Wikipedia

IRT Nostrand Avenue Line

For other uses, seeNostrand Avenue (disambiguation).

TheIRT Nostrand Avenue Lineis arapid transitline of theA Divisionof theNew York City Subwayrunning under Nostrand Avenue in theNew York CityboroughofBrooklyn.It is served by the2train at all times and is also served by the5train during the daytime on weekdays.

IRT Nostrand Avenue Line
"2" train"5" train
The 2 and 5 trains serve the entire IRT Nostrand Avenue Line.
Overview
OwnerCity of New York
Termini
Stations7
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemNew York City Subway
Operator(s)New York City Transit Authority
Daily ridership35,175[1]
History
OpenedAugust 23, 1920[2]
Technical
Number of tracks2
CharacterUnderground
Track gauge4 ft8+1⁄2in(1,435 mm)
Electrification600V DC third rail
Route map

Legend
Eastern Parkway Line
 President Street–Medgar Evers College
Sterling Street
Winthrop Street
Church Avenue
Beverly Road
Newkirk Avenue–Little Haiti
Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College
Provision for future expansion
This diagram:

History

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TheDual Contracts,which were signed on March 19, 1913, were contracts for the construction and/or rehabilitation and operation of rapid transit lines in theCity of New York.The contracts were "dual" in that they were signed between the City and two separate private companies (theInterborough Rapid Transit Companyand theBrooklyn Rapid Transit Company), all working together to make the construction of the Dual Contracts possible. The Dual Contracts promised the construction of several lines in Brooklyn. As part of Contract 3, the IRT agreed to build a subway line along Nostrand Avenue in Brooklyn.[3][4][5]

The line was supposed to extend to Coney Island.[6]The construction of the subway along Nostrand Avenue spurred real estate development in the surrounding areas.[7]In September 1917, the line was projected to open at the end of 1918.[5]

The Nostrand Avenue Line opened on August 23, 1920 at 12:40 a.m.[2][8]

Proposed expansion

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The line was planned to be extended toMarine Park,Brooklyn (at what is nowKings Plaza) under eitherUtica Avenue,using a brand-new line, orNostrand AvenueandFlatbush Avenue.There were also alternate plans for the Nostrand Avenue Line to continue down Nostrand Avenue to Sheepshead Bay.[9]

In December 1918, theNew York Public Service Commissionconsidered constructing a yard for the line near its terminal, and possibly acquiring trackage rights on theManhattan Beach Branchof theLong Island Rail Roadso service could run to Manhattan Beach and Brighton Beach, if the line were electrified.[10]

In January 1919, the Public Service Commission decided that the Nostrand Avenue Line should be extended to Coney Island using the Manhattan Beach Branch. The extension would have meant that passengers wishing to get to Coney Island would not have to pay the double fare that was required to get there via the Brooklyn Rapid Transit lines. Previously, the construction of a yard south of Flatbush Avenue was considered, and the yard could be built in conjunction with the new extension. The Manhattan Beach Branch would have had to been electrified. The connection was estimated to cost $250,000. Two additional tracks would have been built along the Manhattan Beach right-of-way so that the other tracks could be used for freight. With the additional costs of the tracks the project would have cost $950,000.[11]

The Nostrand Avenue line was planned to be extended in 1929 as part of the IND Second System. The line would have been extended as a subway to Kings Highway, and then as an elevated line to Avenue S at the cost of $7.4 million. South of Avenue S the line would continue to Voohries Avenue on a four-track structure shared with the proposed Utica Avenue Line for $3.2 million.[12]

In 1939, the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line was planned to be extended to Voorhies Avenue inSheepshead Bayas a subway to Avenue T and an elevated from there to Voorhies Avenue.[13]In 1946, theNew York City Board of Transportationissued a $1billion plan to extend subway service to the farthest reaches of the outer boroughs, and as part of the plan the line was again projected to extend to Voorhies Avenue.[14]

On September 13, 1951, the Board of Estimate approved a plan put forth by the Board of Transportation that would cost $500 million. As part of the plan the Nostrand Avenue Line was to be extended to Voorhies Avenue inSheepshead Bay.[15][16]

In March 1954, the Transit Authority issued a $658 million construction program including the extension of the Nostrand Avenue Line to Avenue U, which would have cost $51.7 million.[17][18]

The Nostrand Avenue Line was once again slated to be extended further south in 1968 as part of the newly created Metropolitan Transportation Authority'sProgram for Action.This was to have been several extensions to serve the then-burgeoning areas ofMill BasinandSpring Creek.[19]TheRogers Junctionon theIRT Eastern Parkway Linewas a serioustraffic bottleneckduring the rush hours due to the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line tracks' at-grade junctions with the bi-level IRT Eastern Parkway Line.[19][20][21]The Rogers Junction would have to be reconstructed withflying junctionsto increase capacity for several extensions. The initial plan had the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line would be extended pastFlatbush Avenue – Brooklyn CollegealongFlatbush Avenueto a new modern terminal at Avenue U atKings Plaza.This extension was projected to cost $60 million. Other plans had the line extended alongNostrand Avenuefrom Avenue H, where the exiting tunnel ends, toSheepshead Bayat Avenue W or Voorhies Avenue;[19][20][22][23]this second plan had been proposed as part of the line's original construction.[24]The Nostrand Avenue plan, Route 29–C, which was approved by the Board of Estimate on June 3, 1969, would have had three stations added atKings Highway,Avenue R, and Avenue W, with a storage yard constructed south of Avenue W.[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]The construction of either extension would have reduced delays and improved operational efficiency because Flatbush Avenue would not need to be a terminal any longer.[19]

In the summer of 1972, the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line extension to Avenue W was being designed.[20][24]By November 1974, the MTA projected that by 1993, the Nostrand Avenue extension would be open.[20]Due to the 1975–76 fiscal crisis that affected the city, most of the remaining projects did not have funding, so they were declined. Expected to be completed by the mid-1970s and early 1980s,[29][30]lines for the Program for Action had to be reduced or canceled altogether due to the1970s fiscal crisis.[24]

In 1968, and again in 1989, theMTAgave consideration to extending the Nostrand Avenue Line approximately 1,000 feet (300 m) beyond the Flatbush Avenue station to provide room for turnaround facilities to eliminate the operational restrictions caused by the current layout.[31]

In October 2008, the Regional Plan Association in the report Tomorrow's Transit suggested that the Nostrand Avenue Line be extended two stops to Kings Highway as a way to improve travel times and reliability for subway service on the Brooklyn IRT.[32]

In August 2016, it was reported that the MTA was looking into an extension of the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line along Flatbush Avenue toMarine Park,which would allow trains to serve Kings Plaza.[33]

Extent and service

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All services serve the entire line and make all stops.

Time period
weekdays until 8:45 pm evenings, weekends, and late nights
service
service no service

Route description

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The two tracks split off from the local tracks of theIRT Eastern Parkway Lineand diverge away in the vicinity of Rogers Avenue at the Rogers Avenue Junction, turning south onto Nostrand Avenue to/from the Nostrand Avenue Line. Running beneath Nostrand Avenue, the line serves the neighborhoods of southernCrown Heights,Prospect Lefferts Gardens,Flatbush,East Flatbush,and theBrooklyn Collegearea. The line's final station isFlatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College,where there is an unusual terminal setup. It is the only terminal station in the subway system at the end of a physical line that does not have anisland platform,and it was built with twoside platformsand two tracks to allow for a planned, but not carried out extension of the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line south towards Voorhies Avenue inSheepshead Bay.[34]The platforms are connected at the south end just past thebumper blocks(forming a "U" shape), mitigating what is otherwise an inefficient terminal design. This terminal setup is inefficient, and combined with the Rogers Avenue Junction's also-inefficient design (see below), this limits capacity on the line. Therefore, some rush hour2and5trains run via theIRT New Lots Line.[35][36]

The IRT Nostrand Avenue Line tunnels continue beyond the bumper blocks at Flatbush Avenue and Nostrand Avenue. They extend for several hundred feet to Avenue H.[37]Up until about 2006, you could see the cemented over gratings extending down Nostrand Avenue. When a new building went up, the grates were removed. Prior to the building of the exit at the south end of the station, there was only a temporary wooden ramp connecting the platforms and the tunnels were actually visible to passengers.[38][39]

Another factor limiting capacity on the line is the set up of the Rogers Avenue Junction, where trains can diverge from the IRT Eastern Parkway Line to the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line or continue on Eastern Parkway. Rogers Avenue Junction was built when the Nostrand Avenue Line was built, and it only connected the IRT Eastern Parkway Line local tracks to the Nostrand Avenue Line. From west to east between the Franklin Avenue station and the junction, the northbound local track descends to a lower level directly below the southbound local track. Then, the northbound express track, which is still on the upper level at this point, descends to the lower level directly below the southbound express track, creating a dual level two-over-two track layout.[40]

At the junction, a switch on the upper level allows southbound 5 express trains to change to the local track, and a corresponding switch on the lower level allows 5 trains on the northbound local track to change to the express track. Directly to the east, all of the mainline tracks shift slightly to the north, and the Nostrand Avenue Line splits from the local tracks and head south. There is a closed tower at the south end of the southbound platform at the Franklin Avenue station.[40]

This junction is a severetraffic bottleneckduring rush hours, and rebuilding it would require massive construction including the tearing up of Eastern Parkway.[41]In 1968, as part of theProgram for Action,a rebuilding of the junction was planned in order to alleviate congestion.[19]However, financial troubles caused the plan to be dropped.[42]

Station listing

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Station service legend
Stops all times
Stops weekdays during the day
Time period details
Station is compliant with theAmericans with Disabilities Act
↑ Station is compliant with theAmericans with Disabilities Act
in the indicated direction only
↓
Elevator access to mezzanine only
Neighborhood
(approximate) 		Station Services Opened Transfers and notes
Crown Heights Begins as split fromIRT Eastern Parkway Linelocal tracks (2​5)
President Street–Medgar Evers College 2​5 August 23, 1920[2]
Prospect Lefferts Gardens Sterling Street 2​5 August 23, 1920[2] B44 Select Bus Service
Winthrop Street 2​5 August 23, 1920[2] B44 Select Bus Service
East Flatbush Church Avenue 2​5 August 23, 1920[2] B44 Select Bus Service
Beverly Road 2​5 August 23, 1920[2]
Newkirk Avenue–Little Haiti 2​5 August 23, 1920[2] B44 Select Bus Service
Flatbush Avenue–Brooklyn College 2​5 August 23, 1920[2] B44 Select Bus Service
Provision for future expansion

References

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  1. ^"Annual Subway Ridership (2018–2023)".Metropolitan Transportation Authority.2023.RetrievedApril 20,2024.
  2. ^abcdefghi"Brooklyn Tube Extensions Open: I.R.T. Begins Service on Eastern Parkway and Nostrand Avenue Lines"(PDF).New York Times.August 23, 1920.RetrievedFebruary 28,2010.
  3. ^"Terms and Conditions of Dual System Contracts".nycsubway.org.RetrievedFebruary 16,2015.
  4. ^"The Dual System of Rapid Transit (1912)".nycsubway.org.
  5. ^ab"Most Recent Map of the Dual Subway System WhIch Shows How Brooklyn Borough Is Favored In New Transit Lines".Brooklyn Daily Eagle.September 9, 1917.RetrievedAugust 23,2016– via Brooklyn Newspapers.
  6. ^"For Nostrand Ave. Subway. Flatbush Committee Will Try to Wake Up the Public Service Commission".Brooklyn Daily Eagle.May 27, 1910.RetrievedAugust 23,2016– via Brooklyn Newspapers.
  7. ^"Big Eastern Parkway Deal".Brooklyn Daily Eagle.July 1, 1915.RetrievedAugust 23,2016– via Brooklyn Newspapers.
  8. ^"More Interborough Service for Brooklyn 2 New Lines".pudl.princeton.edu.Interborough Rapid Transit Company. August 23, 1920.RetrievedSeptember 19,2016.
  9. ^"Transit Outlook Bright in Brooklyn - First Branch Lines on Assessment Plan Likely to be Built in That Borough".The New York Times.March 6, 1910.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedAugust 9,2016.
  10. ^Proceedings of the New York State Public Service Commission, First District State of New York Volume VXII, From July 1 to December 31, 1918 (With Index).New York State Public Service Commission. 1918. p. 1806.
  11. ^"Nostrand Ave Tube Extension to C.I. Decided on by P.S.C. Manhattan and Brighton Beaches to Be Connected With Interborough Subway System".Brooklyn Daily Eagle.January 19, 1919.RetrievedAugust 23,2016– via Brooklyn Newspapers.
  12. ^"100 MILES OF SUBWAY IN NEW CITY PROJECT; 52 OF THEM IN QUEENS"(PDF).The New York Times.September 16, 1929.RetrievedJanuary 16,2018.
  13. ^nycsubway.org—History of the Independent Subway
  14. ^"Borough Subway Relief Still 2 to 3 Years Off".Brooklyn Daily Eagle.Newspapers. December 6, 1946. pp.1,5.
  15. ^Crowell, Paul (September 14, 1951)."$500,000,000 Voted For 2d Ave. Subway By Estimate Board: Program Including Connections to Existing Lines Depends on Public's Exemption of Bonds: Offer to L.I.R.R. Backed: Authorization Comes After Quill Admits That He Cannot Support 'Steal' Charge"(PDF).The New York Times.RetrievedJanuary 25,2016.
  16. ^"Board of Transportation - 1951".Thejoekorner. Archived fromthe originalon February 24, 2021.RetrievedMarch 25,2014.
  17. ^"Assurance of Nostrand Avenue Spur Is a Great Victory for Brooklyn".Brooklyn Daily Eagle.Newspapers. January 17, 1954.RetrievedAugust 19,2015.
  18. ^"Improvements That Are Planned for Subways"(PDF).The New York Times.March 24, 1954.RetrievedFebruary 8,2016.
  19. ^abcde"Full text of" Metropolitan transportation, a program for action. Report to Nelson A. Rockefeller, Governor of New York. "".Internet Archive.November 7, 1967.RetrievedOctober 1,2015.
  20. ^abcdFeinman, Mark."The New York Transit Authority in the 1970s".nycsubway.org.RetrievedApril 23,2015.
  21. ^"nycsubway.org: New York City Subway Track Maps".nycsubway.org.October 9, 2015.RetrievedOctober 9,2015.
  22. ^ab"Regional Transportation Program".Metropolitan Transportation Authority.1969.RetrievedJuly 26,2016.
  23. ^abKing, Seth S. (September 21, 1968)."City Approves 2d Ave. Subway And 11 Other New Transit Lines; A 2D Ave Subway Approved by City".The New York Times.RetrievedOctober 3,2015.
  24. ^abcdRaskin, Joseph B. (2013).The Routes Not Taken: A Trip Through New York City's Unbuilt Subway System.New York, New York: Fordham University Press.doi:10.5422/fordham/9780823253692.001.0001.ISBN978-0-82325-369-2.
  25. ^Erlitz, Jeffrey (June 2004)."Tech Talk".New York Division Bulletin.47(6). Electric Railroader's Association: 8–9.RetrievedJuly 26,2016.
  26. ^"1968 NYCTA Expansion Plans (Picture)".Second Avenue Sagas.RetrievedSeptember 14,2016.
  27. ^"A Record $250-Million Is Asked for Transit Expansion Here"(PDF).The New York Times.November 5, 1968.RetrievedOctober 2,2015.
  28. ^Prial, Frank J. (October 31, 1971)."Brooklyn Bemoans Its Ancient Subways"(PDF).The New York Times.RetrievedSeptember 16,2015.
  29. ^"New Line May Get Double Trackage: Transit Unit Shift on Queens Super-Express"(PDF).The New York Times.February 21, 1971.RetrievedSeptember 26,2015.
  30. ^Burks, Edward C. (October 24, 1973)."Work Begun on Queens Subway Extension"(PDF).The New York Times.RetrievedSeptember 26,2015.
  31. ^Feinman, Mark S."The New York Transit Authority in the 1980s".nycsubway.org.RetrievedSeptember 16,2012.
  32. ^"Tomorrow's Transit New Mobility for the Region's Urban Core"(PDF).rpa.org.Regional Plan Association. October 2008. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on February 2, 2017.RetrievedAugust 23,2016.
  33. ^"MTA looks into possible new subway line to Marine Park".news12.News 12 Brooklyn. August 8, 2016. Archived fromthe originalon August 12, 2016.RetrievedAugust 9,2016.
  34. ^"Station: Flatbush Avenue (IRT Brooklyn Line)".nycsubway.org.RetrievedSeptember 17,2012.
  35. ^"2 Subway Timetable, Effective June 26, 2022".Metropolitan Transportation Authority.RetrievedJune 28,2024.
  36. ^"5 Subway Timetable, Effective June 30, 2024".Metropolitan Transportation Authority.RetrievedJune 28,2024.
  37. ^"Number One Transportation Progress An Interim Report".thejoekorner.Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 1968.RetrievedAugust 19,2016.
  38. ^Fischler, Stan (January 1, 2000).The Subway: A Trip Through Time on New York's Rapid Transit.H & M Productions. p. 163.ISBN9781882608232.
  39. ^"A history of futility for Utica, Nostrand extension plans".Second Ave. Sagas.September 7, 2010.RetrievedApril 26,2016.
  40. ^ab"nycsubway.org: New York City Subway Track Maps".nycsubway.org.October 9, 2015.RetrievedOctober 9,2015.
  41. ^"Tomorrow's Transit New Mobility for the Region's Urban Core"(PDF).rpa.org.Regional Plan Association. October 2008. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on February 2, 2017.RetrievedAugust 15,2016.
  42. ^"nycsubway.org".
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