Wikipedia

Kōjien

Kōjien(Japanese:Quảng từ uyển,lit. "Wide garden of words" )is a single-volumeJapanese dictionaryfirst published byIwanami Shotenin 1955. It is widely regarded as the most authoritative dictionary of Japanese, and newspaper editorials frequently cite its definitions. As of 2007, it had sold 11 million copies.[1]

Kōjien7th edition (2018) displayed at a bookstore in Tokyo
Kōjien2nd edition (1969)

Izuru Shinmura

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Kōjienwas themagnum opusofShinmura Izuru,1876–1967, a professor of linguistics and Japanese atKyoto University.He was born inYamaguchi Prefectureand graduated from the prestigiousTokyo University,where he was a student of Kazutoshi Ueda(Thượng điền vạn năm,Ueda Kazutoshi,1867–1937).After studying in Germany, Ueda taughtcomparative linguisticsand edited foreign-language dictionaries in the latter part of theMeiji era.Through his tutelage, Shinmura became involved in Japanese language lexicography. EvenKōjieneditions published after his death credit Shinmura as the chief editor.

History

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Jien

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The predecessor ofKōjienoriginated during theGreat Depression in East Asia.In 1930, the publisher Shigeo Oka ( cương mậu hùng,Oka Shigeo,1894–1989) wanted to create a Japanese dictionary for high school students. He asked his friend Shinmura to be chief editor, and they chose the titleJien( từ uyển "Garden of words" ) in a classical allusion to theZiyuan( tự uyển, "Garden of characters" )Chinese dictionary.Shinmura appointed his son Takeshi Shinmura ( tân thôn mãnh,Shinmura Takeshi,1905–1992) as an editor, and in 1935, Hakubunkan ( bác văn quán ) published theJiendictionary. It contained some 160,000headwordentries of old and new Japanese vocabulary, as well as encyclopedic content, and quickly became a bestseller.

1st edition

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The editors began working on a revised edition, but the 1945Firebombing of Tokyodestroyed their work. After the war, Shinmura and his lexicographers began anew in September 1948. Iwanami Shoten published the firstKōjienin 1955. It included approximately 200,000 headwords, about 40,000 more than theJien.

2nd edition

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The 2nd edition (1969) deleted about 20,000 old entries and added about 20,000 new ones, especially scientific terms.

On December 1, 1976, a revised and expanded version(Bổ đính bản,hoteiban)of the 2nd edition was published.

3rd edition

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The 3rd edition (1983) added 12,000 entries, and was published inCD-ROMformat in 1987.

4th edition

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Three major Japanese publishers released new dictionaries specifically designed to compete with the Iwanami's popular and profitableKōjien:Sanseidō'sDaijirin(Đại từ lâm"Great forest of words", 1988), Shōgakukan'sDaijisen(Đại từ tuyền"Great fountainhead of words", 1995), and Kōdansha'sNihongo Daijiten(Nhật Bản ngữ đại từ điển"Great dictionary of Japanese" 1989). In response, the 4th editionKōjien(1991) was a major revision that added some 15,000 entry words, bringing the total to over 220,000. The CD-ROM version was published in 1993 and revised with color illustrations (like theNihongo daijiten) in 1996.

In 1992, Iwanami published both ane-bookformat 4th edition and a usefulGyakubiki Kōjien(Nghịch dẫn き quảng từ uyển"Reverse dictionaryKōjien").

5th edition

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The 5th edition (1998) includes over 230,000 headwords, and its 2996 pages contain an estimated total of 14 million characters. Iwanami Shoten currently publishesKōjienin several printed and digital formats, and also sells dictionary subscription services for cell phone and Internet access. Various manufacturers ofJapanese electronic dictionarieshave licensed the digitalKōjien,and it is the core dictionary in many models.

Shinmura's preface to the 1st edition stated his hope that theKōjienwould become regarded as the standard by which other dictionaries would be measured. This has largely been fulfilled; many people regard theKōjienas the most authoritative Japanese language dictionary on the market. It remains a bestseller in Japan. According to Iwanami, the 1st editionKōjiensold over one million copies, and the 5th edition brought cumulative total sales to over eleven million in 2000.

6th edition

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The sixth edition was released on January 11, 2008, includes more than 10,000 new entries, bringing the total to approximately 240,000. It also contains an additional 1,500 quotations.[1][2]

The 6th edition refersTaiwanasa provinceof the People's Republic of China. Before the release of the 7th edition,Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japanissued an official statement, requesting Iwanami Shoten to correct the entry.[2][3][4]Iwanami Shoten, however, defended the entry is correct because Japan officially recognisedOne Chinabased on theJapan–China Joint Communiqué,that "fully understands and respects Taiwan is part of the PRC", and thecurrent relationshipbetween Japan and Taiwan is non governmental.[5]Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japan expressed regret for the defence.[6]

7th edition

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The seventh edition was released on January 12, 2018. Changes include 10,000 new words were added from 100,000 words collected by its editors firstly, including "apuri" (app), "Isuramu-koku" (Islamic State),LGBT,"hanii torappu" (honey trap), "jidori" (selfie) and "diipu raningu" (deep learning).[7]Other changes include citing available source literature for a given explanation of a term, listing changes of the usages of a term, addition of 140 pages without adding book thickness.[8][9]

However, the definition of LGBT in the edition was written as "individuals whose sexual orientation differs from the majority." Some criticized that the definition only describes the "LGB" portion of the acronym which refers to sexual orientation, while the "T" refers to gender identity.[10]In response, the publisher revised the definition to "in broad terms, people whose sexual orientations are not heterosexual or people whose gender identity does not match the sex they were identified with at birth.”[11]

Publication

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Japanese dictionaries

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By Iwanami Shoten

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  • Jien ( từ uyển )
    • ?th printing (1935-??-??)
  • Kōjien1st edition ( quảng từ uyển )
    • ?th printing (1955-05-25)
  • Kōjien2nd edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ nhị bản ) (ASIN B00GD6NHXM)
    • ?th printing (1969-05-16)
  • Kōjien2nd revised edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ nhị bản bổ đính bản )
    • ?th printing (1976-12-01)
  • Kōjien3rd edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tam bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-080001-3):
    • ?th printing (1983-12-06)
  • Kōjien4th edition: Includes 220,000 entries, 2500 illustrations.
    • regular edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản bình thường bản ) (ISBN4-00-080101-5C0500/ISBN978-4-00-080101-0):
      • ?th printing (1991-11-15)
    • desktop edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản cơ thượng bản ) (ISBN4-00-080102-3C0500/ISBN978-4-00-080102-7): B5 page size.
      • ?th printing (1991-11-15)
    • reverse index regular edition ( nghịch dẫn き quảng từ uyển bình thường bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-080106-5)
      • ?th printing (1992-11-17)
    • reverse index desktop edition ( nghịch dẫn き quảng từ uyển cơ thượng bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-080107-2): B5 page size.
      • ?th printing (1992-11-17)
    • leather edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản tổng cách trang ) (ISBN4-00-080103-1C0500/ISBN978-4-00-080103-4): Regular page size in leather cover.
      • ?th printing (1992-11-17)
    • EPWING CD-ROM edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản CD‐ROM bản EPWING quy ước chuẩn 拠) (ISBN978-4-00-130015-4): CD-ROM includes 84 bird sounds, 234 colour samples, search engine.
      • ?th printing (1993-03-01)
    • Electronic Kōjien 4th edition ( điện tử quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-130017-8): Sold by NEC Home Electronics. Includes CD‐ROM dictionary, search software in 3.5 and 5.25-inch floppies. Supports PC‐9800 series MS-DOS CD‐ROM Extensions Ver. 2．0 and Japanese MS‐DOS 3.1.
      • ?th printing (1993-03-20)
    • Macintosh edition (マック quảng từ uyển ) (ISBN978-4-00-130020-8): Sold by Qualitas Japan. CD‐ROM includes index software,KanjiTalk7.1 compatibility.
      • ?th printing (1994-07-01)
    • EPWING V2 CD-ROM edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản CD‐ROM ( カラー ) bản EPWING quy ước ( đệ 2 bản ) chuẩn 拠) (ISBN978-4-00-130030-7): CD-ROM includes 84 bird sounds, 234 colour samples, 650 new colour photos, search engine.
      • ?th printing (1995-11-15)
    • CD-ROM colour edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản CD-ROM ( カラー ) bản “こととい” パック) (ISBN978-4-00-200971-1): Includes Windows/Mac OS CD-ROM.
      • ?th printing (1996-01-25)
    • e-book edition ( điện tử ブック quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản điện tử ブック ( bổ đính ) bản ) (ISBN4-00-130035-4C0800/ISBN978-4-00-130035-2): Includes CD-ROM. CD-ROM includes 40 bird sounds, keyword search engine.
      • ?th printing (1996-01-25/1996-12-16)
    • EPWING V3 CD-ROM multimedia edition ( quảng từ uyển CD－ROM マルチメディア bản EPWING quy ước đệ 3 bản chuẩn 拠) (ISBN4-00-130051-6C0800/ISBN978-4-00-130051-2): Includes CD-ROM. CD-ROM includes 1800 colour illustrations, 15 animations, 84 bird sounds, 234 colour samples, 542 literature information.
      • ?th printing (1996-12-16)
    • EPWING V3 CD-ROM multimedia edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ tứ bản CD－ROM ( マルチメディア ) bản kiểm tác ソフト ( “ことといV2” ) phó EPWING quy ước ( đệ 3 bản ) chuẩn 拠) (ISBN4-00-200972-6C0800/ISBN978-4-00-200972-8): Includes 2 CD-ROM. CD-ROM includes 1800 colour illustrations, 15 animations, 84 bird sounds, 234 colour samples, 542 literature information, Kototoi Ver.2 index software.
      • ?th printing (1996-12-16)
  • Kōjien5th edition: Includes 230,000 entries.
    • regular edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản ) (ISBN4-00-080111-2C0500/ISBN978-4-00-080111-9)
      • ?th printing (1998-11-11)
    • desktop edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-080112-6): B5 page size.
      • ?th printing (1998-11-11)
    • EPWING V5 CD-ROM edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản CD－ROM bản EPWING quy ước ( đệ 5 bản ) chuẩn 拠) (ISBN4-00-130072-9C0800/ISBN978-4-00-130072-7): Includes CD-ROM. CD-ROM supports Windows 95-XP, KanjiTalk 7.5 with MacOS 9.2.2.
      • ?th printing (1998-11-11)
    • e-book edition (Điện tử ブックQuảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản điện tử ブック bản ) (ISBN4-00-130074-5C0800/ISBN978-4-00-130074-1): Includes mini CD-ROM. Supports EBXA, S-EBXA-compatible electronic dictionary readers.
      • ?th printing (1999-04-26)
    • reverse index ( nghịch dẫn き quảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản đối ứng ) (ISBN978-4-00-080116-4)
      • ?th printing (1999-10-15)
    • goat leather edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản tổng cách trang ) (ISBN978-4-00-080113-3)
      • ?th printing (1999-10-15)
    • iMode edition: It is a monthly subscription service.
      • Version? (2001-04-??)
      • Version? (2003-02-??, with poetry collection ( chiết 々 の うた365 ngày ))
    • EZweb edition: It is a monthly subscription service.
      • Version? (2003-06-??)
    • J-Sky edition: It is a monthly subscription service.
  • Kōjien6th edition: Includes 240,000 entries, 2800 illustrations.
    • regular edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-080121-8): 2 volumes (1+1 index).
      • ?th printing (2008-01-11)
    • desktop edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-080122-5): B5 page size. 3 volumes (2+1 index).
      • ?th printing (2008-01-11)
    • EPWING V5 DVD-ROM edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản DVD－ROM bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-130161-8): B5 page size. Includes Windows Vista/MacOS X 10.3 DVD-ROM. DVD-ROM includes Kototoi Light Ver3.5. Windows Vista support requires an updated Kototoi installer.[12]
      • ?th printing (2008-01-11)
    • goat leather edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản tổng cách trang ) (ISBN978-4-00-080123-2)
      • ?th printing (2009-01-20)
    • goat leather desktop edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản tổng cách trang cơ thượng bản ) (ISBN978-4-00-080124-9): B5 page size.
      • ?th printing (2009-01-20)
    • Mobile edition: It is a monthly subscription service.[13]
    • Iwanami library 225 Kōjien wo 3 bai tanoshimu ( nham sóng khoa học ライブラリー 225 quảng từ uyển を3 lần lặc しむ) (ISBN4-00-029625-6/ISBN978-4-00-029625-0): An essay on science of authors active in various fields.
      • ?th printing (2014-04-25)
  • Kōjien7th edition: Includes 10,000 new entries for total 250,000 entries. Dictionary book covers can also be personalized by the publisher.[14]
    • Preorder edition: Includes production booklet ( quảng từ uyển をつくるひと).[15]
      • 1st printing (2017-11-03)
    • Regular edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ( bình thường bản )) (ISBN978-4-00-080131-7):[16]1+1(index) volumes.
      • 1st printing (2018-01-12)
    • Desktop edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ( cơ thượng bản )) (ISBN978-4-00-080132-4):[17]B5 page size. 2+1(index) volumes.
      • 1st printing (2018-01-12)
    • 7th edition errata
      • 1st printing (2018-01-25): Corrected 2 dictionary entries of the 1st printing of the dictionary (LGBT,Shimanami Kaidou).[18]

By Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press

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  • Kōjien5th edition:
    • regular edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản ) (ISBN7-81-095442-3)
      • ?th printing (2006-10-01)
  • Kōjien 6th edition:
    • regular edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản ) (ISBN978-7-5446-2109-0)
      • ?th printing (2012-05-??)

Electronic edition by Casio

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  • Kōjien7th edition:
    • Casio EX-word electronic dictionary editions:[19][20]
      • XD-Z4800, XD-Z6500, XD-Z8500 (2018-01-19)
      • XD-Z20000 (2018-02-09)
      • XD-C400 (2018-07-11)[21]
      • XD-SR6500 (2019-01-25)
      • XD-SR20000 (2019-02-08)
      • XD-SX6500 (2020-01-24)[22]

Electronic edition by Keisokugiken corporation

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  • Kōjien6th edition: Based on 6th edition DVD-ROM version. Includes 7700 illustrations and graphs, 160 animations, 231 voice samples, 100 charts.[23][24][25]
    • iOS 2-3 edition
      • Version 1.0.1 (2009-04-24)
      • Version 1.0.2 (2009-06-25): Official iOS 3.0 support.
      • Version 1.0.3 (2009-07-17)
      • Version 2.0 (2010-04-16)
    • iOS 2-4 edition
      • Version 2.0.3 (2010-07-07)
    • iOS 3-4.x edition
      • Version 2.2.2 (2011-03-24)
      • Version 2.2.3 (2011-06-01)
    • iOS 3-5.x edition
      • Version 2.3 (2011-09-22)
      • Version 2.3.1 (2011-10-26)
      • Version 2.3.4 (2012-03-14)
    • iOS 4.2-6.0 edition
      • Version 2.3.8 (2012-10-25)
      • Version 2.3.9 (2012-11-19)
    • iOS 5.0-7 edition
      • Version 2.5 (2013-11-29)
      • Version 2.5.1 (2014-02-07)
      • Version 2.6 (2014-07-29)
    • iOS 5.0-8 edition
      • Version 2.6.2 (2014-10-06)
      • Version 2.6.4 (2015-05-18)
    • iOS 6.0-8, 32/64-bit edition
      • Version 2.7 (2015-09-14)
      • Version 2.7.2 (2015-11-17)
    • iOS 7 and above edition
      • Version 2.8 (2016-04-22)
      • Version 2.8.3 (2017-04-07)
    • iOS 7-11 edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản for iOS) (WWANN001A)
      • Version 2.8.5 (2017-10-13)
      • Version 2.8.6 (2017-10-24)
  • Kōjien6th edition (7th migration edition):
    • iOS 7-11 edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản 〔 đệ thất bản di chuyển bản 〕):[26]Automatically updated to 7th edition in 2017-01-08.
      • Version 2.8.5 (2017-10-25 - 2018-01-12)
  • Kōjien7th edition:
    • iOS 8-11 edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản for iOS) (WWANN002A): It is an automatic upgrade from 6th edition (7th migration edition). Includes 4500 photographs, 2800 graphs, 100 charts. Voice sample was not included.[27][28]
      • Version 2.9 (2018-01-12)
      • Version 2.9.1 (2018-01-29)

Electronic edition by LogoVista Corporation

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  • Kōjien7th edition:
    • Android 4-8 edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản )[29][30]
      • Version 1.0? (2018-01-22)
      • Version 1.1 (2018-01-29)
      • Version 1.2 (2018-01-30, Android 4.0.3)
      • Version 1.4 (LogoVista dictionary browser Ver.2)
      • Version 1.5 (2019-06-06): Android 9-10.0 support.
    • iOS 9 edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ):[31][32]Uses Shuei Mincho font by Morisawa Inc. Contents are delivered via LogoVista dictionary browser.
      • Version? (2018-01-12?)
      • Version 1.0.1 (LogoVista dictionary browser[check spelling]) (2018-03-07)
      • Version 1.0.2 (LogoVista dictionary browser) (2018-04-25): Dictionary text update (from errata 1?).
      • Version 1.0.5 (LogoVista dictionary browser) (2019-01-27)
      • Version 2.0 (LogoVista dictionary browser) (2019-02-11)
      • Version 2.0.8 (LogoVista dictionary browser) (2019-07-23): Dictionary contents update.
    • Windows/Mac OS edition:[33]Mac OS version supports Mac OS 10.9-10.13 for Intel Mac, Microsoft Office 2011. Windows version supports Windows 7-10, Internet Explorer 11, Microsoft Office 2007-2016, Ichitaro 2013-2017,.NET Framework 4 for Microsoft Office plugin. Uses LogoVista electronic dictionary browser.[34][35]
      • Windows/Mac OS DVD box edition ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ) (ISBN 494802251192-9)
        • Version? (2018-01-12)
      • Windows download version ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản for Win)
        • Version 1? (2018-01-12)
        • Version 3 (2018-01-29)
        • Version 4 (2018-02-08)
      • MacOS download version ( quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản for Mac)[36]
        • Version 1.0 (2018-01-11)
        • Version 1.0.1 (2018-01-29): Includes the errata update from the print edition.
        • Version 1.1 (2018-07-27): Dictionary contents update.
        • Version 1.1.1 (2019-03-10): Partial image size fix.
        • Version 1.2 (2019-05-29, Mac OS X 10.11 64-bit): Dictionary contents update.

Electronic edition by So-net Entertainment Corporation

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  • Kōjien5th edition:
    • Demo edition: Only limited search options are available.
    • Official version: It is a monthly subscription service.[37]

Japanese-Korean dictionaries

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By Amhbook/Amunhaksa

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  • Kōjien6th edition (Kojien, 6th edition JAPANESE-KOREAN DICTIONARY/ quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản ngày Hàn từ điển /고지엔 제6판 일한사전 전2권) (ISBN978-89-6184-277-8): B5 pages. 2 volumes.[38]
    • 1st printing (2012-11-09)

By DaolSoft, Co., Ltd.

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  • Kōjien6th edition
    • Android version ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản ngày Hàn từ điển (고지엔 일한사전))[39][40]
      • Version 1.0.3
      • Version 1.1.0
      • Version 1.1.2
      • Version 1.1.3
      • Version 1.1.4
      • Version 1.1.5 (2017-01-16, Android 2.2)
    • iOS version ( quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản ngày Hàn từ điển (고지엔 일한사전))[41][42]
      • Version 1.0 (2012-11-29)
      • Version 1.1 (2013-02-06, iOS 5.1 or later)
      • Version 1.2 (2014-10-07, iOS 5.1.1 or later)
      • Version 1.3 (2018-10-26, iOS 8.0 or later)
      • Version 1.3.1 (2019-07-07)

Lexicographical characteristics

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TheKōjien,like most Japanese dictionaries, writes headwords inhiraganasyllabary andcollatesthem ingojūon( "50 sounds" ) order. Baroni and Bialock (2005) describe theKōjienas "an old standard that gives extensive definitions, etymologies (as always take care with these), and variant usages for words, places, historical and literary figures, andfuriganafor difficult or old terms. "

This dictionary is notable for including current Japanesecatchphrasesandbuzzwords.For instance, the 4th edition addedfurītā(フリーター "a part-time worker by choice" ), which blends two loanwords:furī(フリー "free", from English, as infurīransuフリーランス "freelance" ) andarubaitā(アルバイター "part-time worker", from GermanArbeiter"worker" ).

TheKōjiendictionary had a censorship policy before it became politically correct (seekotobagari), and omittedtaboowords such as sexual slang or offensive terms. It includes encyclopedic information such as 2700 illustrations and maps, and mini-biographies of notable people (both living and dead foreigners, but only deceased Japanese). The appendices includeJapanese grammarnotes,kanjiwith difficult readings,Japanese calendarandGregorian calendarcharts, and lists ofgairaigoacronyms.

Gally (1999) says, "Koujienis a fine dictionary with a sterling reputation. Because it gives definitions in historical order, it is the best single-volume choice for people interested in how the meanings of words have changed over time. "However, he notes," In my experience as a translator of contemporary Japanese, though, I have foundKoujienless useful thanDaijirin."This criticism is based on his use of the fourth edition, though, and he concedes that later editions seem to have improved in this regard.

Kojien University

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As part of the publication ofKojien7th edition, Kojien University (Quảng từ uyển đại học) seminars were held in 2018-01-12 and 2018-01-14.[43]Second round of the seminars were planned in 2018-02-10.[44]

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ab“うざい” “いけ mặt” も lên sân khấu, quảng từ uyển １０ năm ぶり đặt lại(in Japanese).Yomiuri Shimbun.2007-10-23. Archived fromthe originalon 2007-10-25.Retrieved2007-10-24.
  2. ^ab"Taiwan objects to Kojien dictionary's definition of the independent island state".The Japan Times(in Japanese). The Japan Times, Ltd. 25 Dec 2017. Archived fromthe originalon 2017-12-25.Retrieved30 Nov2023.
  3. ^"Đài Loan sườn, “Quảng từ uyển” の tu chỉnh yêu cầu “Trung Hoa nhân dân nước cộng hoà の tỉnh” と の ghi lại “Lầm り” ".Sankei Shimbun(in Japanese). 2017-12-16.Archivedfrom the original on 2021-11-28.Retrieved2023-11-30.
  4. ^"Nham sóng hiệu sách “Quảng từ uyển” の Đài Loan に quan わる lầm nhớ に quan して ".Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japan(in Japanese). 2017-12-13.Archivedfrom the original on 2022-01-22.Retrieved2023-11-30.
  5. ^"Đọc giả の toàn dạng へ――『 quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản 』 “Đài Loan” に quan liền する hạng mục の ghi lại について ".Iwanami Shoten(in Japanese). Iwanami Shoten, Publishers. December 2017.Archivedfrom the original on 2022-06-18.Retrieved2023-11-30.
  6. ^"Nham sóng hiệu sách, quảng từ uyển の Đài Loan vật lưu niệm “Lầm りではない” Đài Loan sườn は “Tiếc nuối” cho thấy ".Sankei Shimbun(in Japanese). 2017-12-23.Archivedfrom the original on 2023-10-03.Retrieved2023-11-30.
  7. ^Reiji Yoshida (November 30, 2017)."'Honey trap' and 'selfie' added to Japan's Kojien dictionary ".Japan Times.Archivedfrom the original on 17 January 2018.Retrieved17 January2018.
  8. ^"Đệ thất bản の sở trường đặc biệt".Iwanami Shoten(in Japanese). Iwanami Shoten, Publishers.Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-01.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  9. ^"Ngang đại Nhật Bản ( 192 ) 《 quảng từ uyển 》 đệ 7 bản sắp đưa ra thị trường".Nikkei Chinese(in Chinese (China)). 2017-11-14.Archivedfrom the original on 2018-01-31.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  10. ^"Top Japanese Dictionary Includes the Term 'LGBT', Carelessly Misdefines It".Asahi Shimbun Digital.2018-01-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2018-02-15.Retrieved17 January2018.
  11. ^"Publisher of Japan's most authoritative dictionary corrects definition of LGBT".The Japan Times.The Japan Times, Ltd. 29 January 2018.Archivedfrom the original on 7 July 2023.Retrieved7 July2023.
  12. ^"Windows Vistaで の インストールエラーに quan するご án nội".Archivedfrom the original on 2017-01-24.Retrieved2017-01-24.
  13. ^"モバイル bản 『 quảng từ uyển 』".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-02-25.Retrieved2020-02-25.
  14. ^"“あなた の khí cầm ちが vân わる đặc biệt な quảng từ uyển” ".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-01.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  15. ^"Quyển sách nhỏ “Quảng từ uyển をつくるひと” ( kho sách phán ) ".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-01.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  16. ^Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ( bình thường bản ).Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-01.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  17. ^Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ( cơ thượng bản ).Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-01.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  18. ^"『 quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản 』 đọc giả の toàn dạng へ――".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-01.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  19. ^"Anh kiểm ® đối sách コンテンツを cường hóa した cao giáo sinh モデルなど4 cơ loại mới nhất の “Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản” を thâu lục した điện tử sách tra cứu ".Archived fromthe originalon 2018-02-02.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  20. ^"Thấy やすさ・ sử いやすさが tiến hóa した điện tử sách tra cứu" EX-word "".Archived fromthe originalon 2020-02-24.Retrieved2020-02-24.
  21. ^"“Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản” を thâu lục した loại nhỏ điện tử sách tra cứu ".Archived fromthe originalon 2020-02-24.Retrieved2020-02-24.
  22. ^"Tiếng Anh học tập コンテンツを cường hóa した cao giáo sinh hướng け điện tử sách tra cứu など13 cơ loại".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-02-24.Retrieved2020-02-24.
  23. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản 【 nham sóng hiệu sách 】(ONESWING)".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-10-01.Retrieved2020-02-25.
  24. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản for iOS iPhone/iPod touch/iPad dùng quốc ngữ từ điển".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-02-25.Retrieved2020-02-25.
  25. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ／ quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản 〔 đệ thất bản di chuyển bản 〕 for iOS サポート tình báo".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-02-25.Retrieved2020-02-25.
  26. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ／ quảng từ uyển đệ lục bản 〔 đệ thất bản di chuyển bản 〕 for iOS サポート tình báo".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-01-31.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  27. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản 【 nham sóng hiệu sách 】(ONESWING)".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-11-12.Retrieved2020-02-25.
  28. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản for iOS iPhone/iPod touch/iPad dùng quốc ngữ từ điển".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-02-25.Retrieved2020-02-25.
  29. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản ( tân thôn ra biên nham sóng hiệu sách )".Archivedfrom the original on 2020-12-02.Retrieved2020-02-24.
  30. ^"LogoVista | Androidアプリ | quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản".Archived fromthe originalon 2018-02-12.Retrieved2018-02-11.
  31. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản".iTunes.Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-12.Retrieved2020-02-24.
  32. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-15.Retrieved2018-02-15.
  33. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-12.Retrieved2018-02-11.
  34. ^"LogoVista điện tử từ điển アップデート".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-12.Retrieved2018-02-11.
  35. ^"LogoVista điện tử từ điển シリーズ アップデート".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-12.Retrieved2018-02-11.
  36. ^"Quảng từ uyển đệ thất bản".29 May 2019.Archivedfrom the original on 2020-02-24.Retrieved2020-02-24.
  37. ^Quảng từ uyển đệ ngũ bản
  38. ^"고지엔 제6판 일한사전(전2권)".Archivedfrom the original on 2023-05-09.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  39. ^"Quảng từ uyển ngày Hàn từ điển (고지엔 일한사전)".Archivedfrom the original on 2023-05-20.Retrieved2018-02-11.
  40. ^"Quảng từ uyển ngày Hàn từ điển (고지엔 일한사전) (1.1.2)".Archivedfrom the original on 2022-03-14.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  41. ^"Quảng từ uyển ngày Hàn từ điển".iTunes.Archivedfrom the original on 2018-02-01.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  42. ^"Quảng từ uyển ngày Hàn từ điển (고지엔 일한사전) (1.2)".Archivedfrom the original on 2022-03-27.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  43. ^"ついに bắt đầu bài giảng! Đệ 1 hồi “Quảng từ uyển đại học” レポート! さらに phát hành kỷ niệm として『 quảng từ uyển 』グッズプレゼント! ".25 January 2018.Archivedfrom the original on 2024-05-03.Retrieved2018-01-31.
  44. ^"Quảng từ uyển đại học, bắt đầu bài giảng!".Archivedfrom the original on 2018-01-31.Retrieved2018-01-31.

Sources

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