Kovin(Serbian Cyrillic:Ковин,Hungarian:Kevevára) is a town and municipality located in theSouth Banat Districtof the autonomous province ofVojvodina,Serbia.The town has a population of 11,623, while the municipality has 28,141 inhabitants (2022 census).
Kovin
Ковин(Serbian) | |
|---|---|
   From top: Serbian Orthodox Church, The Saint Teresa of Avila Catholic Church, Ruins of Kovin fortress | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Kovin within Serbia | |
| Coordinates:44°45′N20°58′E/ 44.750°N 20.967°E | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Province |  Vojvodina |
| District | South Banat |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Violeta Ocokoljić(SNS) |
| Area | |
| • Town | 96.72 km2(37.34 sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 738.30 km2(285.06 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 68 m (223 ft) |
| Population (2022 census)[1] | |
| • Town | 11,623 |
| • Town density | 120/km2(310/sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 28,141 |
| • Municipality density | 38/km2(99/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1(CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2(CEST) |
| Postal code | 26220, 26221, 26223 |
| Area code | +381(0)13 |
| Car plates | KO |
| Website | http:// kovin.org.rs/ |
Other names
editInRomanian,the town is known asCuvin,inHungarianasKeveváraor (until 1899)Temeskubin,and inGermanasKubinorTemeschkubin.In the past, the town was also known asDonji Kovin( "Lower Kovin" ) in contrast to the town with same name inHungarythat was known inSerbianasGornji Kovin( "Upper Kovin" ) and in Hungarian asRáckeve( "the Serb Kovin" ).
History
editTheDaciantribe ofAlbocensesdwelled in this area in the second century AD.[2]There are remains of the ancientRomanfortresscalledContra Margum,opposite to theMargum,a fortress on the other side of the Danube. In the ninth and tenth centuries, this area was populated bySlavsandRomanians[3]andVoivodeGladruled over the region. Glad was defeated by theHungarians,and the area was included into the medievalKingdom of Hungary.In the 11th century, one of the descendants of Glad,Ahtum,ruled over the region but he, too, was defeated by the Hungarians.
The earliest mention of the settlement was in 1071 asKeuee.Kovin is mentioned in the 12th century as a seat of the county, which included most of the westernBanat.Since the 14th century, the city has had a largeSerbpopulation that escaped there fromSerbiaunder threat by theOttomans.The Serbian despotLazar Brankovićtook control over the city in 1457, but in the next year it came again under control of the Kingdom of Hungary.
In the 16th century, the city was included in theOttoman Empireand became a part of the OttomanProvince of Temeşvar.During the Ottoman rule (16th-17th century), Kovin was mostly populated by ethnicSerbs.In 1716, it became part of theHabsburg monarchyand belonged to the HabsburgBanat of Temeswaruntil 1751 when it became part of the HabsburgMilitary Frontier(Banat Krajina).
In 1848/1849, Kovin was part of theSerbian Voivodship,but in 1849 it was again placed under administration of the Military Frontier. With the abolishment of the Military Frontier in 1873, Kovin was incorporated intoTemes countywithin theKingdom of Hungary.According to the 1910 census, Kovin District had a population of 35,482, of whom 21,795 spokeSerbian,6,587German,5,705Romanian,and 5,355Hungarian.[4]
This town had a significant role in the outbreak ofWorld War I.[5]In July 1914, a purported military skirmish here was a proximate cause of the declaration of war against Serbia byFranz Joseph I of Austria,but the report of such skirmish was apparently false, or greatly exaggerated.[5]
In 1918, Kovin became part of theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes(renamed toYugoslaviain 1929). Between 1918 and 1922, it was part of Banat county; between 1922 and 1929 part of the Podunavska oblast; and between 1929 and 1941 part of theDanube Banovina.Between 1941 and 1944, Kovin was underAxisoccupation and was part of the autonomousBanatregion withinGerman-occupied Serbia.The town was heavily bombed by theAlliesin 1944.[6]In 1945, it became part of the Socialist Autonomous Province ofVojvodinawithin the Socialist Republic ofSerbiaand theSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.In 1992, Kovin became part of theFederal Republic of Yugoslavia,which was in 2003 transformed into the state union ofSerbia and Montenegro.Since 2006, the town is part of an independentSerbia.
Inhabited places
editKovin municipality includes the town of Kovin and the following villages:
- Bavanište
- Gaj
- Deliblato
- Dubovac
- Malo Bavanište
- Mramorak
- Pločica
- Skorenovac(Hungarian:Székelykeve)
- Šumarak
There is also this unofficial settlement in municipality:
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 35,465 | — |
| 1953 | 38,061 | +1.42% |
| 1961 | 39,994 | +0.62% |
| 1971 | 39,808 | −0.05% |
| 1981 | 39,843 | +0.01% |
| 1991 | 38,263 | −0.40% |
| 2002 | 36,802 | −0.35% |
| 2011 | 33,722 | −0.97% |
| 2022 | 28,141 | −1.63% |
| Source:[7] | ||
According to the 2011 census, the total population of the municipality of Kovin was 33,722 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
edit- Municipality
| Year | Population | Serbs | Germans | Romanians | Hungarians | Croats | Romani | Slovaks | Rest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 34,034 | 45.52% | 19.30% | 16.65% | 15.64% | 0.09% | 1.28% | 0.12% | 1.70% |
| 1931 | 35,600 | 50.66% | 20.68% | n/d | 13.0% | n/d | n/d | n/d | 15.64% |
| 1961 | 39,994 | 73.1% | n/d | 17.6% | 13.59% | n/d | 0.04% | 0.14% | 5.27% |
| 1991 | 38,263 | 73.53% | 0.20% | 4.54% | 10.28% | 0.39% | 2.47% | 0.05% | 8.54% |
| 2002 | 36,802 | 76.75% | 0.13% | 3.7% | 9.26% | 0.3% | 3.1% | 0.11% | 7.44% |
| 2011[8] | 33,722 | 74.58% | 0.14% | 3.47% | 8.90% | 0.19% | 4.5% | 0.04% | 8.18% |
Settlements with a Serb ethnic majority are: Kovin, Bavanište, Gaj, Deliblato, Dubovac, Malo Bavanište, Mramorak, and Pločica. Skorenovac has a Hungarian ethnic majority. Šumarak is an ethnically mixed settlement with a relative Hungarian majority.
- Town
| Year | Total | Serbs | Hungarians | Romanians | Romani | Montenegrins | Yugoslavs | Macedonians | Rest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 13,669 | 76.19% | 6.78% | 3.47% | 1.40% | 1.67% | 6.81% | 0.76% | 2.21% |
| 2002 | 14,250 | 80.79% | 5.51% | 2.93% | 2.00% | 0.92% | 1.26% | 0.50% | 6.09% |
| 2011[8] | 13,515 | 79.22% | 5.18% | 2.60% | 2.40% | 0.50% | 0.43% | 0.50% | 9.17% |
Economy
editThe following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[9]
| Activity | Total |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 557 |
| Mining and quarrying | 114 |
| Manufacturing | 1,372 |
| Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 50 |
| Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 113 |
| Construction | 325 |
| Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 824 |
| Transportation and storage | 214 |
| Accommodation and food services | 173 |
| Information and communication | 49 |
| Financial and insurance activities | 57 |
| Real estate activities | 9 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 174 |
| Administrative and support service activities | 187 |
| Public administration and defense; compulsory social security | 291 |
| Education | 408 |
| Human health and social work activities | 755 |
| Arts, entertainment and recreation | 64 |
| Other service activities | 103 |
| Individual agricultural workers | 570 |
| Total | 6,411 |
Twin cities
edit
Ráckeve,Hungary
See also
editReferences
edit- ^"Census 2022: Total population, by municipalities and cities".popis2022.stat.gov.rs.
- ^Ptolemy's Geographia
- ^Anonymus, Gesta Hungarorum, Mentor Publishers, 2000, p.120,ISBN973-98955-9-X
- ^“Temes County”,talmamedia.
- ^abManfried, Rauchensteiner.The First World War and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914-1918,p. 27(Böhlau Verlag,Vienna, 2014).
- ^Serbs were not specially chosen as targetsArchived2011-07-25 at theWayback Machine,Danas
- ^"2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia"(PDF).stat.gov.rs.Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.Retrieved19 March2017.
- ^ab"Population by ethnicity – Kovin".Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS).Retrieved28 February2013.
- ^"MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA, 2019"(PDF).stat.gov.rs.Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.25 December 2019.Retrieved28 December2019.
- Jovan Erdeljanović, Srbi u Banatu, Novi Sad, 1992.
- Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996.
External links
edit