Wikipedia

Marathon swimming

Marathon swimmingis a class ofopen water swimmingdefined by long distances, with 10 kilometers (6.21 miles) being the unofficially held minimum distance. Routes are typically geographically based or buoy based. Geographical routes include crossings of channels and lakes, circumnavigations of islands, and stretches of coast lines or rivers. Buoy-routes are mainly found in competition events.

FINA 10K WorldCup2009 Copenhagen

For the organized sporting contest, e.g. at the Olympics, seeOpen water swimming.For long-distance swimming, seeLong-distance swimming.

Perhaps the most famous route in marathon swimming crosses theEnglish Channel,first accomplished in 1875 byCaptain Matthew Webbin 21h:45m. The first woman to complete the crossing wasGertrude Ederle14h:39m in 1926 as a 19 year old, thereby setting a new fastest known time by 1h:54m by employing thecrawl stroketechnique.

Finish times for routes are highly dependent on environmental conditions and cultural context. Environmental factors include water temperature, tides, surface currents, and wind-chop. Cultural factors include swim direction, allowed equipment and swimmer assistance. These may be established by route convention (e.g. English Channel), by event organizers, or by personal goals, with Marathon Swimmers Federation rules often used as a foundation. Since environmental and cultural factors can vary dramatically, comparisons of finish times are often debatable.

TheTriple Crown of Open Water Swimmingcomprises three marathon swims: (1) 21 mi (34 kilometers) across theEnglish Channel,(2) 20.1 mi (32.3 kilometers) betweenCatalina Islandand the mainland in Southern California, USA, and (3) 28.5 mi (45.9 kilometers) aroundManhattan Islandin New York City, USA. The first known completion of triple was in 1987 byAlison StreeterMBE of English Channel fame.

TheOcean's sevencomprises seven channel swims: (1)North Channelbetween Ireland and Scotland, (2)Cook Straitbetween the North and South Islands of New Zealand, (3)Molokai Channelbetween Oahu and Molokai Islands in Hawaii, (4)English Channelbetween England and France, (5) Catalina Channel between Santa Catalina Island and Southern California, (6)Tsugaru Straitbetween the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido in Japan, and (7)Strait of Gibraltarbetween Europe and Africa. The first known completion of the septet was in 2012 by Steve Redmond of Ireland.

In theOlympic Games,themarathon swimming eventdistance is 10 kilometers (6.21 miles).[1]

Solo swims

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Group swims

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See also

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References

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  1. ^"olympic.org 10 km marathon swim".
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