Hans Chiari(/kiˈɑːri/kee-AR-ee,[1][2]Austrian German:[hansˈki̯aːri];4 September 1851 − 6 May 1916) was apathologistfromVienna,Austria-Hungary.He was the son of gynecologistJohann Baptist Chiari(1817–1854) and the brother of rhinolaryngologistOttokar Chiari(1853–1918).
Hans Chiari | |
|---|---|
 Hans Chiari | |
| Born | 4 September 1851 |
| Died | 6 May 1916(aged 64) |
| Nationality | Austrian |
| Known for | Arnold–Chiari malformation Budd–Chiari syndrome Chiari network |
| Father | Johann Baptist Chiari |
| Relatives | Ottokar Chiari(brother) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Pathology |
Biography
editChiari studied medicine in Vienna, where he was an assistant toKarl Freiherr von Rokitansky(1804–1878) andRichard Ladislaus Heschl(1824–1881). In 1878 he received his habilitation inpathological anatomy,and within a few years became an associate professor at theUniversity of Prague.AtPraguehe was also superintendent of thepathological-anatomicalmuseum. In 1906 he relocated to theUniversity of Strasbourgas a professor of pathological anatomy.
Chiari's research dealt largely with postmortem examinations, and most of his numerous writings are the result ofautopsies.In the 1890s he described a condition involving deformities of thecerebellum,andbrainstemin children with herniation of thespinal cord.[3]The phenomenon was later to become known as the "Arnold–Chiari malformation",named after Chiari and German pathologist,Julius Arnold(1835–1915). The malformation was given its name in 1907 by two of Dr. Arnold's students.[4]
Another medical term named after Chiari is theBudd–Chiari syndrome,which isascitesandcirrhosisof thelivercaused by an obstruction of thehepatic veinsdue to a blood clot. It is named in conjunction with British physicianGeorge Budd(1808–1882).[5]Lastly, Chiari is also famous for describing the "Chiari network", an embryonic remnant found in theright atrium,first published in 1897.[6]
Publications
edit- "Über Veränderungen des Kleinhirns infolge von Hydrocephalie des Grosshirns",Deutsche medicinische Wochenschrift,Berlin, 1891, 17: 1172–1175 – On cerebellar changes caused byhydrocephalusof thecerebrum.
- "Über Veränderungen des Kleinhirns, der Pons und der Medulla oblongata, infolge von congenitaler Hydrocephalie des Grosshirns",Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien,1895, 63: 71. – On changes to the cerebellum,ponsand themedulla oblongata,caused by hydrocephalus of the cerebrum.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- Loukas, Marios; Noordeh Nima; Shoja Mohammadali M; Pugh Jeffrey; Oakes W Jerry; Tubbs R Shane (March 2008). "Hans Chiari (1851–1916)".Child's Nervous System.24(3): 407–9.doi:10.1007/s00381-007-0535-y.PMID18066558.S2CID28160855.
- Arnett, Bridgette (June 2003). "Arnold–Chiari malformation".Arch. Neurol.60(6): 898–900.doi:10.1001/archneur.60.6.898.PMID12810499.
- Pearce, J.M.S. (January 2000)."Arnold Chiari, or" Cruveilhier Cleland Chiari "malformation".J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry.68(1): 13.doi:10.1136/jnnp.68.1.13.PMC1760604.PMID10601393.
- Koehler, P J (November 1991). "Chiari's description of cerebellar ectopy (1891). With a summary of Cleland's and Arnold's contributions and some early observations on neural-tube defects".J. Neurosurg.75(5): 823–6.doi:10.3171/jns.1991.75.5.0823.PMID1919713.
- Lagerkvist, B; Olsen L (August 1991). "[The men behind the syndrome. John Cleland, Hans Chiari and Julius Arnold—3 men behind a new phenomenon. Brain stem defects in children with myelocele]".Läkartidningen.88(32–33): 2610–1.PMID1881219.
- Chiari, H (1987). "Concerning alterations in the cerebellum resulting from cerebral hydrocephalus. 1891".Pediatric Neuroscience.13(1): 3–8.doi:10.1159/000120293.PMID3317333.
- Wilkins, R H; Brady I A (October 1971). "The Arnold–Chiari malformations".Arch. Neurol.25(4): 376–9.doi:10.1001/archneur.1971.00490040102013.PMID4938787.
- ^"Chiari malformation".Cambridge Dictionary.Cambridge University Press.
- ^"Chiari malformation".Merriam-Webster Dictionary.Merriam-Webster.
- ^abArnold–Chiari malformation@Who Named It
- ^Julius Arnold@Who Named It
- ^Budd-Chiari syndrome@Who Named It
- ^Bendadi, F; van Tijn, DA; Pistorius, L; Freund, MW (2012)."Chiari's network as a cause of fetal and neonatal pathology".Pediatr Cardiol.33(1): 188–91.doi:10.1007/s00246-011-0114-6.PMC3248639.PMID21909773.
External links
edit- Weill Cornell Chiari CAREhttp://weillcornellbrainandspine.org/chiari
- The Chiari Institutehttps://web.archive.org/web/20080505070336/http://chiariinstitute /
- The Chiari Center of Wisconsinhttp:// wichiaricenter.org/Archived2012-02-25 at theWayback Machine
- Hans Chiari@Who Named It