the season progress. It is not uncommon to see snowfall in the latter parts of the fall season.
| Climate data for Hakodate (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1872−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.5 (54.5) |
13.6 (56.5) |
16.9 (62.4) |
23.0 (73.4) |
28.0 (82.4) |
29.1 (84.4) |
33.6 (92.5) |
35.4 (95.7) |
32.6 (90.7) |
27.8 (82.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.3 (61.3) |
35.4 (95.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.9 (33.6) |
1.8 (35.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.9 (78.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
3.2 (37.8) |
13.5 (56.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
1.9 (35.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
16.2 (61.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
22.1 (71.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.0 (21.2) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
2.8 (37.0) |
8.0 (46.4) |
12.6 (54.7) |
17.3 (63.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
14.6 (58.3) |
7.8 (46.0) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
5.5 (41.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −21.7 (−7.1) |
−20.4 (−4.7) |
−18.9 (−2.0) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
2.0 (35.6) |
6.3 (43.3) |
9.0 (48.2) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−12.1 (10.2) |
−19.4 (−2.9) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 77.4 (3.05) |
64.5 (2.54) |
64.1 (2.52) |
71.9 (2.83) |
88.9 (3.50) |
79.8 (3.14) |
123.6 (4.87) |
156.5 (6.16) |
150.5 (5.93) |
105.6 (4.16) |
110.8 (4.36) |
94.6 (3.72) |
1,188 (46.77) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 91 (36) |
74 (29) |
41 (16) |
2 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
18 (7.1) |
79 (31) |
306 (120) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.5 mm) | 19.9 | 17.5 | 16.8 | 12.2 | 11.1 | 8.9 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 16.7 | 19.2 | 167.7 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 73 | 71 | 68 | 67 | 73 | 79 | 82 | 81 | 76 | 73 | 71 | 74 | 74 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 103.1 | 117.9 | 158.7 | 186.1 | 198.5 | 172.6 | 134.4 | 148.0 | 160.8 | 163.9 | 109.4 | 91.5 | 1,744.9 |
| Averageultraviolet index | 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| Source 1: Japan Meteorological Agency[13] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV)[14] | |||||||||||||
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found onPhabricatorand onMediaWiki.org. |
See or editraw graph data.
Economy
editPrior to its dissolution,Air Hokkaidowas headquartered in Hakodate.[15]In January 2006, the regional airlineAirtranssewas headquartered in Hakodate.[16]
Culture and landmarks
edit
In Funami-cho there is the Koryu-ji temple. It's the oldest Buddhist temple (affiliated with theSotoschool) in the region which was built in 1633. It was badly damaged during theBoshin Warand moved to its current location in 1879. The existing main building was built in 1900.[17][18]
The city is well known for seafood andsushi.Hakodate shio (salt)ramenis also a famous specialty of the city. Shio ramen has a pale, clear, broth made with plenty of salt and any combination of chicken, pork bone, vegetables, fish, andseaweed.[19]On a similar note, Hakodate's city fish is the squid. Hakodate is famous for the restaurant Ikkatei Tabiji, which serves a dish called "dancing squid": - a recently deceased squid is served with soy sauce, the sodium of the soy sauce causes acadaveric spasmwhen it is poured over the squid.[20]
Every year (August) the city gets together for the Hakodate Port Festival. Many citizens gather in the streets to dance a wiggly dance known as theIka-odori(Squid Dance), the name of which describes the dance appropriately. The glowing lights of squid-catching boats can be seen in the waters surrounding the city.[21][22]The bell of Haristos Orthodox Church is one of the100 Soundscapes of Japan.
The Hakodate Fish Market (otherwise known as the Asaichi or the Morning Market) is approximately 10-minute walk from the JR Hakodate Station. It is open daily and boasts hundreds of fish and sea food stands in addition to restaurants. Popular fares include sea urchin and calamari, the famous Japanese snow crab from the famous Hokkaido waters.
- Hakodate City Museum
- Hakodate City Museum of Literature
- Hakodate City Museum of Northern Peoples
- Hakodate Hachiman Shrine
- Hakodate Museum of Art, Hokkaido
- Hakodate Jōmon Culture Center
- Hakodate Park
- Mount Hakodate Ropeway
- Our Lady of the Angels Trappistine Abbey
- Holy Resurrection Orthodox Church
- Shinori-date
- Shiryōkaku
Transportation
edit
Hakodate Transportation Bureauoperatestram(Light rail) lines.
TheHokkaido Shinkansenopened in March 2016. It currently runs toShin-Hakodate-Hokuto Stationthrough theSeikan TunnelfromShin-Aomori Station.The new terminal is 17 km (11 mi) away from Hakodate Station. There are plans to extend the Hokkaido Shinkansen north toSapporo Stationby 2030.
Media
editIn Hakodate, there are mass media and information and telecommunications providers such as newspaper companies, TV broadcasters, community broadcasters, and cable TV operators.
Newspapers
edit- Hakodate Newspaper
Television
edit- HBC Hakodate Broadcasting Station
- NHK Hakodate Broadcasting Station
- STV Hakodate Broadcasting Station
Radio
edit- FM Iruka
Cable TV
edit- NCV Hakodate Center
Education
editUniversities
editNational
- Hokkaido University,Hakodate Campus
- Hokkaido University of Education,Hakodate Campus
Public
Private
- Hakodate Junior College
- Hakodate Otani College
- Hakodate University
- Russia Kyokutou University Hakodate school
Colleges
editNational
High schools
editPublic
edit- Hakodate City High School
- Hokkaido Hakodate Chubu High School
- Hokkaido Hakodate Commercial High School
- Hokkaido Hakodate Nishi High School
- Hokkaido Hakodate Ryohoku High School
- Hokkaido Hakodate Technical High School
- Hokkaido Minamikayabe High School
- Hokkaido Toi High School
Private
edit- Hakodate La Salle Junior High School & Senior High School
- Hakodate Shirayuri Gakuen Junior High School & Senior High School
- Hakodate Otani High School
- Hakuryo High School affiliated with Hakodate University
- Iai Joshi Women's Academy
- Otsuma High School
- Seisho Gakuin High School
- Yuto High School affiliated with Hakodate University
Sister cities
edit
Halifax, Nova Scotia,Canada (since 1982)[23][24]
Vladivostok,Primorsky Krai,Russia (since 1992)
City of Lake Macquarie,New South Wales,Australia (since 1992)- Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk,Sakhalin Oblast,Russia (since 1997)
Singapore(since 1992)[25]
Tianjin,China (since 2001)
Goyang,Gyeonggi-do,South Korea (since 2011)
Notable people
edit- Glay,rock/pop band
- Great Kojika,Japanese professional wrestler,founder and chairman ofBig Japan Pro Wrestling(Real Name: Shinya Koshika,Nihongo:Nai con tin cũng,Koshika Shinya)
- Juran Hisao,mystery writer
- Kōhan Kawauchi,screenwriter
- Saburō Kitajima,singer
- Hidemi Kon,literary critic
- Naoko Matsui,voice actress
- Gorô Naya,voice actor
- Kogo Noda,screenwriter
- Kazuo Ohno,Butoh dancer
- Menso-re Oyaji,Japanese professional wrestler(Real Name: Yohei Nakajima,Nihongo:Trung đảo dương bình,Nakajima Yōhei)
- Hideko Takamine,actress
- Yuki,musician (Real Name: Yuki Kuramochi,Nihongo:Thương cầm có hi,Kuramochi Yuki)
References
edit- ^"Where is Hakodate, Japan?".worldatlas.Archivedfrom the original on 21 October 2019.Retrieved10 June2019.
- ^abcSchellinger, Paul; Salkin, Robert, eds. (1996).International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania.Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. pp.317–320.ISBN1-884964-04-4.
- ^Capitalism from Within: Economy, Society, and the State in a Japanese FisheryArchived2020-05-11 at theWayback Machine,David L. Howell, University of California Press 1995, retrieved 29 June 2007
- ^City of Hakodate official websiteArchived2007-06-01 at theWayback Machine,loaded 3 April 2007
- ^Japan in Yezo, Thomas Wright Blakiston, Yokohama: Japan Gazette, 1883.Online excerptsArchived2007-07-06 at theWayback Machine,retrieved 12 July 2007.
- ^Hakodate POW Camp Group: Camp Histories 1942 TO 1945Archived2007-06-11 at theWayback Machine,Center for Research Allied Pows under the Japanese,loaded 29 June 2007.
- ^Hokkaido Shinkansen khai trương は năm sau ３ nguyệt ２６ ngày ＪＲが cuối cùng điều chỉnh[Hokkaido Shinkansen to open on 26 March next year - JR Hokkaido makes final adjustments].Doshin(in Japanese). Japan: The Hokkaido Shimbun Press. 12 August 2015. Archived fromthe originalon 2015-08-12.Retrieved12 August2015.
- ^"Brother of Popular TV Personality Set to Become Mayor of Hakodate".Yomiuri Shimbun.Retrieved3 May2023.
- ^abcde"Travel Hakodate, History".Hakodate.travel.February 15, 2017. Archived fromthe originalon October 24, 2020.
- ^"About Mt. Hakodate - Hokkaido Travel Guide | Planetyze".Planetyze.Archivedfrom the original on 2018-03-01.Retrieved2018-03-01.
- ^"Statistics Bureau (Japan)".Archivedfrom the original on 2017-10-13.Retrieved2019-09-25.
- ^"Koppen Climate Classification"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2019-04-12.Retrieved2018-10-08.
- ^Khí tượng sảnh / năm thường trị ( năm ・ nguyệt ごと の trị.Japan Meteorological Agency.RetrievedMay 19,2021.
- ^"Hakodate, Japan – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast".Weather Atlas.Retrieved5 August2022.
- ^"Hội xã án nội."Air Hokkaido.June 11, 2004. Retrieved on May 20, 2009.
- ^"Hội xã điểm chính."Airtransse.January 6, 2006. Retrieved on May 20, 2009.
- ^"Koryu-ji Temple".hakodate.travel.Archivedfrom the original on 31 October 2019.Retrieved30 October2019.
- ^Youhei, Misaka (8 April 2018)."Koryu-ji Shows the Boshin War in Silence".Made in Japan Only.Archivedfrom the original on 24 September 2020.Retrieved30 October2019.
- ^Young, Davey (7 October 2017)."Hokkaido's Hakodate is heaven for gourmands of all stripes".The Japan Times.Archivedfrom the original on 14 November 2019.Retrieved21 November2019.
- ^"WATCH: How Is This Dead Squid Dancing?".HuffPost.2013-02-12.Retrieved2022-04-06.
- ^"The Squid Dance of Hakodate".Taiken Japan.20 March 2015.Archivedfrom the original on 29 September 2020.Retrieved21 November2019.
- ^"4 charming summer festivals in Hakodate and southern Hokkaido".Hokkaido-Labo.6 July 2017.Archivedfrom the original on 31 October 2019.Retrieved21 November2019.
- ^"Sister Cities and Friendship City of Hakodate".Archivedfrom the original on 2015-11-17.Retrieved2015-11-15.
- ^"Twin City Hakodate Japan".Halifax Municipal Archives.Retrieved22 October2021.
- ^"Celebrating 50 Years of the Merlion: Stories Behind the National Icon".roots.gov.sg.Retrieved2024-11-25.
External links
edit
- Official Website
- "Bắc の miêu はＢＡＲに ( も ) いる Hokkaido ・ hàm quán 【 thịt cầu マニアに phủng ぐ miêu の ngày SPL.】".Sankei(in Japanese). 2021-02-22.