TheLuolishaniidae[5]orLuolishaniida[Note 1]are a group ofCambrianandOrdovician[6]lobopodianswith anterior 5 or 6 pairs of setiferous lobopods.[1][3][2]Mostluolishaniidsalso have posterior lobopods each with a hooked claws, and thorn-shaped sclerites arranged as three or more per trunk segment.[4][1][2]The type genus is based onLuolishanialongicrurisHou and Chen, 1989, from theCheng gian g Lagerstatte,South China.[5]They are presumed to have beenbenthicsuspension or filter feeders.[4][1][3][2]
| Luolishaniidae Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Collinsovermis(1),Luolishania(=Miraluolishania,2),Ovatiovermis(3) andFacivermis(4) | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| (unranked): | Panarthropoda |
| Phylum: | †"Lobopodia" |
| Clade: | †Hallucishaniids |
| Family: | †Luolishaniidae |
| Genera | |
New specimens of the previously Enigma ticFacivermisshow that it was a sessile tube-dweller, and part of this group.[3]
A 2023 analysis concluded, on the basis of numerous morphological similarities, that luolishaniids might be the closest known relatives oftardigrades.[7]
Notes
edit- ^Caron & Aria (2020) elevated this group to the rank of order Luolishaniida, while also naming new familyCollinsovermidaewithin that order, containing the generaAcinocricus,CollinsiumandCollinsovermis.[2]
References
edit- ^abcdYang, Jie; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Gerber, Sylvain; Butterfield, Nicholas J.; Hou, Jin-bo; Lan, Tian; Zhang, Xi-guang (2015-07-14)."A superarmored lobopodian from the Cambrian of China and early disparity in the evolution of Onychophora".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.112(28): 8678–8683.Bibcode:2015PNAS..112.8678Y.doi:10.1073/pnas.1505596112.ISSN0027-8424.PMC4507230.PMID26124122.
- ^abcdeJean-Bernard Caron; Cédric Aria (2020). "The Collins' monster, a spinous suspension-feeding lobopodian from the Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia".Palaeontology.63(6): 979–994.Bibcode:2020Palgy..63..979C.doi:10.1111/pala.12499.S2CID225593728.;Jean-Bernard Caron; Cédric Aria (2020)."Corrigendum: The Collins' monster, a spinous suspension-feeding lobopodian from the Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia".Palaeontology.63(6): 995–996.Bibcode:2020Palgy..63..995C.doi:10.1111/pala.12509.
- ^abcdeHoward, Richard J.; Hou, Xianguang; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Salge, Tobias; Shi, Xiaomei; Ma, Xiaoya (February 2020)."A Tube-Dwelling Early Cambrian Lobopodian".Current Biology.30(8): 1529–1536.e2.Bibcode:2020CBio...30E1529H.doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.01.075.PMID32109391.
- ^abcMa, Xiaoya; Hou, Xianguang; Bergström, Jan (2009-07-01)."Morphology ofLuolishania longicruris(Lower Cambrian, Cheng gian g Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians ".Arthropod Structure & Development.38(4): 271–291.Bibcode:2009ArtSD..38..271M.doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.03.001.ISSN1467-8039.PMID19293001.
- ^abHou, X.; Bergström, J. A. N. (1995). "Cambrian lobopodians-ancestors of extant onychophorans?".Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.114:3–19.doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00110.x.
- ^Ou, Qiang; Mayer, Georg (2018-09-20)."A Cambrian unarmoured lobopodian, †Lenisambulatrix humboldti gen. et sp. nov., compared with new material of †Diania cactiformis".Scientific Reports.8(1): 13667.Bibcode:2018NatSR...813667O.doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31499-y.ISSN2045-2322.PMC6147921.PMID30237414.
- ^Kihm, Ji-Hoon; Smith, Frank W.; Kim, Sanghee; Rho, Hyun Soo; Zhang, Xingliang; Liu, Jianni; Park, Tae-Yoon S. (2023)."Cambrian lobopodians shed light on the origin of the tardigrade body plan".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.120(28): e2211251120.Bibcode:2023PNAS..12011251K.doi:10.1073/pnas.2211251120.PMC10334802.PMID37399417.
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