Wikipedia

Hollywood Bowl

For the bowling operator, seeHollywood Bowl Group.For the college football bowl game, seeLA Bowl.

TheHollywood Bowlis anamphitheatreandpublic parkin theHollywood HillsofLos Angeles,California,United States.[1]It was named one of the 10 best live music venues in the United States byRolling Stonemagazine in 2018.[2]It was listed on theNational Register of Historic Placesin 2023.[3]

Hollywood Bowl
The Hollywood Bowl in 2024 with the Hollywood Sign in the background
The Hollywood Bowl in 2024 with theHollywood Signin background
Hollywood Bowl is located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
Hollywood Bowl
Hollywood Bowl
Location within the Los Angeles metropolitan area
Hollywood Bowl is located in California
Hollywood Bowl
Hollywood Bowl
Hollywood Bowl (California)
Hollywood Bowl is located in the United States
Hollywood Bowl
Hollywood Bowl
Hollywood Bowl (the United States)
Location2301 NorthHighland Avenue
Los Angeles,California
Coordinates34°06′46″N118°20′20″W/ 34.11278°N 118.33889°W/34.11278; -118.33889
Public transitLos Angeles Metro Rail
B LineB Line
atHollywood/Highland
Los Angeles Metro Bus
Line 224 (both directions)
Line 222 (southbound only)
OwnerCounty of Los Angeles
OperatorCounty of Los Angeles
Los Angeles Philharmonic Association
TypeOutdoorAmphitheater
Seating typereserved seating
Capacity17,500
Construction
OpenedJuly 11, 1922
Renovated2003–2004
Website
Official website

The Hollywood Bowl is known for its distinctivebandshell,originally a set of concentricarchesthat graced the site from 1929 through 2003, before being replaced with a larger one to begin the 2004 season. The shell is set against the backdrop of theHollywood Hillsand theHollywood Signto the northeast.

The "bowl" refers to the shape of the concave meadow ordell,originally calledDaisy Dell,into which the amphitheatre is carved. The Bowl is owned by theCounty of Los Angelesand is the home of theHollywood Bowl Orchestra,the summer home of theLos Angeles Philharmonic,and the host venue for hundreds of musical events each year.[4][citation needed]

Located onNorth Highland Avenue,it is north ofHollywood Boulevardand approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) from theHollywood/HighlandMetro Railstation. It is adjacent toU.S. Route 101.

History

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Siting and opening

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The site of the Hollywood Bowl was chosen in 1919 by William Reed and his son H. Ellis Reed,[5]who were dispatched to find a suitable location for outdoor performances by the members of the newly formed Theatre Arts Alliance, headed byChristine Wetherill Stevenson.The Reeds selected a natural theater, a shaded canyon and popular picnic spot known as Daisy Dell in Bolton Canyon, which was chosen for its natural acoustics and its proximity to downtown Hollywood.[6]The Community Park and Art Association, then headed by F. W. Blanchard, was the first organization to begin building the Bowl.

One of the earliest performances at the Bowl wasHollywood High School's Performance of Shakespeare'sTwelfth Night.The Women's World Peace Concert was held on November 11, 1921. On November 11, 1921, the firstSunrise Servicetook place at the bowl, in one of its first major events.[7]With the building of the first actual stage, consisting of little more than wooden platforms and canvas, The Bowl officially opened on July 11, 1922.[8][9]

Community function

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The Bowl began as a community space rather than a privately owned establishment. Proceeds from the early events at the Bowl went to financing the construction of new elements of the bowl such as a stage and seating in 1922 and 1923 respectively. In 1924, a backdrop to the stage was added.[10]

During the early years of the Bowl's existence, concert tickets were kept at the lowest available price of 25 cents using the sloganpopular prices will prevail,coined by F.W. Blanchard. While serving as the venue for concerts by the Los Angeles Philharmonic, the Bowl also served as a community space, used for Easter services, the Hollywood Community Chorus, as well asYoung Artists Nightswhere younger musicians could perform well-known classical music. Children were also invited to perform at community events with the Los Angeles Philharmonic and the Hollywood Community Chorus, beginning with Sibelius’Finlandiain 1921.[11]

The Bowl hosted a variety of Native American tribal events,[12]as well as international music ensembles.[11][citation needed]

In 1924, the land was deeded to the County of Los Angeles.[8][citation needed][13]

Women in the Bowl

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Many of the key influential figures in the founding of the Hollywood Bowl were women, most notably the pianist Artie Mason Carter, whose connections with the Los Angeles arts patrons were vital in the early days of the Bowl's existence.Christine Wetherill Stevensonand Marie Rankin Clarke both donated $21,000 to purchase the land on which the bowl was built. E.J. Wakeman, Leiland Atherton Irish, Harriet Clay Penman, and composersGertrude Rossand Carrie Jacobs Bond all contributed to the Bowl through fundraising drives.[11]

Band shells

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The Hollywood Bowl's 1970s appearance, with the large cardboard tubes
The Hollywood Bowl's 1980s–2003 appearance, with the acoustic fiberglass spheres

Frank Lloyd Wright, Jr. (commonly known asLloyd Wright) designed the second and third band shells.[14]The original 1926 shell, designed by the Allied Architects group, was considered unacceptable both visually and acoustically. Wright's 1927 shell had a pyramidal shape and a design reminiscent of southwest American Indian architecture. Its acoustics generally were regarded as the best of any shell in Bowl history. But its appearance was considered too avant-garde, or even ugly, and it was demolished at the end of the season. His 1928 wooden shell had the now-familiar concentric ring motif, covered a 120-degree arc, and was designed to be easily dismantled. Unfortunately it was neglected and ruined by water damage.

For the 1929 season, the Allied Architects built the shell that stood until 2003, using atransiteskin over a metal frame. Its acoustics, though not nearly as good as those of the Lloyd Wright shells, were deemed satisfactory at first, and its clean lines and white, semicircular arches were copied for music shells elsewhere. As the acoustics deteriorated, various measures were used to mitigate the problems, starting in the 1970s with an inner shell made from large cardboard tubes, which were replaced in the early 1980s by large fiberglass spheres (both designed byFrank Gehry[15]) that remained until 2003.

These dampened the unfavorableacoustics,but required massive use of electronic amplification to reach the full audience, particularly since the background noise level had risen sharply since the 1920s. The appearance underwent other visual changes as well, including the addition of a broad outer arch (forming aproscenium) where it had once had only a narrow rim, and areflecting poolin front of the stage that lasted from 1953 till 1972.[16]SculptorGeorge Stanley,designer of theOscarstatuette, designed the Muse Fountain which has stood outside the Hollywood Bowl's main entrance since 1940.[16][17]

The Hollywood Bowl re-opening night, 2005

Shortly after the end of the 2003 summer season, the 1929 shell was replaced with a new, somewhat larger, acoustically improved shell, which had its debut in the 2004 summer season. Preservationists fiercely opposed the demolition for many years, citing the shell's storied history. However, even when it was built, the 1929 shell was (at least acoustically) only the third-best shell in the Bowl's history, behind its two immediate predecessors. By the late 1970s, the Hollywood Bowl became an acoustic liability because of continued hardening of its transite skin. The new shell incorporates design elements of not only the 1929 shell, but of both the Lloyd Wright shells. During the 2004 summer season, the sound steadily improved, as engineers learned to work with its live acoustics.[18]

The current sound reinforcement system is a line-array configuration of multiple loudspeaker enclosures hung vertically in a curved manner, with the lower enclosures facing the front sections, and the upper enclosures angled towards the rear sections. It is manufactured by L'Acoustics, and includes state-of-the-art audio processing, allowing each individual loudspeaker enclosure to be "tuned" and directed towards the near-precise location of the listener, regardless of where in the venue they are sitting. This results in the audience in the rear sections hearing the same audio, at the same level, as in the front sections.[19][20]

This electronic processing includes sound level, frequency equalization, occasional special effects, and time delay. Sound passes through wire much faster than through air, therefore the sound coming from the speakers must be delayed, allowing the actual sound from the stage to "catch up" so both sources reach the listeners' ears simultaneously. The system is maintained by Rat Sound Systems, the same company that has provided audio for theCoachella Festival,since its inception.[19][20][original research?]

The 2004 shell incorporates the prominent front arch of the 1926 shell, the broad profile of the 1928 shell, and the unadorned white finish (and most of the general lines) of the 1929 shell. In addition, the ring-shaped structure hung within the shell, supporting lights and acoustic clouds, echoes a somewhat similar structure hung within the 1927 shell. During the 2004 season, because the back wall was not yet finished, a white curtain was hung at the back; beginning with the 2005 season, the curtain was removed to reveal a finished back wall. The architectural design for the shell was developed by the Los Angeles-based architectural practice Hodgetts and Fung, with the structural concept developed by the local office ofArup.

At the same time the new shell was being constructed the bowl received four new video screens and towers. During most concerts, three remotely-operated cameras in the shell, and a fourth, manually-operated camera among the box seats, provide the audience with close-up views of the musicians.

  • The Hollywood Bowl in 2004, during construction of the new shell

Hollywood Bowl Orchestra(s)

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The Hollywood Bowl has had several house orchestras. A "Bowl Orchestra" performed in 1925, and a "Hollywood Bowl Orchestra" made a live recording in 1928. Later, the "Hollywood Bowl Symphony Orchestra" made several classical recordings under music directorLeopold Stokowskifrom 1945 to 1946, and released a number of recordings on the Capitol Records label in the 1950s and 1960s.

The Hollywood Bowl Orchestra was re-launched by the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in 1991 under principal conductorJohn Mauceri,who finished his tenure in 2006.[21]

Early conductors

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The first appointed conductor of the Bowl ensemble wasEmil Oberhoffer,who served for one year.[citation needed]Oberhoffer was proceeded byAlfred Hertzfor two years.[citation needed]In 1925Fritz Reinermigrated to the orchestra from the Cincinnati Symphony. Reiner was supplanted by SirHenry Woodseveral years later.[citation needed].German-born Frederick Stark, who would later become a music librarian atWalt Disney Studios,occasionally served as conductor.[22]

Early ballet and opera

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Ballet dancer Maud Allen performed during the production of thePathétiqueSymphony by Tschaikowsky under the direction of Alfred Hertz in 1926. Ernest Belcher arranged a ballet scene forBowl Dedication Night,and dancers from the Belcher Ballet School performed theBeautiful Galatea,Enchanted Hour,andVenesive Festival.In 1932, the Belcher's ballet was performed in Greek Costumes as a dedication to the Olympic-Games Athletes. Alexis and Theodore Kosloff performed the balletScheherazadewith dancers from Hollywood and the Klosloff Dancing School. In 1932, Theodore Klosloff performed theFlower.Also in 1932, the balletChopinianawas performed.[7]

Ballet Dancers Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn performed solo dances under direction of Hertz in 1927. Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn raised their arms to point at the California Stars during the Russian Balletsur le pointat the Hollywood Bowl. In 1928, Andreas Pavley, a tenor, and Serge Oukrainsky, a ballet dancer, performed at the Hollywood Bowl. Oukrainsky performed in the balletLa Fete a Robinsonalone after Pavley's death. In 1929,Norma Gouldbrought her Los Angeles dancers to the bowl to perform during Schubert'sUnfinished Symphonyand Tschaikowsky'sNut-Cracker Suite.In August 1930, Michio Ito brought five dancers to the Hollywood Bowl to perform in the Russian BalletPrince Igor.In 1931, Adolph Bolm performed at the Bowl for Debussy'sLes Nuages.He also performedThe Spirt factory.This was later called the Mechanical Ballet, composed by Alaxander Mosolov. DancersElise Reimanand Robert Bell also performed in the Mechanical Ballet.[7]

In 1931, Los Angeles Grand Opera performed segments ofMarouf.Early Hollywood Bowl appearances of opera includeCarmen,Aida,andShanewis.In 1929, a concertized form of the operaCarmenwas performed by Alice Genytle, Paul Althouse and Alexander Kisselburgh. The same cast later performed moments from the operaTannhäuser.In 1932,Samson and Delilahwas performed by Paul Althouse, local singers, the Belcher Ballet and the Civic Chorus in concert style. In 1927,Elsa AlsenperformedSantuzzainCavalleria.[23]

In 1934, Nina Koshetz performed Carmen and Nelson Eddy sang Escamillo in the operaCarmen.Koshetz also sang the lead in Tschaikowsky'sEugene Onegin.In the 1930s, Verdi'sAidawas performed by Dan Gridley, Clemence Gifford, Eleanor Woodforde and Richard Bonelli with the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra. In 1935,Lohengrinwas performed, with Jeanette Vreeland performing Elsa and Dan Gridley performing Lonhengrin.[23]

Performances

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The first season at the Hollywood Bowl began on July 11, 1922, with conductor Alfred Hertz and the Los Angeles Philharmonic.[4][citation needed]

2012 aerial photograph showing the seating of the Hollywood Bowl

In 1945, Leopold Stokowski formed the Hollywood Bowl Symphony Orchestra, drawing its players from among members of the Los Angeles Philharmonic and various film studios orchestras. He made a number of 78 rpm recordings with them for RCA Victor during his two seasons there (1945–46) before returning to New York. The Hollywood Bowl Symphony's name was retained for a series of Capitol LPs made in the 1950s under such conductors asFelix SlatkinandCarmen Dragon.[citation needed]

In 1951, a financial crisis closed the Hollywood Bowl during its summer season. Dorothy Chandler chaired a committee that organized a series of fundraising concerts that was able to reopen it.[24]

The film-and-orchestra concertBugs Bunny on Broadway,subsequently called "Bugs Bunny at the Symphony," has played the Hollywood Bowl a record 21 times—19 times with the Los Angeles Philharmonic, and twice with the Hollywood Bowl Orchestra, all conducted byGeorge Daugherty.In September 2003, "Bugs Bunny On Broadway" was the final Los Angeles Philharmonic concert to be performed in the 1929 shell before its demolition started the following day, making way for the new shell.[citation needed]

1920s

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1930s

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  • Claude Lapham's Japanese-inspired operaSakurapremieres with 2,000 performers, and an audience of 10,000. The premiere on June 24, 1933, was a significant moment for Japanese culture in America before World War II. The premiere was followed up by another performance on July 7 that same year.[27][28]
  • August 7, 1936: The Hollywood Bowl set an attendance record of 26,410 at a performance by French opera starLily Pons[citation needed]
Playboy Jazz Festival hosted in the Hollywood Bowl 2007
July 4 Fireworks Spectacular at the Hollywood Bowl 2010

1940s

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  • Bass baritone George London made his opera début in 1941 singing Dr. Grenvil inLa Traviata.[29]
  • American soprano Florence Quartararo made her début as Leonora in a concert performance ofIl trovatorein 1945.[30]

1950s

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1960s

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1970s

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1980s

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1990s

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2000s

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2010s

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2020s

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  • May 13, 2020: Due to theCOVID-19 pandemic,the entire season of film screenings and concerts was cancelled for the first time.[43][44]
  • 2021:Billie Eilishheld a no-audience concert in support of her second album,Happier Than Ever,for aconcert filmtitledHappier Than Ever: A Love Letter to Los Angelesthat released onDisney+on September 3.[45]
  • October 8, 2021:Burna Boymade his debut at the bowl as a part of his 2021 Space Drift arena tour. He became the first African artist to headline a concert at the Bowl[citation needed]
  • May 4, 2022:Dave Chappelleperformed as part of theNetflix Is A JokeFestival and was attacked on stage by an armed audience member. Chappelle was uninjured and the suspect was arrested by the LAPD. The performance tied Chappelle with Monty Python for the most headlined shows for a comedian at the venue.[46]
  • July 16, 2023:Sparksconcluded the North American leg of the tour in support of their albumThe Girl is Crying in Her Latte,their first performance at the venue, with opening actThey Might Be Giants.The performance was a landmark in the history of the band, representing the culmination of a late-career surge in popularity due to the documentaryThe Sparks Brothersby filmmakerEdgar Wright,who was in attendance at the Bowl.[47]
  • November 15 and 17, 2023:Mariah Careyperformed two sold-out shows as part of her 2023 holiday tourMerry Christmas One and All!.[48]

Musicals at the Hollywood Bowl

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For years The Hollywood Bowl produced popular musicals, such as:

Movie Nights at the Hollywood Bowl

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Hollywood Bowl Museum

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The Hollywood Bowl Museum is located at the bottom of Peppertree Lane. It was formerly known as the Tea Room which opened in 1984.[49]In 1996, it was rebuilt as theEdmund D. EdelmanHollywood Bowl Museum.[50]It features many historical exhibits including: Summer Nights: Jazz at the Bowl, Hollywood Bowl: Music For Everyone, Postcards from the Bowl, Beatles at the Bowl, Concert Programs and Live from the Bowl. These exhibits feature vintage photographs, vintage sound equipment, newspaper clippings, postcards, live video recordings, and live audio recordings.[50]

The Hollywood Bowl Museum also features memorabilia and artifacts about the history of the Hollywood Bowl and performances. The museum includes the Hollywood Bowl Hall of Fame, whose honorees includeJohn Williams,Reba McEntire,Garth Brooks,Stevie Wonder,Brian Wilson,Henry Mancini,Sarah Chang,Bernadette Peters,George Harrison,Frank Sinatraand more.[51]The Hollywood Bowl Museum offers free admission, free self-guided tour options, free guided tour options and educational programs. The educational program, Music Mobile, is a volunteer program and offers musical instrument lessons to students twice a year.[49]If the Hollywood Bowl Museum is closed visitors can walk through "The Bowl Walk" which features historical photographs of the Hollywood Bowl.[49]

Hollywood Bowl green initiatives

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The view of the Hollywood Bowl and its band shell during a performance in 2024. The Backyard, one of the Hollywood Bowl's two restaurants, is in the foreground.

The Hollywood Bowl is the first amphitheater in California to be certified as anAudubon SocietyCooperative Sanctuary.[52]Los Angeles Philharmonic Association and Los Angeles County are partners with the Hollywood Bowl and encourage recycling. The Hollywood Bowl has many recycling bins located throughout the venue. The Hollywood Bowl has also partnered withLos Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority(formerly Southern California Rapid Transit District) since 1953 and provides the public withgreen alternativesto driving, including shuttle buses.Know Before You Gois provided as a detailed guide offering public transport information and free bike parking options. The Hollywood Bowl has waterless urinals and flush-reducing toilets to preserve water as well as a satellite-based irrigation system to control water use. This irrigation system also provides water based on the needs of animal life. The Hollywood Bowl has stainless steel grates and water filters to keep its irrigation system clean.[52]

In 2024, the Hollywood Bowl reduced on-site parking and introduced a rideshare parking lot. Parking fees were increased and more shuttles offered.[52]

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The Vinewood Bowl, which appears in the 2013 video gameGrand Theft Auto V,is based on the Hollywood Bowl.[53]

Many films and television shows have been filmed in the Hollywood Bowl, includingJazz Mad,A Star Is Born,Anchors Aweigh,Columbo,Some Kind of Wonderful,and more.[54]

SeveralLooney Tunesepisodes, includingLong Haired Hare,Rabbit of Seville,Baton Bunny,andTom and Jerry in the Hollywood Bowl,feature the Hollywood Bowl.[55]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Hollywood Bowl".Los Angeles County - Parks & Recreation.August 16, 2023.RetrievedSeptember 19,2024.
  2. ^Staff (December 13, 2018)."10 Best Live Music Venues in America. From big rooms to intimate spaces, here's a selection of some of the country's best live music spots".Rolling Stone.RetrievedDecember 23,2018.
  3. ^"WEEKLY LIST OF ACTIONS TAKEN ON PROPERTIES: 12/21/2023 THROUGH 12/29/2023".National Park Service.RetrievedJanuary 12,2024.
  4. ^ab"Hollywood Bowl History".Hollywood Bowl.RetrievedMarch 6,2019.
  5. ^"From Daisy Dell to the Hollywood Bowl, a Little Musical History for Summer".Kcet.org. June 23, 2011.RetrievedJanuary 18,2015.[verification needed]
  6. ^http:// kcet.org/updaily/socal_focus/history/la-as-subject/from-daisy-dell-to-the-hollywood-bowl-34638.html[verification needed]
  7. ^abcJones, Isabel Morse (1936).Hollywood Bowl.New York, NY Los Angeles, CA: G.S Schirmer, Inc. pp. 141–148.
  8. ^ab"Hollywood Bowl History".Hollywood Bowl.RetrievedMarch 5,2019.
  9. ^"PCAD – Hollywood Bowl, Hollywood, Los Angeles, CA".pcad.lib.washington.edu.RetrievedJune 10,2020.
  10. ^"Hollywood Bowl History".Hollywood Bowl.RetrievedMarch 1,2019.
  11. ^abcH., Marcus, Kenneth (2004).Musical metropolis: Los Angeles and the creation of a music culture, 1880–1940.New York: Palgrave Macmillan.ISBN1403964181.OCLC54543818.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^Swed, Mark (June 2, 2022)."Commentary: What the Hollywood Bowl's complicated history reveals about Los Angeles".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedApril 4,2024.
  13. ^"National Register of Historic Places Registration Form | Draft"(PDF).California State Parks, Office of Historic Preservation.August 2023.
  14. ^Miranda, Carolina A. (January 9, 2019)."Lloyd Wright's Sowden House, possible Black Dahlia murder site, becomes a performance stage".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedJanuary 10,2019.It's a feature that makes sense given that Wright also designed one of the original band shells for the Hollywood Bowl.
  15. ^Isenberg, Barbara.Conversations with Frank Gehry.Knopf, 2009, p. 107.
  16. ^ab"History".Hollywood Bowl. Archived fromthe originalon July 22, 2010.RetrievedJanuary 18,2015.
  17. ^"Hollywood Bowl Sculpture – Los Angeles CA".Living New Deal.RetrievedMay 15,2018.
  18. ^"Hollywood Bowl Acoustics Project".Acentech.RetrievedJanuary 18,2015.
  19. ^abDon2yhatawe."Hollywood Bowl Enhances its L-Acoustics System with New Amplified Controllers".L-Acoustics.RetrievedMarch 6,2019.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  20. ^abHurwitz, Matt (October 2014)."The Hollywood Bowl: A Unique Blend of Natural Acoustics and Amplified Sound".Mix (magazine).RetrievedMarch 6,2019.
  21. ^"Meet the Orchestra".Hollywood Bowl.RetrievedMarch 1,2019.
  22. ^Variety Radio Directory
  23. ^abJones, Isabel Morse (1936).Hollywood Bowl.New York, NY Los Angeles, CA: G.S Schirmer, Inc. pp. 158–161.
  24. ^"About the Hollywood Bowl".Hollywood Bowl.
  25. ^Palmer, A. Dean; Lush, Paige Clark (2013)."Blackstone, Tsianina Redfeather".Oxford Music.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.A2248380.ISBN978-1-56159-263-0.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  26. ^Koegel, John (2015)."Díaz [Diaz], Rafaelo".Oxford Music.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.A2284191.ISBN978-1-56159-263-0.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  27. ^Pilot, San Pedro News.Pilot. June 26, 1933. p. 5.RetrievedMarch 15,2022.
  28. ^W. Anthony Sheppard (March 17–21, 2010)."Society for American Music – 36th Annual Conference | Claude Lapham and Japan: Extravagant Japonisme in Hollywood Bowl"(PDF).p. 30.RetrievedMarch 15,2022.
  29. ^Bernheimer, Martin (2001). Blyth, Alan (ed.)."London [Burnstein, Burnson], George".Grove Music.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.16922.ISBN978-1-56159-263-0.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  30. ^Ellison, Cori (2002)."Quartararo, Florence".Grove Music.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O005501.ISBN978-1-56159-263-0.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  31. ^Ainsworth, Ed., "Narration by Barrymore Highlight of Pageant",Los Angeles Times,September 13, 1950.
  32. ^Maxwell, Tom (November 2016)."The Story of 'Ella and Louis,' 60 Years Later".Longreads.RetrievedNovember 21,2016.
  33. ^Dyer, Richard; Forbes, Elizabeth (2001)."Harrell, Mack".Grove Music.doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.42150.ISBN978-1-56159-263-0.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  34. ^"Rock & Roll".Hollywood Bowl.Archived fromthe originalon October 24, 2010.RetrievedOctober 11,2010.
  35. ^"All Songs +1: The Beatles Are Live and Sounding Better Than Ever".NPR.org.
  36. ^"Home Page".Playboy Jazz Festival. Archived fromthe originalon July 15, 2011.RetrievedJanuary 18,2015.
  37. ^"The Who: Los Angeles, CA, Mon, 01 July 2002".Thewholive.net.RetrievedJanuary 18,2015.
  38. ^"DMBAlmanac ²".dmbalmanac.RetrievedMarch 9,2023.
  39. ^Vankin, Deborah (July 1, 2016)."Garrison Keillor reflects at the Hollywood Bowl, rehearsing for final show: 'I just want it to be good'".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedJuly 3,2016.
  40. ^"Watch Tom Petty Play 'American Girl' at His Final Concert".Rolling Stone.October 3, 2017.RetrievedMay 14,2022.
  41. ^"Linkin Park & Friends – Celebrate Life in Honor of Chester Bennington".Linkin Park.September 18, 2017. Archived fromthe originalon September 19, 2017.RetrievedSeptember 18,2017.
  42. ^"Googoosh at the Hollywood Bowl".farhang.org.May 12, 2018.RetrievedMay 13,2018.
  43. ^Gelt, Jessica (May 13, 2020)."Hollywood Bowl season canceled for the first time in 98 years. So long, L.A. summer".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedMay 14,2020.
  44. ^Gelt, Jessica (May 13, 2020)."The Hollywood Bowl domino effect: Layoffs and furloughs follow season cancellation".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedMay 14,2020.
  45. ^"Happier Than Ever: A Love Letter to Los Angeles Movie Review".farhang.org.September 4, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 7,2021.
  46. ^Gregory, John; staff, ABC7 com (May 4, 2022)."Dave Chappelle attacked: Video shows moment suspect tackles comedian at Hollywood Bowl".ABC7 Los Angeles.RetrievedMay 5,2022.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  47. ^Willman, Chris (July 18, 2023)."Sparks Concert Review: Mael Brothers Make It to Hollywood Bowl After 50 Years, Find the Town Is Finally Big Enough".Variety.RetrievedOctober 23,2023.
  48. ^Horowitz, Steven J. (October 2, 2023)."Mariah Carey Announces" Merry Christmas One and All "2023 Tour".Variety.RetrievedOctober 4,2023.
  49. ^abc"Hollywood Bowl Museum".LA Phil.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  50. ^ab"Museum".Hollywood Bowl.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  51. ^"Hollywood Bowl Museum".Hollywood Bowl.RetrievedNovember 24,2014.
  52. ^abc"Hollywood Bowl Green Initiatives".Hollywood Bowl.RetrievedFebruary 28,2019.
  53. ^Mitra, Ritwik; Painter, Ben (May 19, 2024)."GTA 5 Locations That Are Based On Real-Life".Game Rant.
  54. ^"The Hollywood Bowl Plays Itself: A History of Film Music at the Bowl".Los Angeles Philharmonic.RetrievedJune 24,2024.
  55. ^Jennifer, Wolfe (May 6, 2015)."'Bugs Bunny at the Symphony' Celebrates 25th Anniversary ".Animation World Network.

Further reading

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