Wikipedia

Mark Levin

Not to be confused withMike Levin.

For his show, seeThe Mark Levin Show.For the American film director and screenwriter, seeMark Levin (director).For people with a similar name, seeMark Levine (disambiguation).

Mark Reed Levin(/ləˈvɪn/;born September 21, 1957) is an American broadcast news analyst, columnist, lawyer, political commentator,radio personality,and writer. He is the host ofsyndicated radio showThe Mark Levin Show,as well asLife, Liberty & LevinonFox News.Levin worked in theadministrationof PresidentRonald Reaganand was a chief of staff for Attorney GeneralEdwin Meese.He is the former president of theLandmark Legal Foundation,an author of seven books, and contributor to media outlets such asNational Review Online.Since 2015, Levin has been editor-in-chief of theConservative Review[1]and is known for his incendiary commentary.[2]

Mark Levin
Levin speaking atTurning Point USA,2019
Born
Mark Reed Levin

(1957-09-21)September 21, 1957(age 67)
Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,U.S.
EducationTemple University Ambler(BA)
Temple University(JD)
Occupation(s)Broadcast news analyst, columnist, political commentator, radio personality, writer
AwardsNational Radio Hall of Fame
WebsiteOfficial website

He has been described as "right-wing" byThe New York Times,CNN,NPR,andPolitico.[3][4][5][6]He is known for his strident criticisms ofDemocratsand encouragement of primary challenges to congressionalRepublicansthat he considers to be "Republican In Name Only"(RINO). He endorsedTed Cruzin the2016 Republican Party presidential primariesand declared himself "Never Trump",but reluctantly endorsedDonald Trumpafter he won the Republican nomination.[7]Since the start of thefirst Trump presidency,Levin's commentary has become pro-Trump.[8]

Early life and education

Mark Reed Levin, one of three boys, was born inPhiladelphiato a Jewish family,[9]and grew up inErdenheimas well asElkins Park.His father, Jack E. Levin (1925–2018), authored several books.[10]He graduated fromCheltenham High Schoolafter three years, in 1974.[11][12]Skipping his senior year of high school, Levin enrolled atTemple University Amblerand graduatedmagna cum laudeandPhi Beta Kappawith aB.A.in Political Science in 1977 at age 19.[12][13]Later in 1977, Levin won election to the Cheltenham school board on a platform of reducingproperty taxes.[12]In 1980, Levin earned aJ.D.fromTemple University School of Law.[14]

Levin worked forTexas Instrumentsafter law school.[12]Beginning in 1981, Levin worked in the administration of PresidentRonald Reagan.Levin began atACTION,the federal agency that oversawVISTAand other volunteer agencies, before serving as deputy assistant secretary forelementary and secondary educationat theU.S. Department of Educationand deputy solicitor of theU.S. Department of the Interior.He ultimately became chief of staff toAttorney GeneralEdwin Meese.[15]

After leaving theReagan administration,Levin practiced law in the private sector. In 1991, Levin joined public interest law firmLandmark Legal Foundation.[16][17][18][19]At Landmark, Levin served as director of legal policy and the foundation's Washington-based Center for Civil Rights before becoming president in 1997.[20][21][22]Under Levin's presidency, Landmark Legal filed a complaint with theFederal Election Commissionin 2000 alleging that theNational Education Association,the largest teachers' union in the U.S., did not disclose spending on political activity inInternal Revenue Servicedocumentation.[23]Landmark Legal also filed similar complaints with theUnited States Department of Laborin 2002 regarding NEA and political activity; by 2006, the NEA and smallerAmerican Federation of Teachershad filed new documents with the Labor Department revealing over $100 million combined in political action spending.[24]

FollowingFreedom of Information Actrequests in August 2012 of documents that would show ifEnvironmental Protection Agencyofficials sought to delay regulations until after the2012 presidential election,federal judgeRoyce Lamberthruled in 2015 that although Landmark Legal did not establish that the EPA acted in bad faith, the EPA either carelessly or intentionally neglected Landmark's FOIA request.[25]Lamberth previously ruled in 2013 that the EPA might have attempted to evade Landmark's FOIA request.[26]

In 2001, theAmerican Conservative Unionawarded Levin its Ronald Reagan Award for his work with Landmark Legal.[27][28] Politicoreported in 2014 that Levin received a salary of more than $300,000 per year as president of the non-profitLandmark Legal Foundation,whose donors include the Sarah Scaife Foundation, the Charles G. Koch Charitable Foundation and ExxonMobil.[29]In 2018, Levin stepped down as president of Landmark Legal but remained on its board of directors.[30]

Radio broadcasting

See also:The Mark Levin Show
Levin speaks at the 2011 Defending the American Dream Conference hosted byAmericans for Prosperity

Levin began his broadcasting career as a guest on conservative talk radio programs. For many years, he was a contributor of legal opinions toThe Rush Limbaugh Show,[31]appearing more regularly as theMonica Lewinsky scandaldeveloped. About this time,Sean Hannitybecame aware of him, and he began to feature in Hannity's radio show.[15]Eventually, Levin gained a radio slot of his own onWABC,initially on Sundays beginning in 2002, then in the timeslot following Hannity's program in 2003.Cumulus Media Networksbegan syndicatingThe Mark Levin Shownationally in 2006.[15][32][33]

Levin has participated inFreedom Concerts,an annual benefit concert to aid families of fallen soldiers, and uses his radio program to promote aid to military families.[34]Levin is also involved withMove America Forward,a charity that sends care packages to soldiers serving overseas.[35]

On February 11, 2016, Levin signed a ten-year contract extension with Westwood One, which will take his show through 2025, its 19th year.[36]

On November 16, 2018, he was inducted into theNational Radio Hall of Fame.[37]

Television shows

Since 2014, Levin has been the founding editor-in-chief ofConservative Review,a multi-platform online television network that later merged withGlenn Beck's terrestrial network TheBlaze in 2018 to formBlaze Media.Programs airing on the network includeLevin,Roaming Millennial,Truth Be Told,Allie,In the Woods with Phil,Kibbe on Liberty,Louder with Crowder,America Bolling,and more.

In November 2017,Fox Newsannounced that it had signed Levin for a weekend show titledLife, Liberty & Levinto air on Sunday nights beginning in February 2018.[38]According to a pre-debut network news release, the program's intention was to explore "the fundamental values and principles undergirding American society, culture, politics, and current events, and their relevance to the nation's future and everyday lives of citizens."[39]Episodes feature one or two guests for the hour-long program discussing political events, news, and history. In September 2023, Fox News announced that Levin's show would air new episodes on Saturdays as well as its usual Sunday timeslot, starting on September 16.[40]

Writer

Levin wrote the 2005 bookMen In Black: How The Supreme Court Is Destroying America,in which he advanced his thesis thatactivist judgeson theSupreme Court(from all parts of the political spectrum) have "legislated from the bench".Commentarymagazine'sDan Seligmanwrote that Levin asks readers "to identify with 'originalists' who look to the text of the Constitution and the intent of its framers, and to reject the 'activists' who construe the Constitution broadly and are more concerned with getting to their own 'desired outcomes' ".[41]Slatemagazine'sDahlia Lithwickwrote that "no serious scholar of the court or the Constitution, on the ideological left or right, is going to waste their time engaging Levin's arguments once they've read this book".[42]

Rescuing Sprite: A Dog Lover's Story of Joy and Anguishis a non-fiction work written by Levin in 2007 about his experience of rescuing a dog named Sprite from a local animal shelter.[43]

Liberty and Tyranny: A Conservative Manifestowas released in 2009, and became a#1New York Timesbest sellerfor eleven of twelve weeks,[44]as well as No. 1 on Nielsen BookScan and No. 2 onAmazon's list of bestselling books of 2009.[45]The book includes discussion of issues Levin believes need to be addressed in the United States. InLiberty and TyrannyLevin repudiates the use of the term "progressive" to describe "modern Liberals", and argues that "statist" would instead be a proper term.Liberty and Tyrannyhas sold over one million copies according toThreshold Editions,the book's publisher.[46]Andrew C. McCarthy,inThe New Criterion,wrote, "Levin offers not so much a defense as a plan of attack" against "America's Leftist ascendancy".[47]Other reviewers critiqued the book as "analysis utterly useless in understanding more than half of the American political landscape" while opining that "Levin resorts to the same old misinformation to sell his brand of conservatism".[48][49]

Ameritopia: The Unmaking of Americawas issued in 2012. InAmeritopia,Levin discusses the origins and development of both the modern day conservative and liberal political philosophies, the latter of which he refers to as "statist",through the works of some of the leading figures in American history.[50]Included are commentaries on works byPlato,Sir Thomas More,Thomas Hobbes,Karl Marx,John Locke,Charles de MontesquieuandAlexis de Tocqueville.[51]Conor Friedersdorf's review, published inThe Atlantic,criticized the text's argument thatstatismis based onutopianism,[51]andCarlin Romano,inThe Chronicle of Higher Education,wrote that "Ameritopiais reallyAmeritastrophe.It's disastrously bad from beginning to end. "[52]

In Levin's 2013 bookThe Liberty Amendments: Restoring the American Republiche suggests eleven newConstitutional amendments.The book debuted at #1 onThe New York TimesBest Seller list.[53]Hans A. von SpakovskyofNational Review Onlinecalled the book "required reading for conservative bloggers".[54]Ana Marie Cox,writing inThe Guardian,said the book "contains some radical notions about a complete overhaul of the US constitution, but to debate the specifics of their merits is to ignore the larger insanity of the project" while noting "the ludicrousness of his specific 'fixes' and the near-impossibility of achieving them".[55]Also inThe Washington Times,Richard W. Rahnwrote, "IfThe Liberty Amendmentscan help foster a national debate about which corrective actions, including constitutional amendments, are needed to increase liberty and prosperity, Mr. Levin will have performed a great national service ".[56]Hoover InstitutionfellowDavid Davenportwrote inForbesthat Levin's book used "weak arguments".[57][58]

Levin'sPlunder and Deceit: Big Government's Exploitation of Young People and the Futurewas published in 2015,[59]andRediscovering Americanism and the Tyranny of Progressivismin 2017.

Levin and Ted Cruz at the 2017CPACconference

Levin'sUnfreedom of the Press,which was released on May 21, 2019, became the number one best-selling book onAmazonthree days before its official release, as a result of pre-order sales.Unfreedom of the Pressalso became aNew York Times#1 best-selleron June 6, 2019, in the combined print & e-book nonfiction and hardcover nonfiction categories.[60][61][62]Lloyd Green was critical of the book inThe Guardianwriting that the book "is not exactly fan fiction but it can get ahead of itself when discussing the special counsel's conclusions, ending up sounding like the 'fake news' the author and Trump both purport to abhor."[63]Annalisa Quinn, writing forNPR,stated: "the book is largely filler. Quotations and paraphrasing make up the majority of the book's central chapters. Lengthy and irrelevant block quotes from historians about, say, colonial printing practices... give the book the air of a padded student essay."[64]Quinn also wrote, "[Levin] conducts no interviews, presents no original research, and visits no newsrooms", and "When Levin does offer his own analysis, it can approach parody."[64]On June 8, 2019, Levin appeared on C-SPAN2'sBook TVto discussUnfreedom of the Press,"in which he argued that the press has lowered its standards in providing objective and trustworthy journalism."[65]

In 2021, Levin publishedAmerican Marxism,a book written in reaction to the events that have transpired so far in 2021 and also seeks to characterize the Marxist attributes of the American Left.[66][67][68][69]As of November 14, 2021, the book had spent 16 weeks on theNew York TimesBestseller Listfor nonfiction.[70]

Political views

A 2016 study which sought to measure incendiary discourse on talk radio and TV found that Levin scored highest on its measure of "outrage". The study looked at 10 prominent radio and television programs, known for incendiary discourse on political matters, and scored content on the basis of whether it used "emotional display", "misrepresentative exaggeration", "mockery", "conflagration", "slippery slope", "insulting" or "obscene language", and other factors, finding that Levin was the radio host who engaged in the most outrage. The study found that he utilized "outrage speech or behavior at a rate of more than one instance per minute."[2]InHow Democracies Die,Harvard University political scientists Daniel Ziblatt andSteven Levitskywrite that Mark Levin was among the popular right-wing talk radio hosts who "helped to legitimate the use of uncivil discourse" in American politics, and contribute to the erosion of democratic norms.[71]According toPolitico,Levin has a "penchant for hysteria."[72]

Views on politicians and other individuals

According toThe Guardian,"constant attacks on Democrats and the left are important components" of Levin'smodus operandi.[73]According toPoliticoin May 2009, Levin pronounced "almost daily" that Obama "was a failure, a liar, and a 'statist' who is trying to destroy individual freedom."[74]According toRutgers Universitypolitical scientistStephen Eric Bronner,Levin tends to use "socialism" as a "catch-all term to condemn any policy that strengthens the social welfare function of the state."[75]In July 2014, he calledJon Stewart"a knee-jerk idiot", and suggested that Stewart was aself-hating Jew.[76]He has stated that "Nancy Pelosi's politics comes as close to a form of modern-day fascism as I've ever seen ".[2]In January 2019, he said Pelosi was "America's first fascist. And that's a fact". Levin said the new Congressional Speaker had "hijacked" the federal government by deciding to block the financing of President Trump's border wall.[77]Levin has also mocked how Pelosi looks, referred toBeto O'Rourkeas a "weak man", and calledDick Blumenthala "pathetic, loathsome liar".[64]

He has criticized Republicans – includingPaul Ryan,Lindsey Graham,[4]John McCain,andMitch McConnell[78]– with whom he disagrees. He sometimes refers to such individuals asRINOs.[73]Levin endorsedOrrin Hatchwhen he faced a primary challenge in 2012, but later apologized for his endorsement when Hatch said that he would be willing to support a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrants.[29]Since then, he endorsed a number of Republican primary challengers to incumbent Republican senators.[29]Levin supported theTea Party Patriots' campaign to "fire" House SpeakerJohn Boehner.[29]Earlier in 2010, Levin criticizedGlenn Beckfor his criticism of congressional Republicans.[79]He has referred toMitt Romneyas an "ass"[64]and calledCNNhostBrian Steltera "creep".[64]

Levin supported U.S. RepresentativeMo Brooksin his campaign in the2017 Alabama special electionagainst incumbentLuther Strange,who had received a temporary appointment earlier that year.[80]

Levin strongly defended former EPA headScott Pruittwhile he was under a dozen separate ethics investigations. Levin said Pruitt's "policies on the whole have been outstanding," and "I don't throw good people under the bus because the left targets them."[81]

Sponsorship and conflicts of interest

During the 2012 election cycle, Levin's show was paid at least $757,000 in sponsorship by theKoch brothers-backedAmericans for Prosperityto run ads for the group, a deal which began in the summer of 2010.[29][82]After the sponsorship ended, Levin began making ads for theTea Party Patriots.[29]TheSenate Conservatives FundpaidSimon & Schusterat least $427,000 for copies of Levin'sLiberty or Tyrannyin September and October 2013.[29][83]During the same period, on his radio show and Facebook page, Levin frequently promoted the group, which has funded primary challengers of Senate Republicans.[84]Levin did not disclose that the group had made $427,000 of purchases of his book.[84]

Levin endorsedOrrin Hatchwhen Levin was being sponsored byAmericans for Prosperity (AFP)which also endorsed Hatch. Levin withdrew his endorsement of Hatch when Levin was being sponsored by the Tea Party Patriots.[29][82][84]Levin dismissed the allegations that he engages in "pay-to-play".[84]

Barack Obama

In 2009, Levin described as "absolutely right" the statement bySarah Palinthatthe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)includesdeath panelsto decide whether elderly people or sick children were worthy of medical care.[85][86]In 2011, a caller to Levin's show, claiming to be a neurosurgeon, said that theDepartment of Health and Human Serviceshad issued a document saying that people over age 70 would not be allowed to receive medical treatments. Levin said to the caller, "so Sarah Palin was right." The call was later revealed to be a hoax and the death panel claims were revealed to be false.[87][88][89]In late 2013, Levin said there were similarities between a gathering of "hand-picked" supporters of the Affordable Care Act chosen by theObama administrationto NaziSturmabteilungor "Brownshirts" drawing comparisons of the propaganda techniques of the two groups.[90]

Levin stated in 2013 that "theMuslim Brotherhoodhas infiltrated our government "and described President Obama as aMuslim Brotherhood"sympathizer". He speculated in November 2014 that, after the 2014 mid-term elections, Obama might go "fullMussolini".[90][91]

In February 2015, Levin stated that President Obama was "seeking to destroy Israel" because "Obama has an affinity for Islam far more than Christianity or Judaism." He blamed Obama for theEbolacrisis: "the political policies of this administration which opens the door wide to people from the poorest parts of the world. We don't know who they are, we don't know if they have diseases."[90]

WMDs in Iraq

In 2014, Levin claimed that theBush administration's originalWMDrationale for the Iraq Warhad been vindicated by citing reports of U.S. soldiers in Iraq that were wounded by the decayed remnants ofSaddam Hussein'schemical weapons arsenal.The remnants in question were degraded and unusable chemical weapons shells from the 1980s. Levin faulted the Bush administration for not doing more to publicize these remnants of Iraq's former WMD program.[92]

Donald Trump

In March 2016, Levin endorsedTed Cruzfor the2016 Republican presidential nomination.[93]Over a month afterDonald Trumpwas nominated, in September 2016, Levin stated on this radio program that he would vote for Trump in thepresidential election,following his declaration earlier that year that he was in the "Never Trump"camp and would never vote for Trump.[94][95][96]He qualified his support by stating: "I take no responsibility for the dumb things he says or the dumb things his surrogates say."[97]

Wiretap claim

In March 2017, Levin alleged that the Obama administration had used "police state" surveillance tactics against the Donald Trump campaign during the 2016 presidential election. TheAssociated Presssaid that Levin "voiced without evidence the idea that Obama had wiretapped Trump Tower".[98]Levin protested the AP report vigorously, demanding a retraction and an apology on the grounds that his sources for the statement includedThe New York Timesand other newspapers.[99]His statement was reprinted byBreitbart Newsand reportedly became the basis of President Trump's unfoundedTrump Tower wiretapping allegations.[73][100]In September 2017, reports emerged of a court-orderedFederal Bureau of Investigation(FBI) wiretap on Trump campaign chairmanPaul Manafort;while certain Trump supporters alleged that this surveillance vindicated Levin and Trump's unsupported assertions,The Atlanticcommented: "This is not true – Trump claimed he had been the subject of Obama-ordered, politically motivated surveillance, for which there remains no evidence."[101]

"Deep State" conspiracy theories

Levin has said that there was a "coup" occurring against thefirst presidency of Donald Trumpwaged by Obama loyalists.[102][103]Levin's coup claim was referring to investigations of theRussian interference in the 2016 United States electionsand of allegedobstruction of justiceby Trump. He has suggested that former FBI DirectorJames Comeyused theTrump-Russia dossier"to blackmail the president."[104][105]He has claimed that Special CounselRobert Muellerengaged in a "Deep State" coup against Trump.[103]

Trump–Ukraine scandal

Further information:Trump–Ukraine scandal

After President Trump pressed the President of Ukraine to start an investigation into Democratic presidential candidateJoe Bidenand his son, Levin strongly defended Trump's actions. Asked onFox & Friendswhether Levin was "okay" with Trump asking a foreign leader for "dirt" on Biden, Levin lashed out at theFox & Friendshost and repeatedly shouted there was "no problem" with what Trump did. Shortly thereafter, Trump praised Levin and retweeted more than 20 tweets by viewers praising Levin.[106][107][108]Levin also accused Joe Biden of being the one who "did something illegal", though he did not provide evidence or any elaboration.[109]

In October 2019, while Trump was the subject of theimpeachment inquiry,Levin said that on his Blaze TV show: "While he's been president there hasn't even been a hint of scandal. Not a hint!" He was highly critical of Mitt Romney who increased his criticisms of President Trump during this period.[110]

2020 election

Following the2020 presidential election,as all significant media organizations reported Joe Biden had won,[72]Levin told his radio audience that the Democrats were "stealing the election". He insisted on Twitter to his 2.4 million followers: "there's lots of evidence of voter fraud and election screw-ups."[111]On the same platform, on November 5, Levin called on Republican-controlled state legislatures to disregard the results of the 2020 election and send electors to theElectoral Collegewho would vote for Trump.[72]The suggestion was retweeted byDonald Trump Jr.[112]

He praisedSidney Powell,a member of Trump's legal team, for what he considered to be her patriotism after she promotedconspiracy theoriesabout the 2020 election and sought to overturn election results.[113]He frequently had guests on his show who led the audience to think Joe Biden's win in the presidential election could be overturned.[114]

On January 5, 2021, Levin insisted Congress's imminent counting of the Electoral College votes was an act of "tyranny" because of the supposed fraud.[115]He told his listeners, "If we don't fight on Jan. 6 on the floor of the Senate and the House... then we are done."[116]Following the next day'sstorming of the Capitolin Washington, he continued in the same vein. "It appears nothing has changed in 24 hours... Not a damn thing. The never-Trumpers, the RINOs, the media — same damn thing,"[115]although he was critical of the rioters.[117]Meanwhile, on the same day as the riot, Cumulus Media circulated a memo instructing its presenters, a roster which includes Levin, to cease implying the 2020 presidential election was stolen or face the end of the right to broadcast via Cumulus.[117]

COVID-19 pandemic

During theCOVID-19 pandemic,Levin downplayed the threat of the virus, arguing that the media was overreacting and that the death toll from the flu was higher than the coronavirus.[118]

Russo-Ukrainian War

Following the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine,Levin has supported Ukraine, saying that if Russia defeated Ukraine,Vladimir Putinwould take further aggressive action.[119]He also criticized the Joe Biden administration for its response, which he considered to be lacking, and the isolationists and the "Putin wings" of the media, Democratic Party and the Republican Party. He also called for the US to arm Taiwan to defend themselves from China and call off the negotiations with Iran.[120] At the 2022 CPAC, Levin criticized populism and nationalism and called for the US to support Ukraine, saying that the CPAC means Conservative Political Action Committee, not "McGovern, populist or nationalist action committee" and "We love America because it’s America, not because we’re nationalists. I mean, the Russians are nationalists. The Chinese are nationalists. America First is about Americanism, first", and "You want a world war? Then become an ostrich, put your head in the sand and let the Russians roll through one country after another".[121][122]

Personal life

Levin suffered a heart attack in 2000 and had open heart surgery.[123]He is currently married to Julie Strauss Levin[124]

Selected publications

  • Levin, M. R. (2005).Men in Black: How the Supreme Court is Destroying America.Regnery Publishing
  • Levin, M. R. (2007).Rescuing Sprite: A Dog Lover's Story of Joy and Anguish.(1st ed.)Pocket Books
  • Levin, M. R. (2010).Liberty and Tyranny: A Conservative Manifesto.(Reprint ed.)Threshold Editions
  • Levin, M. R. (2012).Ameritopia: The Unmaking of America.(Reprint ed.) Threshold Editions
  • Levin, M. R. (2014).The Liberty Amendments.(Reprint ed.) Threshold Editions
  • Levin, M. R. (2017).Rediscovering Americanism: And the Tyranny of Progressivism.Threshold Editions
  • Levin, M. R. (2019).Unfreedom of the Press.Threshold Editions
  • Levin, M. R. (2021).American Marxism.Threshold Editions[125]
  • Levin, M. R. (2023).The Democrat Party Hates America.Threshold Editions.

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  51. ^abFriedersdorf, Conor(March 19, 2012)."Why Mainstream Media Ignores Conservative Bestsellers".Politics.The Atlantic.RetrievedMay 27,2019.
  52. ^Romano, Carlin(April 15, 2012)."'Ameritopia': How Dumb Can Political Philosophy Get? ".Opinion: The Chronicle Review.The Chronicle of Higher Education.RetrievedMay 27,2019.
  53. ^Smith, Kyle (September 1, 2013)."Why are major media outlets ignoring bestselling writer Mark R. Levin?".New York Post.RetrievedMarch 24,2014.
  54. ^von Spakovsky, Hans A.(September 4, 2013)."Amendments for Liberty".National Review Online.RetrievedJanuary 6,2014.
  55. ^Cox, Ana Marie(September 4, 2013)."1776 and all that: the mysterious appeal of Mark Levin's originalist fantasy".The Guardian.
  56. ^Rahn, Richard W.(August 27, 2013)."Should the Constitution be amended?".Opinion: Commentary.The Washington Times.ISSN2643-7449.RetrievedMay 27,2019.
  57. ^"Mark Levin is wrong: A lawless gov't, not the Constitution, needs nullified".Communities.washingtontimes. December 27, 2013.RetrievedJanuary 6,2014.
  58. ^Davenport, David."Mark Levin Makes A Strong Conservative Case With Weak Constitutional Arguments".Forbes.RetrievedJanuary 6,2014.
  59. ^Walters, Ian (August 5, 2015)."Book Review: 'Plunder and Deceit'".The Washington Times.RetrievedAugust 10,2015.
  60. ^"The New York Times Best Sellers: June 9, 2019".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedJuly 7,2019.
  61. ^Levine, Jon (May 20, 2019)."Fox News Host Mark Levin's New Book Dethrones Howard Stern From Amazon Best-Seller List".TheWrap.RetrievedMay 27,2019.
  62. ^Bedard, Paul (May 19, 2019)."Mark Levin's press-bashing book No. 1 — 3 days before its release".Opinion: Washington Secrets.Washington Examiner.RetrievedMay 27,2019.
  63. ^Green, Lloyd (May 18, 2019)."Unfreedom of the Press review: Mark Levin's Trumpist take on the first amendment".The Guardian.ISSN0261-3077.RetrievedMay 27,2019.
  64. ^abcdeQuinn, Annalisa (May 21, 2019)."'Unfreedom Of The Press' Is Full Of Bombast And Bile ".NPR.RetrievedMay 27,2019.
  65. ^"Unfreedom of the Press: C-SPAN".C-SPAN.RetrievedJuly 7,2019.
  66. ^""Fox News-'American Marxism' author Mark Levin blasts 'appalling' Big Tech censorship: 'Do I miss Twitter? No'" ".Fox News.July 19, 2021.RetrievedJuly 19,2021.
  67. ^Kazin, Michael (December 27, 2021)."The Anti-Intellectual Intellectuals of the Conservative Movement".ISSN0027-8378.RetrievedOctober 13,2023.
  68. ^Group, Sinclair Broadcast (July 29, 2021)."Levin warns of rise of American Marxism: 'It's not a fad'".WCIV.RetrievedOctober 13,2023.{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help)
  69. ^"Mark Levin's American Marxism Is an Insult to Your Intelligence".jacobin.RetrievedOctober 13,2023.
  70. ^"Best Sellers - Books - The New York Times".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedOctober 10,2021.
  71. ^How Democracies Die.Penguin. 2018.ISBN978-1-5247-6293-3.
  72. ^abcAlberta, Tim (November 7, 2020)."The Election That Broke the Republican Party".Politico.RetrievedNovember 7,2020.
  73. ^abcWilson, Jason (March 7, 2017)."Mark Levin: the talkshow host behind the baseless Obama wiretap rumor".The Guardian.ISSN0261-3077.RetrievedMarch 8,2017.
  74. ^"Obama-bashers see literary gold".Politico.RetrievedAugust 24,2017.
  75. ^The Bitter Taste of Hope.RetrievedAugust 24,2017.
  76. ^"Levin: Stewart not funny on Israel".Politico.RetrievedAugust 24,2017.
  77. ^Concha, Joe (January 24, 2019)."Mark Levin calls Pelosi 'America's first fascist'".The Hill.RetrievedDecember 8,2020.
  78. ^Sommer, Will (August 10, 2017)."Trump threatens McConnell".The Hill.RetrievedAugust 24,2017.
  79. ^"Levin: Beck 'acting like a clown'".Politico.RetrievedAugust 24,2017.
  80. ^Hagen, Lisa (June 7, 2017)."Mark Levin endorses Alabama rep in Senate race".The Hill.RetrievedAugust 20,2017.
  81. ^Darcy, Oliver."Top conservative media personality turns on EPA chief Scott Pruitt: He's 'gotta go'".CNN Business.RetrievedJuly 5,2018.
  82. ^abVogel, Kenneth P.; McCalmont, Lucy (June 15, 2011)."Top radio talkers sell endorsements".Politico.RetrievedDecember 7,2020.
  83. ^Jacobs, Ben (April 14, 2017) [January 13, 2014]."A Right-Wing Group's $400K Purchase of Mark Levin's Book Sets Off a Ruckus".The Daily Beast.RetrievedDecember 8,2020.
  84. ^abcd"Mark Levin dismisses pay-to-play charge".Politico.RetrievedAugust 24,2017.
  85. ^"Mark Levin to Palin:" You're absolutely right about "" death panels "".Media Matters for America.November 18, 2009. Archived fromthe originalon July 14, 2018.RetrievedJuly 14,2018.
  86. ^Rutenberg, Jim; Calmes, Jackie (August 14, 2009)."False 'Death Panel' Rumor Has Some Familiar Roots".The New York Times.
  87. ^"Neurological 'Death Panels'?".FactCheck.org. January 5, 2012.
  88. ^"Obamacare No Neurosurgery for Patients Over 70".September 7, 2012.
  89. ^Ubel, Peter."Why It Is So Difficult to Kill the Death Panel Myth".Forbes.RetrievedJuly 11,2017.
  90. ^abcSuebsaeng, Asawin (April 10, 2017)."Mark Levin, Who Compared Obamacare Fans to Nazis, Is Behind Trump's Obama-Wiretap Meltdown".The Daily Beast.RetrievedDecember 7,2020.
  91. ^"Mark Levin Explodes: 'The Muslim Brotherhood Has Infiltrated Our Gov't – It's Called Barack Obama'".mediaite.February 2013.
  92. ^Maloy, Simon (October 21, 2014)."Meet the Iraq War truthers: Why they're convinced Bush was right on WMD".Salon.RetrievedSeptember 17,2017.
  93. ^Harper, Jennifer (March 10, 2016)."Mark Levin endorses Ted Cruz for president: 'He has fought for the Constitution'".The Washington Times.RetrievedAugust 20,2017.
  94. ^"Mark Levin Will Vote for Trump After Previous 'Never Trump' Declaration".Fox News.September 7, 2016.
  95. ^Graham, David A. (November 6, 2016)."Which Republicans Oppose Donald Trump? A Cheat Sheet".The Atlantic.RetrievedMarch 19,2020.
  96. ^Trudo, Hanna (April 8, 2016)."Mark Levin: I won't back Trump in the general".Politico.RetrievedMarch 19,2020.
  97. ^"Mark Levin: 'I'm gonna wind up voting for Donald Trump'".September 7, 2016.
  98. ^Lemire, Jonathan (March 10, 2017)."Media the enemy? Trump sure is an insatiable consumer".AP News.RetrievedMay 22,2019.
  99. ^Ernst, Douglas (March 13, 2017)."Mark Levin rips AP on Trump story: 'You persist in your false reporting'".The Washington Times.RetrievedMarch 22,2017.
  100. ^"Trump's claim that Obama wiretapped his campaign is false, says U.S. Department of Justice".Newsweek.September 2, 2017.RetrievedApril 12,2018.
  101. ^Graham, David A. (September 19, 2017)."Is Trump's 'Wiretap' Claim Vindicated?".The Atlantic.RetrievedSeptember 20,2017.
  102. ^Abramson, Alana."Trump's Allies Keep Talking About the 'Deep State'. What's That?".Time.RetrievedAugust 24,2017.
  103. ^abBaragona, Justin (April 19, 2019)."Mark Levin's Anti-Mueller Rant Is So Unhinged, Even a 'Fox & Friends' Host Is Stunned".The Daily Beast.RetrievedJuly 10,2019.
  104. ^"WATCH: Fox host accuses Comey of trying to blackmail Trump with the Russian hooker pee tape".Raw Story.April 20, 2018.RetrievedJune 7,2018.
  105. ^"Mark Levin accuses James Comey of blackmailing Trump with so-called" pee tape "allegations".Media Matters for America.April 20, 2018.RetrievedJune 7,2018.
  106. ^Baragona, Justin (September 29, 2019)."Trump Boosts Attack on 'Lying Sh*t Head' Fox News Reporter Ed Henry".RetrievedOctober 1,2019.
  107. ^Coleman, Justine (September 29, 2019)."Levin grapples with Fox News host over Trump's Ukraine conduct: 'Your question is not honest'".The Hill.RetrievedOctober 1,2019.
  108. ^"Trump Retweets 20-Plus Replies to Mark Levin on 'Fox & Friends'".Bloomberg.2019.RetrievedOctober 1,2019.
  109. ^Coleman, Justine (September 29, 2019)."Trump slams Fox News' Ed Henry, praises Mark Levin for interview on whistleblower complaint".The Hill.RetrievedOctober 1,2019.
  110. ^Baragona, Justin (October 22, 2019)."Mark Levin: 'Hasn't Even Been a Hint of Scandal' in Trump's Presidency".The Daily Beast.RetrievedOctober 22,2019.
  111. ^Berr, Jonathan (November 9, 2020)."Conservative Media Divided Over Trump's Election Fraud Claims".Forbes.RetrievedDecember 7,2020.
  112. ^Murphy, Tim (November 5, 2020)."Donald Trump Jr. Just Promoted a Brazen Plan to Steal the Election".Mother Jones.RetrievedDecember 7,2020.
  113. ^Peters, Jeremy W. (November 20, 2020)."Tucker Carlson Dared Question a Trump Lawyer. The Backlash Was Quick".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedNovember 21,2020.
  114. ^Peters, Jeremy W. (December 15, 2020)."Inside the Right-Wing Media Bubble, Where the Myth of a Trump Win Lives On".The New York Times.ISSN0362-4331.RetrievedDecember 15,2020.All along, Trump-friendly media personalities like Mark Levin, who hosts one of the most popular talk radio shows in the country, have led their audiences to believe that it was possible to pressure state lawmakers to reject Mr. Biden's victory. They have often based their confidence on the wild accusations of people with political motives and diminished credibility.
  115. ^abFarhi, Paul (January 11, 2021)."Talk-radio owner orders conservative hosts to temper election fraud rhetoric".The Washington Post.RetrievedJanuary 11,2021.
  116. ^Folkenflik, David; Dreisbach, Tom (January 13, 2021)."After Deadly Capitol Riot, Fox News Stays Silent On Stars' Incendiary Rhetoric".NPR.RetrievedJanuary 30,2021.
  117. ^abHsu, Tiffany (January 11, 2021)."The talk radio network that airs Dan Bongino and Mark Levin warned staff to stop 'dog-whistle talk'".The New York Times.RetrievedJanuary 11,2021.
  118. ^Willis, Jack Gillum, Derek (March 25, 2020)."Even After Trump Declared a National Emergency, Some Talk Radio Hosts Weren't Convinced".ProPublica.RetrievedFebruary 25,2021.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  119. ^"Mark Levin predicts what may happen if Russia defeats Ukraine".Fox News.March 7, 2022.
  120. ^"Mark Levin 'ashamed' of US response to Ukraine invasion, urges Biden to start 'muscling up' US military".Fox News.April 10, 2022.
  121. ^"Mark Levin Trashes Nationalism and Populism at CPAC".February 26, 2022.
  122. ^"Neocon Talk Radio Host Mark Levin Promotes War Propaganda, Slams Nationalism and Populism in CPAC Speech".February 26, 2022.
  123. ^Lopez, Katherine Jean (November 5, 2007)."Man's Best Friend".nationalreview.National Review.RetrievedMarch 3,2021.
  124. ^CPAC (December 21, 2022)."A Conversation with Mark Levin and Julie Strauss Levin - CPAC FL 2022".substack.CPAC.RetrievedSeptember 22,2023.
  125. ^ThriftBooks."Mark R. Levin Books | List of books by author Mark R. Levin".ThriftBooks.RetrievedJuly 13,2021.
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