Klaus von Klitzing(German:[klaʊ̯sfɔnˈklɪ.t͡sɪŋ],born 28 June 1943,Schroda) is a German physicist, known for discovery of theinteger quantum Hall effect,for which he was awarded the 1985Nobel Prize in Physics.[3][4]
Klaus von Klitzing | |
|---|---|
 Klitzing in 2015 | |
| Born | 28 June 1943 |
| Nationality | German |
| Known for | Quantum Hall effect[2] |
| Awards |
|
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics |
| Website | www |
Education
editIn 1962, Klitzing passed theAbiturat theArtland-GymnasiuminQuakenbrück,Germany, before studying physics at theBraunschweig University of Technology,where he received his diploma in 1969. He continued his studies at theUniversity of Würzburgat the chair ofGottfried Landwehr,completing his PhD thesis entitledGalvanomagnetic Properties of Tellurium in Strong Magnetic Fieldsin 1972, and gaininghabilitationin 1978.
Research and career
editDuring his career Klitzing has worked at theClarendon Laboratoryat theUniversity of Oxfordand the Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory in France (nowLNCMI), where he continued to work until becoming a professor at theTechnical University of Munichin 1980. He has been a director of theMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchinStuttgartsince 1985.[5]
Thevon Klitzing constant,RK=h/e2=25812.80745... Ω,[6]is named in honor of Klaus von Klitzing's discovery of thequantum Hall effect,and is listed in theNational Institute of Standards and TechnologyReference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty.The inverse of the constant is equal to half the value of theconductance quantum.
More recently,[when?]Klitzing's research focuses on the properties of low-dimensional electronic systems, typically in low temperatures and in highmagnetic fields.
Honours and awards
editVon Klitzing has won numerous awards and honours including:
- 1981Walter Schottky Prize
- 1982EPS Europhysics Prize
- 1982Hewlett-PackardPrize[citation needed]
- 1985Nobel Prize in Physics
- 1985 Directorate for life at theMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research
- 1986 Golden Plate Award of theAmerican Academy of Achievement[7]
- 1986Order of Merit of Baden-Württemberg
- 1988 Honorary Doctorate from theTechnical University of Karl-Marx-Stadt
- 1988Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
- 1988Dirac Medal and Lectureof theUniversity of New South Wales
- 1992 Honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) from theUniversity of Bath[8]
- 1999 Honorary Member of theGerman Physical Society
- 2003 Elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS)[1]
- 2005Carl Friedrich GaussMedal of the Brunswick Scientific Society[9]
- 2006 Honorary Doctorate of theUniversity of Oldenburg
- 2007 Member of theChinese Academy of Sciences
- 2007 Member of thePontifical Academy of Sciences
- 2009Austrian Decoration for Science and Art[10]
- 2012 Distinguished Affiliated Professor at theTechnical University of Munich
- 2016 Honoris Causa Doctorate of theUniversidad Nacional de San Martín[11]
- 2019Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts[12]
- Professor von Klitzing Strasse inQuakenbrückand Klaus von Klitzing Strasse inLandauare named after von Klitzing
- 2019 Fray International Sustainability Award given at SIPS 2019 by FLOGEN Star Outreach[13]
References
edit- ^ab"Professor Klaus von Klitzing ForMemRS".Royal Society.
- ^Klitzing, K. v.; Dorda, G.; Pepper, M. (1980)."New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall Resistance".Physical Review Letters.45(6). American Physical Society: 494–497.Bibcode:1980PhRvL..45..494K.doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.494.
- ^"The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985".Nobel Media AB 2014.Retrieved28 April2018.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985 was awarded to Klaus von Klitzing "for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect".
- ^"Klaus von Klitzing".nobel-winners. 2003.Retrieved28 April2018.
- ^K. von Klitzing; G. Dorda; M. Pepper (1980)."New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall".Physical Review Letters.45(6): 494–497.Bibcode:1980PhRvL..45..494K.doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.494.
- ^"2022 CODATA Value: von Klitzing constant".The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty.NIST.May 2024.Retrieved18 May2024.
- ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement".achievement.org.American Academy of Achievement.
- ^"Honorary graduates, 1990 to 1999".University of Bath.Retrieved28 April2018.
- ^"Preisträger/innen"(in German). Braunschweigische Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft. Archived fromthe originalon 1 November 2017.Retrieved28 April2018.
2005: Klaus von Klitzing, Dr. rer. nat., Dr. h. c. mult., Professor für Festkörperphysik, Direktor am Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart, Honorarprofessor an der Universität Stuttgart
- ^"10542/AB XXIV. GP – Anfragebeantwortung"(PDF)(in German). 23 April 2012. p. 1841.Retrieved28 April2018.
- ^"Doctorado Honoris Causa".unsam.edu.ar(in Spanish). Noticias UNSAM. 17 November 2016.Retrieved15 June2022.
- ^"Orden Pour le mérite wählt neue Mitglieder".bundesregierung.de(in German). Presse- und Informationsamt der Bundesregierung. 2019.Retrieved3 August2019.
- ^"Klaus von Klitzing winner of the Fray Award".
External links
edit
- Klaus von Klitzingon Nobelprize.orgincluding the Nobel Lecture, 9 December 1985The Quantized Hall Effect
