Menlo Park(/ˈmɛnloʊ/MEN-loh) is a city at the eastern edge ofSan Mateo Countyin theSan Francisco Bay AreaofCalifornia,United States. It is bordered bySan Francisco Bayon the north and east;East Palo Alto,Palo Alto,andStanfordto the south; andAtherton,North Fair Oaks,andRedwood Cityto the west. It had 33,780 residents at the2020 United States census.[5]It is home to the corporate headquarters ofMeta,and is whereGoogle,Roblox Corporation,andRound Table Pizzawere founded.[6][7][8]The train station holds the record as the oldest continually operating train station in California.[9]It is one of the most educated cities in California and the United States; nearly 70% of residents over 25 have earned a bachelor's degree or higher.[10]
Menlo Park, California | |
---|---|
Coordinates:37°27′10″N122°11′00″W/ 37.45278°N 122.18333°W | |
Country | United States |
State | California |
County | San Mateo |
Incorporated | November 23, 1927[1] |
Named for | Menlo, County Galway,Ireland |
Government | |
• Mayor | Cecilia Taylor[2] |
Area | |
• Total | 17.38 sq mi (45.03 km2) |
• Land | 9.99 sq mi (25.87 km2) |
• Water | 7.39 sq mi (19.15 km2) 43.79% |
Elevation | 72 ft (22 m) |
Population | |
• Total | 33,780 |
• Density | 3,473.3/sq mi (1,341.04/km2) |
Time zone | UTC−8(Pacific) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−7(PDT) |
ZIP Codes | 94025–94028 |
Area code | 650 |
FIPScode | 06-46870 |
GNISfeature IDs | 1659108,2411079 |
Website | menlopark |
Toponym
edit"Menlo" is derived fromMenlo(theanglicizedspelling of Irish Gaelic 'Mionloch', meaning 'small lake') inCounty Galway,Ireland. The name "Menlo Park" was given to a ranch purchased by Irish settlers in honor of their home village in Ireland.[11][12]
History
editThe area of Menlo Park was inhabited by theOhlonepeople when thePortolá expeditionarrived in 1769.[13]
In 1795, theRancho de las PulgasSpanish land grantwas made that included the area of the current city.
Original Menlo Park gate
editIn 1851, two Irish immigrants, Dennis J. Oliver and his brother-in-law, D.C. McGlynn, purchased a 1,700-acre (690 ha) tract of land on the formerRancho de las Pulgas.[11]In 1854, they erected a gate with a wooden arch bearing the inscription "Menlo Park" and the date "August 1854" at the entrance to their property (now the intersection of Middle Ave and El Camino Real).[14][15]The word "Menlo" derived from the owners' former home ofMenlo(or Menlough) inCounty Galway,Ireland,and is ananglicizedversion of the original Irish name of the place,Mionloch,meaning "middle lake".[11][12]
Railroad
editIn 1863, theSan Francisco and San Jose Rail Roadhad built the railroad from San Francisco to as far as Mayfield (nowCalifornia Avenue stationin Palo Alto) and started running trains to the area.[16]They named a nearby station "Menlo Park" after the sign.[11]The 1867 station building still stands on the platform of the currentCaltrain station,used by the local Chamber of Commerce. It holds the record as the oldest, continually operating train station in California.[9]The town of Menlo Park grew up around this station, becoming a popular home forSan Franciscobusinessmen.[11]A post office was established in 1870, and the city wasincorporatedin 1874 (it dissolved after two years, but later was permanently incorporated in 1927).[14][17]The original arch, which gave its name to the stations and ultimately, the city, survived until 1922, when it was destroyed in an automobile accident.[11]The origin of the name of Menlo Park, California (c. 1850)[15]antedates any work done byThomas Edison(c. 1876) inMenlo Park, New Jersey;Menlo Park, New Jersey, was named after Menlo Park, California,[18]as wasMenlo, Washington.[19]
Camp Fremont
editIn 1917–18, a large portion of Menlo Park was the site ofCamp Fremont,a training camp for, at its height, 27,000 men being sent to fight inWorld War I.It did not last long (the camp was dismantled after the war), but army engineers paved the first streets in Menlo Park and laid the first water and gas lines.[20][21]The army did retain the camp hospital, and it is now the site of a Veterans Administration Hospital off of Willow Road in Menlo Park. In the autumn of 1918, aflu pandemichit Camp Fremont and killed 147.[22]
Dibble General Hospital
editAt the start ofWorld War II,the US government bought the 260-acre (110 ha) estate ofTimothy Hopkinsfrom his widow and created the Palo Alto General Hospital, later renamed the Dibble General Hospital (after Colonel John Dibble, who was killed in 1943). After the war ended, some of the land was sold to the city and became the sites of the main library and city hall. More of the land was bought byStanford Universityto house the increase in students due to theG.I. Bill;the area was known as the "Stanford Village", which existed as student housing until the mid-1960s. This land also was the site of the Stanford Research Institute (nowSRI International) starting in 1947; between 1955 and 1968, SRI bought the rest of the Stanford Village.[23][24][25]
Sunsetmagazine headquarters
editSunsetmagazine moved to its headquarters in Menlo Park in 1951, designed by architect,Cliff May,with a similar layout to a Californiaranch-style house.Sunsetreferred to its Menlo Park headquarters as the Laboratory of Western Living.[citation needed]
Sharon Heights
editIn the 1960s, the former 600-acre (240 ha) estate of Frederick W. Sharon (1859–1914) (son of SenatorWilliam Sharon) and his wife, Louise Tevis Breckinridge Sharon (1858–1938; daughter ofLloyd Tevisand divorced wife ofJohn Witherspoon Breckinridge), in the hills of south west Menlo Park was developed and called "Sharon Heights".[26][27]
Development of Google
editThe development of leading Internet search engine providerGoogleoccurred in 1998 in the garage in a Menlo Park home owned bySusan Wojcicki.[28]Wojcicki's Menlo Park garage was used as the office for Google co-foundersLarry PageandSergey Brinfor $1,700 a month.[29]
Replica of Menlo Park gate
editIn 2015, the Menlo Park Historical Association (MPHA) began a project to raise funds for and build a replica of the original Menlo Park gates. The chosen site was at 800 Alma Street in front of the Menlo Park public library. The replica was completed in 2019. On March 17, 2019, Menlo Park Mayor Ray Mueller officially dedicated the reproduction of the Menlo Gates.[30][31]
Geography
editAccording to theUnited States Census Bureau,the city has a total area of 17.4 square miles (45 km2), of which 9.8 square miles (25 km2) are land and 7.6 square miles (20 km2) are covered by water. Menlo Park is long and narrow on a northeast to southwest axis. The northeast portion borders the San Francisco Bay and includes theDumbarton Bridgethat connects Menlo Park toFremonton the east side of the bay. The city shoreline includes the city's largest park, Bedwell Bayfront Park (160 acres; 65 ha) and theDon Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge.[32]San Francisquito Creekmarks much of the southeast border of the city.West Menlo Park(unincorporated area) alongAlameda de las Pulgasnearly separates the southwestern part of the city (known as Sharon Heights) from the rest. The extreme southwest is clipped byInterstate 280.
TheBayshore Freeway(part ofU.S. Route 101) traverses Menlo Park northwest to southeast near the shoreline and somewhat parallel to the Bayshore Freeway to the southwest isEl Camino Real.The intersection of El Camino Real and Santa Cruz Avenue is considered the heart of the city. Nearby, the Menlo ParkCivic Centeris bounded by Ravenswood Avenue, Alma Street, Laurel Street, and Burgess Drive. It contains thecounciloffices, library, police station, and Burgess Park, which has various recreational facilities. Other major roads includeSand Hill Roadin the Sharon Heights area.
The residential areas of Menlo Park can be unofficially divided into several neighborhoods. From "east" (northeast toward San Francisco Bay) to "west" (southwest toward the Pacific Coast), they are defined by thePalo Alto Weeklyas:[17]Belle Haven is the only neighborhood east of Route 101; much of the rest of that area is business or protected land. Between 101 and the roughly parallel Middlefield Road are the neighborhoods of the Willows, Suburban Park, Lorelei Manor, Flood Triangle, Vintage Oaks, and South of Seminary (the seminary beingSaint Patrick's Seminary). Between Middlefield and El Camino Real are theCaltraintrack and Felton Gables, Linfield Oaks, and Park Forest. West of El Camino until the foothills of thePeninsulaare the neighborhoods of Downtown Menlo Park, Central Menlo Park, and Allied Arts (sometimes also known as Stanford Park, it is named for theAllied Arts Guildin it). In the hills are Sharon Heights and Stanford Hills. Several other neighborhoods are closely associated with Menlo Park but are actually in unincorporated San Mateo county; these includeMenlo Oaksand Fair Oaks (latter part of theNorth Fair Oakscensus area) between Bayshore and Middlefield, University Heights (also known as West Menlo Park) between Sharon Heights and most of the rest of the city, and Stanford Weekend Acres, which is somewhat near Stanford Hills.
Demographics
editCensus | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1930 | 2,254 | — | |
1940 | 3,258 | 44.5% | |
1950 | 13,587 | 317.0% | |
1960 | 26,957 | 98.4% | |
1970 | 26,826 | −0.5% | |
1980 | 26,438 | −1.4% | |
1990 | 28,040 | 6.1% | |
2000 | 30,785 | 9.8% | |
2010 | 32,026 | 4.0% | |
2020 | 33,780 | 5.5% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[33] |
2020 census
editRace / Ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2010[34] | Pop 2020[35] | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Whitealone (NH) | 19,841 | 18,575 | 61.95% | 54.99% |
Black or African Americanalone (NH) | 1,482 | 1,001 | 4.63% | 2.96% |
Native AmericanorAlaska Nativealone (NH) | 43 | 26 | 0.13% | 0.08% |
Asianalone (NH) | 3,132 | 5,764 | 9.78% | 17.06% |
Pacific Islanderalone (NH) | 446 | 364 | 1.39% | 1.08% |
Other racealone (NH) | 73 | 156 | 0.23% | 0.46% |
Mixed race or Multiracial(NH) | 1,107 | 1,905 | 3.46% | 5.64% |
Hispanic or Latino(any race) | 5,902 | 5,989 | 18.43% | 17.73% |
Total | 32,026 | 33,780 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2010
editThe2010 United States Census[36]reported that Menlo Park had a population of 32,026. Its population density was 3,271.3 inhabitants per square mile (1,263.1/km2). Theracial makeupof Menlo Park was 22,494 (70.2%) White, 1,551 (4.8%) African American, 156 (0.5%) Native American, 3,157 (9.9%) Asian, 454 (1.4%) Pacific Islander, 2,776 (8.7%) from other races, and 1,438 (4.5%) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 18.4% of the population, most of whom (4,303) were ofMexicanancestry.
The Census reported that 31,181 people (97.4% of the population) lived in households, 599 (1.9%) lived in noninstitutionalized group quarters, and 246 (0.8%) were institutionalized.
Of the 12,347 households, 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 49.9% were opposite-sex married couples living together, 8.4%had a female householder with no husband present, and 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present. About 5.2% wereunmarried opposite-sex partnerships,and 0.8% weresame-sex married couples or partnerships.About 29.7% were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53. The average family size was 3.20.
In terms of age, 7,805 residents (24.4%) were under the age of 18, 1,817 people (5.7%) aged 18 to 24, 9,563 people (29.9%) aged 25 to 44, 8,263 people (25.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 4,578 people (14.3%) were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.
The 13,085 housing units averaged 1,336.6 units per square mile (516.1 units/km2), of which 6,927 (56.1%) were owner-occupied, and 5,420 (43.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.2%; 18,972 people (59.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 12,209 people (38.1%) lived in rental housing units.
2000
editAs of the census[37]of 2009, there were 33,690 people, 12,543 households, and 7,248 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,441.3 inhabitants per square mile (1,328.7/km2). There were 14,026 housing units at an average density of 1,432.7 units per square mile (553.2 units/km2). 64.2% spoke English, 19.5% Spanish, otherIndo-European4.2%, 4.6% Chinese orMandarin,and other language 0.7%, as their first language from estimate census 2009.
There were 12,543 households, out of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.67% were non-families. 35.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.15.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 31.5% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.
As of the 2000 estimate census, the median income for a household in the city was $82,609. Males had a median income of $77,766 versus $59,101 for females. The per capita income for the city was $51,341. About 5.9% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those over age 64. As of 2009 the median income for a family was $123,251.[38]
Government and politics
editCity Council members are elected in districts to staggered four-year terms, in nonpartisan municipal elections every two years.[39]
County, state and federal representation
editOn theSan Mateo County Board of Supervisors,Menlo Park is split between Supervisorial District 3 (west of El Camino Real) and Supervisorial District 4 (east of El Camino Real),[40]currently represented by Ray Mueller and Warren Slocum, respectively.
In theCalifornia State Legislature,Menlo Park is inthe 13th Senate District,represented byDemocratJosh Becker,and is split betweenthe 21st Assembly District,represented byDemocratDiane Papanandthe 23rd Assembly District,represented byDemocratMarc Berman.[41]
In theUnited States House of Representatives,East Palo Alto is inCalifornia's 16th congressional district,represented byDemocratAnna Eshoo.[42]
According to theCalifornia Secretary of State,as of February 10, 2019, Menlo Park has 19,339 registered voters—9,984 (51.6%) of whom are registeredDemocrats,2,989 (15.5%) registeredRepublicans,and 5,683 (29.4%)undeclared.[43]
Mayors
editMayors of Menlo Park, California | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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In 1976, the City Council limited mayors from serving consecutive one-year terms.
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Education
editFor primary schools, the central portions of Menlo Park are served by theMenlo Park City School District,while the Belle Haven neighborhood andVAhospital are served by theRavenswood City School District,and the Sharon Heights and Stanford Hills neighborhoods served by theLas Lomitas Elementary School District.For high school, Menlo Park is part of theSequoia Union High School District,with all of the city falling into the boundaries ofMenlo-Atherton High School;some areas of the city have the option to attendWoodside High School.
Private elementary schools include two Catholic parochial schools, St. Raymond Catholic Elementary School and Nativity Elementary School;[60]theEpiscopalianTrinity School;Phillips Brooks School,pre-kindergarten to 5th grade; and Peninsula School, from kindergarten to 8th grade.[61]
TheWillows Campusof the private K–12Silicon Valley International School,formerly known as German-American International School and Alto International School, is also in the city.[62]Menlo School,a private middle and high school, is inAthertonon the border with Menlo Park.Sacred Heart School, Atherton,aCatholicmiddle and high school, is also in Atherton on the border with Menlo Park.
For higher education,Saint Patrick's Seminary and Universityis a Catholic seminary in Menlo Park.
There are two libraries, the Main branch and the Belle Haven branch. As part of thePeninsula Library System,they share many resources with other nearby libraries.
Economy
editMuch of Menlo Park's economy revolves around the companies onSand Hill Road,consisting of venture capital, private equity, financial services, law firms, and other professional service companies and investment vehicles focusing on technology.Geron,Katerra,Robert Half International,Exponent,andSRI Internationalare among the companies based in Menlo Park.Meta Platformsmoved its headquarters to the former campus ofSun Microsystemsin Menlo Park in December 2011.
Top employers
editIn 2012, Meta (then known as Facebook) announced it would be Menlo Park's biggest employer, with 6,600 employees.[63]According to the city's 2023annual comprehensive financial report,[64]the city's top employers were:
# | Employer | # of Employees |
---|---|---|
1 | Meta | 16,586 |
2 | SRI International | 710 |
3 | Grail | 497 |
4 | Pacific Biosciences | 320 |
5 | United Parcel Service | 295 |
6 | SHR Hotel, LLC | 252 |
7 | Exponent | 250 |
8 | City of Menlo Park | 245 |
9 | Personalis | 239 |
10 | Safeway | 226 |
Transportation
editSanta Cruz Avenueruns as the "Main Street" within Menlo Park; terminates atEl Camino Realwhich runs concurrently withCalifornia State Route 82.The city is also the western end of theDumbarton Bridge,which connects Menlo Park with theEast Baycity ofFremont;the Menlo Park end is located immediately adjacent to Meta Platforms' headquarters. The city is flanked byU.S. Route 101on its eastern end and byInterstate 280on its western end.
Menlo Park's transit is primarily served by itseponymous train station,served byCaltrain.SamTransis the primary provider of bus transport throughout the city. Menlo Park's eastern ends were previously considered for a short-livedBARTextension along theBayshore Freeway.[65]
BART and Caltrain are also the primary transit modes for Menlo Park's connections to the San Francisco Bay Area's airports. Menlo Park is located about halfway betweenSan Francisco International AirportandSan Jose International Airport;the former can be accessed by using Caltrain and either BART'sRed,orYellow Lineduring 3-line service, or SamTrans route 292 (both connecting to Caltrain atMillbrae station), while the latter connects to Menlo Park through Caltrain and VTA services through a transfer atDiridon station.Drivers to and from Menlo Park can connect to both San Jose and San Francisco airports through using US 101.Oakland Airportis the farthest of the three major Bay Area airports from Menlo Park, with drivers having to cross the Bay through one of the three bridges across it, and transit users needing to use either the Dumbarton Express, SamTrans, or Caltrain to connect to BART services.
Notable people
edit- Joan Baez,folk singer
- Anthony Bajada,inventor of the "stay tab"press-to-open lid mechanism fordrink cans
- Isaac Baron,professional poker player
- Will Brill,Tony Award winning Actor
- Lindsey Buckingham,musician
- Henry Cowell,composer
- Brandon Crawford,San Francisco Giants shortstop
- Abby Dahlkemper,professional soccer player,2019 World Cupchampion withUSWNT
- Tierna Davidson,professional soccer player,2019 World Cupchampion withUSWNT
- Marion Dorn,textile designer
- Steve Duda,musician and DJ
- Jeanne DuPrau,author
- David Eagleman,neuroscientist and author
- Nancy Farmer,author
- Kevin A. Gilroy,United States Air Force colonel and politician
- Paul Goldstein(born 1976), tennis player and coach
- Ari Greenberg(born 1981), world junior contract bridge champion
- Vince Guaraldi,jazz musician known for composing music for thePeanuts animated specials
- Chris Gulker,photographer, writer
- Jack Herrick,founder ofwikiHow
- Jon Huntsman, Jr.,former Utah governor
- Edward Michael Keating(1925–2003), magazine publisher, journalist, author, lawyer; founder ofRamparts,member of theNew Leftmovement.[66]
- Ken Kesey,author
- William R. Larson,founder ofRound Table Pizza
- Milton Latham,railroad baron and politician
- Jesse Love(born 2005), NASCAR driver
- Josie Maran(born 1978), model and entrepreneur
- Abraham Maslow,co-founder ofHumanistic Psychology
- Bob Melvin(born 1961), Major League Baseball player and manager
- Fred Moore,political activist
- Harris MowbrayBraille-related linguist
- John Naber,Olympic swimmer
- Stevie Nicks,musician
- Elizabeth Osborn,equestrian vaulter
- Robert Rich,musician
- Ariel Rittenhouse,Olympic diver
- Secondhand Serenade,rock band founded in Menlo Park
- Ram Shriram,founding investor of Google
- Courtney Thorne-Smith,actress
- Thorstein Veblen,sociologist known for "Theory of the Leisure Class"
- John Vesely,musician/songwriter
- Bob Weir,founding member of The Grateful Dead
- Sheryl Sandberg,former chief operating officer ofMeta Platforms.
- Billy Ray White,first African-American mayor of Menlo Park[67]
- Marco Zappacosta,co-founder ofThumbtack
Sister cities
editSee also
editReferences
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- ^ab"Menlo Park (city) QuickFacts".United States Census Bureau.
- ^Huddleston, Tom Jr (September 27, 2018)."Google was started in this garage office in California in 1998 — take a look inside".CNBC.RetrievedApril 24,2023.
- ^"In Memory of Erik Cassel".Roblox Blog.RetrievedApril 24,2023.
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- ^Schwartz, Carly (November 17, 2011)."California's Most Educated Cities: Palo Alto, Los Altos Top the List".The Huffington Post Online.RetrievedSeptember 9,2012.
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- ^abStanger, 1963. pg. 109
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- ^abcMibach, Emily (February 13, 2018)."Billy Ray White, Menlo Park's first black mayor, dead at 81".Palo Alto Daily Post.
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- ^Brundage, Sandy (December 9, 2009)."Rich Cline, new Menlo Park mayor, promises measured approach to contentious land-use debates".The Almanac (Menlo Park).
- ^Brundage, Sandy (December 7, 2010)."Kelly Fergusson elected Menlo Park mayor by 3-2 council vote".The Almanac (Menlo Park).
- ^Brundage, Sandy (December 10, 2010)."Kelly Fergusson resigns as Menlo Park mayor; revote delayed".The Almanac (Menlo Park).
Council member Kelly Fergusson has resigned as the mayor of Menlo Park as a consequence of Brown Act violations she committed by meeting one-on-one with at least three council members to discuss her desire for the position.
- ^ab"About Kirsten Keith".kirstenforcouncil.RetrievedApril 7,2023.
- ^Kelly, Kevin (November 25, 2015)."Menlo Park: City could pick new mayor Tuesday".The Mercury News.
- ^abBradshaw, Kate (December 15, 2021)."Betsy Nash is Menlo Park's new mayor".The Almanac (Menlo Park).
- ^"Schools Directory".Archdiocese of San Francisco.Archivedfrom the original on March 19, 2015.RetrievedNovember 2,2016.
- ^"Quick Facts".Peninsula School.Archivedfrom the original on October 18, 2015.RetrievedApril 13,2022.
- ^Mahbubani, Rhea (March 18, 2015)."German-American International School will move to old Menlo Oaks campus this fall".San Jose Mercury News.RetrievedNovember 2,2016.
- ^Guynn, Jessica (May 29, 2012)."Menlo Park set to approve Facebook campus expansion plan".Los Angeles Times.
- ^City of Menlo Park, California Annual Comprehensive Financial Report For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2023
- ^Softky, Marion (July 21, 1999)."Plan dumped to extend BART down Bayshore Freeway to Menlo Park".The Almanac News.Menlo Park.RetrievedMarch 15,2016.
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Further reading
edit- Stanger, Frank M.South from San Francisco: The Life Story of San Mateo County1963, publisher: San Mateo County Historical Association