TheHayabusa(はやぶさ,"Peregrine falcon")is a high-speedShinkansenservice operated byEast Japan Railway Company(JR East) andHokkaido Railway Company(JR Hokkaido) between Tokyo andShin-Hakodate-Hokutoin Japan since 26 March 2016.[1]The name was formerly used for alimited expresssleeping carservice operated byJR Kyushu,which ran from Tokyo toKumamoto,and was discontinued in March 2009.
 E5 series shinkansen set U44 on aHayabusaservice, March 2023 | |
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Service type | Shinkansen(Express) |
| Status | Operational |
| Locale | Honshu/Hokkaido,Japan |
| Predecessor | Hayate |
| First service | 1 October 1958 (Limited express) 5 March 2011 (Shinkansen) |
| Current operator(s) |  JR East JR Hokkaido |
| Former operator(s) | JNRJR WestJR CentralJR Kyushu |
| Route | |
| Termini | Tokyo Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto Sapporo(From 2031) |
| Stops | Limited stop |
| Line(s) used | Tōhoku Shinkansen,Hokkaido Shinkansen |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | Standard + Green + Gran Class |
| Seating arrangements | 2+3 ( Standard car)
2+2 ( Green car) 1+2 ( Gran Class) |
| Catering facilities | Trolley service |
| Technical | |
| Rolling stock | E5 series,H5 series |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm(4 ft8+1⁄2in)standard gauge |
| Electrification | 25 kV 50 Hz AC(overhead line) |
| Operating speed | 320 km/h (200 mph) (Tōhoku Shinkansen), 260 km/h (160 mph) (Hokkaido Shinkansen), 400 km/h (250 mph) (During Testing) |
| Track owner(s) | JR East, JRTT |
Service pattern
editHayabusatrains stop atTōkyō,Ueno*,Ōmiya,Sendai,Furukawa*,Kurikoma-Kōgen*,Ichinoseki*,Mizusawa-Esashi*,Kitakami*,Shin-Hanamaki*,Morioka,Iwate-Numakunai*,Ninohe*,Hachinohe*,Shichinohe-Towada*,Shin-Aomori,Okutsugaru-Imabetsu*,Kikonai*, andShin-Hakodate-Hokuto station.[2]Additionally, someHayabusaservices begin or end atShin-Aomori Station.
(*) Not served by all trains
MostHayabusatrains are coupled to anAkita ShinkansenKomachitrain between Tokyo and Morioka.
The fastest service from Tokyo to Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto station takes approximately 3 hours 57 minutes.[2]
Train formation
editHayabusaservices are normally operated by 10-carE5 seriesorH5 seriestrainsets, with car 1 at the Tokyo end. All seats are reserved and non-smoking.[2]
| Car No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Green Car | GranClass |
| Facilities | Wheelchair space | Wheelchair space |
Hayabusatrains feature premium GranClass accommodation with 2+1 leather seating and complimentary food and drinks, including alcohol.[3]
In 2021, payphones were removed from cars 3 and 5.
History
editSleeping car service (1958–2009)
edit
TheHayabusaservice commenced on 1 October 1958, operating between Tokyo andKagoshima.[4]From 20 July 1960, the train was upgraded with 20 series sleeping cars, and extended to run to and from Nishi-Kagoshima (nowKagoshima-Chūō).[4]From 9 March 1975, the train was upgraded with 24 series sleeping cars.[4]
TheHayabusa,along with its counterpart service, theFuji,was discontinued from the start of the revised timetable on 14 March 2009 due to declining ridership.[5]
Shinkansen service (2011–)
editFrom 5 March 2011, theHayabusaname was revived for the new 300 km/h shinkansen services operated by JR East between Tokyo andShin-Aomoriusing newE5 seriestrainsets,[1]and extended toShin-Hakodate-Hokuto Stationon 26 March 2016.
Rolling stock
editSleeping car service
editIn its final days, the limited express train was formed of 14 series sleeping cars based at JR Kyushu's Kumamoto Depot, typically consisting of six cars in theHayabusaportion and six cars in theFujiportion. The train was hauled by a JR WestEF66electric locomotive between Tokyo andShimonoseki,a JR KyushuEF81-400electric locomotive between Shimonoseki and Moji (through the underseaKanmon Tunnel), and by a JR KyushuED76electric locomotive from Moji to Kumamoto.[6]
-
ED76 on aHayabusaservice, March 2010 -
14 series coach at rear ofHayabusaservice, March 2010
Locomotive types used
edit- EF60-500(Tokyo – Shimonoseki, from 29 December 1963)[4]
- EF65-500(Tokyo – Shimonoseki, from 1 October 1965)[4]
- EF65-1000(Tokyo – Shimonoseki, from July 1978)[4]
- EF66(Tokyo – Shimonoseki, from 14 March 1985)[4]
Shinkansen service
edit
The new shinkansenHayabusaservices use 10-carE5 seriessets, which initially operated at a maximum speed of 300 km/h (185 mp/h) between Utsunomiya and Morioka.[1]The maximum speed was raised to 320 km/h (200 mp/h) from the start of the revised timetable on 16 March 2013.[7]From the same date, some services run coupled toE6 seriesSuper Komachiservices between Tokyo and Morioka. These services were limited to a maximum speed of 300 km/h.[7]Although the train could run up to speeds of 400kmph during test runs, from 2012 its top speed was fixed to 320kmph for passenger and environmental comfort.[8]Since 15 March 2014, the name ofSuper Komachiservices was returned simply toKomachi,and the maximum speed has been raised to 320 km/h; from the same date, someHayabusaservices are operated by 10-car E5 series sets coupled to 7-car E6 series sets. At Morioka, the E5 series and E6 series sets decouple, with the E5 series set continuing along the Tohoku Shinkansen as theHayabusaand the E6 series set turning onto the Akita Shinkansen as theKomachi.
From 26 March 2016, with the opening of theHokkaido Shinkansenfrom Shin-Aomori to Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto, theHayabusaname was used for services operating between Tokyo, Sendai, and Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto.[9]From the start of the 26 March 2016 timetable revision, ten return services operate daily between Tokyo and Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto, and one return service daily operates between Sendai and Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto.[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^abcĐông Bắc Shinkansen “はやぶさ” ３ nguyệt ５ ngày デビュー(in Japanese). JR East. 11 November 2010.Retrieved11 November2010.
- ^abcJR thời khắc biểu[JR Timetable] (in Japanese). Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. 2016.EAN4910053110464.
- ^"Japan Rail Pass – Use Japan Rail Pass on Hayabusa".Jrpass.Retrieved31 July2015.
- ^abcdefgさらば Cửu Châu ブルートレイン[Farewell Kyushu Blue Trains]. Tokyo: Ikaros Publications Ltd. April 2009. p. 99.ISBN978-4-86320-168-2.
- ^"Tẩm đài đặc cấp" phú sĩ "・" はやぶさ "も の がたり" [The Story of the "Fuji" and "Hayabusa" Sleeping Car Limited Expresses].Railfan Magazine.Vol. 49, no. 575. March 2009. pp.22–35.
- ^JR Shinkansen ＆ đặc cấp đoàn tàu ファイル[JR Shinkansen & Limited Express Train File]. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbun. 2008.ISBN978-4-330-00608-6.
- ^ab"320-km/h Hayabusa matches world speed record".The Japan Times.17 March 2013.Retrieved11 September2013.
- ^"E5 Series Shinkansen Bullet Train".
- ^Hokkaido Shinkansen の đoàn tàu danh quyết định について[Details of Hokkaido Shinkansen train names](PDF).News release(in Japanese). Japan: Hokkaido Railway Company. 20 November 2014.Retrieved20 November2014.
- ^Hokkaido Shinkansen tân thanh sâm ～ tân hàm quán Bắc Đẩu gian khai trương に bạn う vận hành kế hoạch の điểm chính について[Details of operations following opening of Hokkaido Shinkansen between Sendai and Shin-Hakodate-Hokuto](PDF).News release(in Japanese). Japan: East Japan Railway Company. 16 September 2015.Retrieved16 September2015.
External links
edit
- Official JR East site for E5 seriesHayabusa(in Japanese)