Jussi Kristian Halla-aho(Finnish:[ˈjusːiˈhɑlːɑˌɑho];born 27 April 1971) is a Finnish politician, currently serving as theSpeaker of the Parliament of Finlandsince 2023.[2]Halla-aho has served as a member of theParliament of Finlandfrom 2011 to 2014 and again since 2019, and as the leader of theFinns Partyfrom 10 June 2017[3]to 14 August 2021.[4]Previously, between 2014 and 2019, he was amember of the European Parliament,where he was part of theIdentity and Democracygroup.[5][6][7]
Jussi Halla-aho | |
|---|---|
 Halla-aho in 2023 | |
| Speaker of the Parliament of Finland | |
| Assumed office 21 June 2023 | |
| Preceded by | Petteri Orpo |
| Leader of theFinns Party | |
| In office 10 June 2017 – 14 August 2021 | |
| Preceded by | Timo Soini |
| Succeeded by | Riikka Purra |
| Member of Parliament forHelsinki | |
| Assumed office 3 July 2019 | |
| In office 19 April 2011 – 30 June 2014 | |
| Succeeded by | Mika Raatikainen |
| Member of the European Parliament forFinland | |
| In office 1 July 2014 – 2 July 2019 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Jussi Kristian Halla-aho 27 April 1971 Tampere,Pirkanmaa,Finland |
| Political party | Finns Party(2010–present) |
| Spouse |
Hilla Halla-aho (m.2002) |
| Children | 5[1] |
| Alma mater | University of Helsinki |
Halla-aho has a PhD inSlavic Studies.Before entering national politics, he was best known for criticising multiculturalism and Finland's immigration policies in his online blog,Scripta.He was first elected to theHelsinki City Councilin 2008 and to theFinnish parliamentin2011.In2014he was elected to theEuropean Parliament.He was elected leader of the Finns Party in the summer of 2017, defeatingSampo Terho,[3]after which the majority of the party's MPs seceded in protest and formeda new party.In spite of this, Halla-aho led the Finns Party to success in the2019 election:it recovered all of its lost seats, becoming the second-largest party in parliament (after theSocial Democratic Party),[8]and Halla-aho won the largest share of personal votes in the country.[9]
Halla-aho has served as Speaker of Parliament since 21 June 2023. In 2024, he ran forPresident of Finland.
Early life
editHalla-aho grew up inTampereand lived there 24 years.[5][10]His mother was fromAlajärvi.[11]During the 1980s he travelled to theSoviet Unionwith his father, who was a bus driver. The trip was the spark for his anti-leftist convictions.[5]When Halla-aho was young, he worked as a waiter.[5]Whenconscripted,instead ofmilitary servicehe chosecivilian service.He later expressed regret at his decision, calling the choice a "stupid political protest", and voicing support for the present conscription system.[12]
Education
edit
After high school graduation, Halla-aho enrolled in Pirkanmaa Hotel and Restaurant Institute, where he obtained a professional degree to become a restaurant waiter. Halla-aho studied at theUniversity of Helsinkifrom 1995 until 2006. After obtaining a master's degree in 2000, he continued with doctoral studies,[10]and obtained a Ph.D. in 2006, focusing his dissertation on historical nominalmorphologyofOld Church Slavonic.[5][13]He has published one article in an academic journal.[10]After graduation, he left academia and worked on a part-time basis supported by short-term academic grants.
Political career
editElectoral results
editHalla-aho was elected a member ofHelsinki City Councilin the 2008 municipal elections as a candidate of theFinns Party(previously known as True Finns),[5][14]although he was not a member of the party until 2010. In the 2008 elections, he was the 18th most popular candidate in the entire country[15]and the second most popular candidate of the Finns Party after the party leaderTimo Soini.[16]Halla-aho won the largest number of personal votes for the party in Helsinki.[17]
Halla-aho was elected to parliament in2011.His vote share was the sixth highest in the country and the second highest within his party.[18]In the parliament he was made chairman of the Administration Committee,[19]which deals with immigration affairs among other matters.[20]However, in the summer of 2012 Halla-aho resigned from the position of committee chairman, while staying as a member of the committee.[21]Halla-aho was re-elected to the Helsinki City Council in 2012, being the third most popular candidate nationwide.[22]
Halla-aho was elected to theEuropean Parliamentin2014.He was the second most popular candidate in the election with 80,772 votes.[23]He sits in theEuropean Conservatives and ReformistsGroup (ECR). He is a member of theCommittee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs,and a substitute member of theCommittee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection.[24]
In 2017, Halla-aho announced he would run for the party chair in theFinns Party leadership election,as the long-time leader of the party Timo Soini decided not to seek another term.[25]During the campaign, Halla-aho andSampo Terhoemerged as the leading candidates, according to opinion polls.[26][27]Halla-aho emerged victorious in the party conference inJyväskyläon 10 June, winning a majority of delegates in the first round, and was officially nominated as the Leader of the Finns Party.[28][29]His selection resulted in a political crisis in Finland, as the leaders of the two other governing coalition parties, Prime MinisterJuha SipiläofCentreand Finance MinisterPetteri Orpoof theNCP,stated they would not co-operate with the Finns Party led by Halla-aho.[30][31]The two leaders argued that their decision was based on value differences between them and Halla-aho's policies, and that theSipilä Cabinetwould duly be dissolved.[32]On 13 June, however, twenty Finns MPs, including former leader Soini, broke away from the parliamentary group and foundedNew Alternative.Sipilä announced that his cabinet would continue working with New Alternative (later calledBlue Reform), thus securing a parliamentary majority, and leaving the remaining Finns MPs in opposition.[33]
Halla-aho led the remainder of the party into the2019 parliamentary election,gaining one new seat in comparison to the 2015 elections, while none of the Blue Reform candidates got elected.[34]Halla-aho did personally gain the most votes in the whole country and broke the record for most personal votes inHelsinki constituency.[9]
In June 2021, Halla-aho informed that he is not running for re-election as chairman of party, but will continue in parliament and municipality.
Speaker of the Parliament
editIn the2023 parliamentary election,Halla-aho was re-elected with 22,081 votes.[35]In June 2023, he was elected as the Speaker of the Parliament.[36]
In July 2023, Halla-aho announced his candidacy for the2024 Finnish presidential election.[37]In the election, he placed third with 18.99% of the total vote count and failed to advance to the second round of voting.[38]
On 25 November 2023 Halla-aho addressed theVerkhovna RadainUkrainianon the 90th anniversary of theHolodomor.[39]
On 3 April 2024, he accompanied President of Finland,Alexander Stubb,on a visit to Ukraine, meeting President of Ukraine,Volodymyr ZelenskyyinKyiv.[40]
Parliamentary elections
edit| Year | Constituency | Votes | Percentage | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2007 | Helsinki | 2,215 | 0.70% | Not elected |
| 2011 | Helsinki | 15,074 | 4.33% | Elected |
| 2019 | Helsinki | 30,596 | 7.87% | Elected |
| 2023 | Helsinki | 22,081 | 5.78% | Elected |
Municipal elections
edit| Year | Municipality | Votes | Percentage | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Helsinki | 2,977 | 1.07% | Elected |
| 2012 | Helsinki | 6,034 | 2.11% | Elected |
| 2017 | Helsinki | 5,668 | 1.74% | Elected |
| 2021 | Helsinki | 18,978 | 5.67% | Elected |
European Parliament elections
edit| Year | Constituency | Votes | Percentage | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | Finland | 80,772 | 4.67% | Elected |
Political interests
editHalla-aho has stated that he became politically active because he finds the Finnish immigration policy a problem[42]and believes that Europe is heading towards a catastrophe because of massive immigration.[43]Halla-aho voices support for thewelfare state,and places himself on the left side of the political spectrum, in matters of economic policy.[17]Still, he maintains that, all sides taken into account, if forced to choose betweenleft-wingandright-wingpolitics he would choose the right-wing.[44]
Halla-aho maintains a blog titledScriptawhich states that it treats issues such as "immigration, multiculturalism,tolerance,racism,freedom of speechandpolitical correctness".[45]His blog had between 3,000 and 6,000 readers a day in 2008,[46]which made him the best knownpolitical bloggerin Finland according to the newspaperAamulehti.[47]
In a 2007 interview withHelsingin SanomatHalla-aho explained his opposition to multiculturalism in the following way:
In Finland the starting point [of the conversation] is that multiculturalism is a richness in itself. This is an untenable claim. When rival value systems and codes of conduct are accepted in a society, it leads automatically to conflicts. Finland is no exception. It is mainly the attributes of the Muslim cultures, that make the integration of these groups into Finland impossible, as long as they hold on to their special characteristics and as long as the society encourages them to wrap themselves in this otherness. It creates a spiral ofsocial exclusionand ethnicghettoisation.[48]
Halla-aho has demanded thatpositive discriminationand what he calls privileges due to culture or nationality should not be allowed. Referring to his own works, he has affirmed that criticising "totalitarianfascistideologies likepolitical Islam"should not be considered racism and that facts cannot be criminalised.[49]According to Halla-aho, immigration is atabooin Finland.[50]He has disclosed that he has receiveddeath threatsbecause of his web columns.[44][47]
Halla-aho has been accused of racism by academics and members of the Finnish government,[51][52]and has been connected to thecounter-jihadmovement,[53][54][55]having previously been a contributor to the blogGates of Vienna.[56]He denies xenophobia allegations against him and maintains that he is simply “critical of immigration”,[5]and that he has supporters among immigrants, as well.[44]
On 19 April 2022, in the aftermath ofRussian invasion of Ukrainewhen GermanBundestagmemberTino Chrupallafrom right-wing populistAfDpraised ChancellorOlaf Scholz's decision not to send heavy weapons to Ukraine and demanded an end to sanctions against Russia and for peace negotiations to start, Halla-aho responded onX (formerly Twitter)in German "I find it impossible to understand how a nationalist party can support or justify imperialism."[57](Ich finde es unmöglich zu verstehen, wie eine nazionalistische Partei Imperialismus unterstützen oder rechtfertigen kann.)
Criminal charges and conviction
editIn December 2008, Halla-aho was put under investigation forincitement to ethnic or racial hatred(under Finnish law referred to as "ethnic agitation" ) for remarks published on his blog.[58][59]
On 27 March 2009, the Helsinki District Court ordered Halla-aho to stand for trial on charges of ethnic agitation andbreach of the sanctity of religion.The charges were raised on the basis of remarks related to the sentencing ofSeppo Lehtoon Halla-aho's blog in 2008. Here, he wrote thatMuhammad was a pedophile,making reference to Muhammad's marriage withAisha,who Muhammad married when Aisha was 6-7. And that Islam is a religion that sanctifiespedophilia.The text discussed the limits offree speechand intentionally made some controversial claims in order to check the response of judiciary.[60]In another text, he asked if it could be stated that robbing passersby and living on taxpayers' expense are cultural and possibly genetic characteristics ofSomalis.[52]The text was originally a response to a Finnish columnist of the newspaperKaleva,who had written that drinking excessively and killing when drunk were cultural and possibly genetic characteristics of Finns and was intended to underline the hypocrisy of it being possible to be prosecuted for one of those essentially similar statements but not for the other.[61]
On 8 September 2009, the District Court convicted Halla-aho of disturbing religious worship, and ordered him to pay a fine of 330 euros.[52]The charge of ethnic agitation was dismissed. In October 2010 the Court of Appeal agreed with the District Court's conviction.[62]Both the prosecutor and Halla-aho appealed the case to theSupreme Court.[63]The Supreme Court granted a leave to appeal in May 2011.[64]In a sentence given on the 8 of June 2012, the Supreme Court found Halla-aho guilty of both disturbing religious worship and of ethnic agitation and increased his fines accordingly to 400 euros.[52][65][66]
In 2019 Halla-aho said he still stands by his past writings.[67]
Other controversies
editIn December 2006 Halla-aho wrote in his blog Scripta on immigration that, “Since rapes will increase in any case, the appropriate people should be raped: in other words,green-leftist do-goodersand their supporters ", naming some of the politicians which led to a police investigation.[68]
In September 2011 Halla-aho wrote in Facebook that Greece's debt problems cannot be resolved without amilitary junta.[69]He soon retracted the comment, clarifying that his intention was merely to point out that making necessary but unpopular decisions is not easy in a democracy.[70]Timo Soini,the leader of the party, demanded a temporary suspension of Halla-aho from the parliamentary group.[71]In the end the parliamentary group unanimously (Halla-aho himself included) suspended Halla-aho for two weeks, although Soini had initially called for a month-long suspension.[72][73]
Personal life
editHalla-aho lives inEirain Helsinki with his wife Hilla Halla-aho and their four children.[74][5]In May 2017, it was revealed that he had also had one child with another woman in 2015. Information was leaked to the press by the anonymous mother, who was disappointed that Halla-aho had always mentioned publicly that he only had four children. Halla-aho confirmed the information when asked, but declined to further comment it.[1]
Halla-aho's hobbies include readingastronomyas well as pistol and rifleshooting.[75]He used to be a member ofSuomen Sisu,an association that seeks to promote Finnishethnic nationalism.[76]He quit the association in June 2019, but did not specify why, though stating that he sees Finnish people as an ethnic folk.[77]He is not a member in any church and considers himself a moderateagnostic atheist.[78]
Halla-aho is occasionally referred asMestari(Master) as a nickname among his supporters.
Publications
editAcademic works
edit- Halla-aho, Jussi:Problems of Proto-Slavic historical nominal morphology: On the basis of Old Church Slavic.Archived2011-05-18 at theWayback MachineSlavica Helsingiensia 26, Helsinki,University of Helsinki,Department of Slavonic Languages, 2006.ISBN952-10-3012-7(in English)
- Halla-aho, Jussi:Two borrowings in Proto-Slavic; and a minor Balto-Slavic sound change,Journal of Indo-European Studies33, p. 233-245, 2005.(in English)
- Halla-aho, Jussi: “The collapse of an early Proto-Indo-European ablaut pattern.”Indogermanische Forschungen110, p. 97-118, 2005.(in English)
- Nuorluoto, Juhani & Leiwo, Martti & Halla-aho, Jussi (editors):Papers in Slavic, Baltic and Balkan studies, Slavica Helsingiensia 21,Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Department of Slavonic and Baltic Languages and Literatures, 2001ISBN952-10-0246-8(Selection of papers by Slavists, Baltologists and Balkanists from Austria/Croatia, Canada, Finland, Latvia, Poland, Russia and the United States of America)(in English)
- Halla-aho, Jussi:Old Church Slavic Manual.Helsinki, Jussi Halla-aho, 2006(in English and Finnish)
Political works
edit- Halla-aho, Jussi:Kirjoituksia uppoavasta Lännestä,Jussi Halla-aho, 2009ISBN978-952-92-5213-8
In 2009, Halla-aho published a collection of his web columns titledKirjoituksia uppoavasta Lännestä(Writings from the sinking WestorWritings about the sinking West) in print. The book's first edition sold out in three days.[79]
References
edit- ^abVuorikoski, Salla:Jussi Halla-aholla lapsi avioliiton ulkopuolella - "Ei vaikuta kampanjointiin"Suomen Kuvalehti - 24.5.2017(in Finnish)
- ^"Immigration hardliner Halla-aho elected as Finland's Speaker of Parliament".Yle News.21 June 2023.Retrieved22 June2023.
- ^ab"Jussi Halla-aho elected Finns Party leader".Yle News. 10 June 2017
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- ^abcdefghMäkinen, Esa:What does Jussi Halla-aho really want?Archived2011-04-26 at theWayback Machine,Helsingin Sanomat – International Edition Metro, 30.11.2008.(in English)
- ^Sauvala, Milka:Maahanmuuttokriitikko perussuomalaisten äänikuningas HelsingissäArchived2008-12-11 at theWayback Machine,Helsingin Sanomat,26.10.2008.(in Finnish)
- ^Viljanmaa, Toni:Perussuomalaiset saivat parikymmentä maahanmuuttokriitikkoa valtuustoihinArchived2011-07-17 at theWayback Machine,Satakunnan Kansa 27.10.2008.(in Finnish)
- ^"Koko maa, tulokset puolueittain".
- ^ab"Halla-aho vaalien äänikuningas ja ohitti Sauli Niinistön aikaisemman ennätyksen Helsingin vaalipiirissä – katso täältä muutkin äänirohmut".Yle. 14 April 2019.Retrieved17 April2019.
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- ^Rautio, Pirjo:Jussi Halla-ahon juurilla[permanent dead link],Pohjalainen, 22.11.2008(in Finnish)
- ^Maria Pettersson:Jussi Halla-aho,City-lehti 1/2009(in Finnish)
- ^Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic,Slavistik-Portal, 2006(in English)
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- ^"Taloustutkimus: Perussuomalaisten äänestäjät kannattavat Halla-ahoa puolueen seuraavaksi puheenjohtajaksi selvästi enemmän kuin Terhoa".Lännen Media.Aamulehti. 3 June 2017. Archived fromthe originalon 15 June 2017.Retrieved12 June2017.
- ^Mattila, Sanni (10 June 2017)."Jussi Halla-aho on perussuomalaisten uusi puheenjohtaja:" Olen sanaton "".Iltalehti.Retrieved10 June2017.
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- ^"Parliamentary Elections 2023: Electoral district of Helsinki".Ministry of Justice.Retrieved7 July2023.
- ^"Jussi Halla-aho eduskunnan puhemieheksi, Risikko ja Filatov varapuhemiehiksi".Helsingin Sanomat.21 June 2023.Retrieved7 July2023.
- ^"Jussi Halla-aho pyrkii presidentiksi –" Olen käytettävissä "".Ilta-Sanomat.July 7, 2023.RetrievedJuly 7,2023.
- ^"Presidential election 2024, Whole country, Results by candidate".Ministry of Justice, Information and Result Service. 28 January 2024.Retrieved29 January2024.
- ^"Finnish Parliament Speaker Receives Standing Ovation in Verkhovna Rada for Ukrainian Address".Kyiv Post.26 November 2023.Retrieved28 November2023.
- ^Pekkarinen, Virpi (5 April 2024)."In Kyiv, President Stubb confirmed Finland's support for Ukraine for the next ten years".Presidentti.
- ^"Information Service".vaalit.fi.Ministry of Justice of Finland.Retrieved3 July2017.
- ^Ruissalo, Pekka: Timo Soini ja Jussi Halla-aho närkästyivät rasismisyytöksistä, Aamulehti 21.10.2008(in Finnish)
- ^Poikkeustapaukset,Helsingin Sanomat, 2.3.2007.
- ^abcPettersson, Maria:Jussi Halla-aho,City,nro 1/2009(in Finnish)
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- ^Jussi, Noora:Yllätysvoitot perustuivat blogeihin,Vihreä Lanka, 29.10.2008.(in Finnish)
- ^abViljanmaa, Toni:Perussuomalaiset | Hallan vaaraArchived2008-12-10 at theWayback Machine,Aamulehti,5.12.2008.(in Finnish)
- ^In Finnish: "Suomessa on lähtökohtana, että monikulttuurisuus itsessään on rikkaus. Tämä on perustelematon väite. Kun yhteiskunnassa hyväksytään kilpailevia arvojärjestelmiä ja käyttäytymiskoodeja, se johtaa automaattisesti konflikteihin. Suomi ei ole poikkeus. Lähinnä muslimikulttuurien piirteet tekevät näiden ryhmien sopeutumisen Suomeen mahdottomaksi niin kauan kuin ne pitävät kiinni erityispiirteistään ja yhteiskunta rohkaisee heitä kääriytymään tähän erilaisuuteen. Se luo syrjäytymisen ja etnisen gettoutumisen kierteen."Poikkeustapaukset,Helsingin Sanomat, 2.3.2007(in Finnish)
- ^Toisinajattelijana Suomessa – Policyn haastattelussa Jussi Halla-ahoArchived2011-07-20 at theWayback MachinePolicy 1/2008, p. 16, Helsingin yliopiston Valtio-opin Opiskelijat ry. (PDF)(in Finnish)
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The iconic islamophobic and counterjihadist blog 'gates of Vienna' included Halla-aho for years among its extended circle of contributors and translators.
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- ^Kontulan Perussuomalaiset ry:Jussi Halla-ahoArchived2008-12-01 at theWayback Machine(in Finnish)
- ^Vahti, Jukka:Suomen Sisun jäsenet pyrkivät valtuustoihin perussuomalaisten listoilta,Vihreä Lanka, 9.10.2008(in Finnish)
*Onnittelemme valtuustoihin päässeitä Suomen Sisun jäseniäArchived2008-12-09 at theWayback Machine,Suomen Sisu28.10.2008(in Finnish) - ^"HS-haastattelu: Perussuomalaisten puheenjohtaja Jussi Halla-aho on eronnut nationalistisesta Suomen sisu -järjestöstä".Helsingin Sanomat(in Finnish). 2019-06-29.Retrieved2020-01-18.
- ^Susiluoto, Klaus (August 2009). "Oikeus olla leimatumatta rasistiksi".Lue!(in Finnish). Karprint: 80.
Halla-aho ei kuulu kirkkoon. Hän määrittelee itsensä maltilliseksi agnostiseksi ateistiksi.
- ^Halla-ahon kirjan ensimmäinen painos myytiin loppuunArchived2017-08-14 at theWayback Machine,Iltalehti, 4.3.2009(in Finnish)
External links
edit
- Jussi Halla-aho– Halla-aho's personal homepage(in English)
- Scripta– Halla-aho's blog(in Finnish)
- Inter arma– Halla-aho's column on gun control(in English)