Wikipedia

Mild hybrid

Mild hybrids(MHEV) (also known assmart hybrids,power-assist hybrids,battery-assisted hybrid vehiclesorBAHVs) are generallycarswith aninternal combustion engine(ICE) equipped with a minimally extended battery and an auxiliary electric combined motor and generator in aparallel hybridconfiguration that is only enough for an electric-only mode of propulsion at slow speed and allows the engine to be stopped whenever the car is coasting, braking, or stopped, and then restarted once power is required again. Mild hybrids may employregenerative brakingand some level of power assist to the internal combustion engine.[1][2][3]

Overview

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The mild hybrid'selectric motorprovides greater efficiency through the use of a single device that is essentially an integrated starter/alternator sometimes known as a generator-motor unit. A typical mild-hybrid setup uses a belt-powered generator-motor unit driven off the engine to supply power to a small battery. The generator is also powered through regenerative braking, enabling power that would otherwise be dissipated as heat to be recaptured and recovered for use in powering the vehicle. The small power assist generated by mild-hybrid systems can help supplement the internal combustion engine in low-speed situations or handle the demands of enginestart/stopfunctionality. Vehicles equipped with a mild-hybrid system typically see anywhere from a 0.4 to 1.7 km/l (1.1 to 4.8 mpg‑imp;0.9 to 4.0 mpg‑US) improvement in fuel economy relative to comparable models without the technology – a saving of 2 to 8 percent.[4]

Dual mild hybrids

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These contain two different energy recovery systems.

TheMercedes-Benz C-Class (W206),Mercedes-AMG SL 43 (R232),the Mercedes-AMG CLE 53, the petrolMercedes C254/X254,and the Porsche 911 Carrera GTS T-Hybrid have anelectrically-assisted turbocharger/MGU-H.[5][6][7]

Criticisms

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There is doubt on whether mild hybrids should be classified as hybrid or have EV (electric vehicle) in their MHEV abbreviation as they cannot be powered only by electricity at any time.[8]Their emissions reduction is often so low that the impact on environment is negligible and may be seen asgreenwashing.[9]

Examples

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General Motors

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General Motorsmild hybrids, including theParallel Hybrid Truck(PHT) and numerous cars and SUVs equipped with the belt alternator starter (BAS) hybridsystem, often use a36- to 48-volt systemto supply the power needed for the startup motor, as well as a source of power to compensate for the increasing number of electronic accessories on modern vehicles.[10]GM's belt alternator starter (BAS) mild hybrid system uses a belt drive to start theinternal combustion engine(ICE) through its motor–generator unit (MGU); then once started, the engine drives the 14.5 kW motor-generator to charge the batteries. The BAS hybrid system also utilizesregenerative brakingto replenish the system's 36 V battery and can provide moderate levels of power assist. According to the EPA, a 2009 Saturn Vue Greenline equipped with the BAS hybrid system delivers a 27% improvement in combined fuel economy over the non-hybrid version (FWD 4cyl).[11]

Others

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Toyota Crown SedanSuper Deluxe Mild Hybrid

During the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing in August, Chinese automobile manufacturerChang'an Motorssupplied a number of hybrid-drive cars as taxis for the athletes and spectators. The power electronics for the "mild hybrid" drive was supplied byInfineon.[12]

Toyotasold mild hybrid versions of theToyota Crownexecutive sedan between 2001 and 2003 and the mid-sizeCrown Sedanbetween 2002 and 2008 in the Japanese domestic market.[13][14]

MINIandBMWhave start and stop, and some with regenerative braking, in all of their vehicles sold in Europe running 4-cylinder engines with manual transmissions.[15]

Citroënproposes astop and startsystem on itsC2andC3models.[16]The concept-carC5 Airscapehas an improved version of that, adding regenerative braking and traction assistance functionalities, andultracapacitorsfor energy buffering.[17]

In 2004VWbrought two mild hybrid concept cars to Shanghai for the Challenge Bibendum.[18]

Most hybrids use gasoline engines, but some use diesel engines, such as the Hyundai 1.6.[19] In 2021Land Roverstarted selling theRange RoverSport D350, which runs on the 3.0-litre D300 Ingenium diesel engine.[20][21][22][23][24]

TheGenesis G90andGenesis GV80 Coupeoffer mild hybrid options with anelectric supercharger.[25][26]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Pilot Project MOVELE: An initiative of the IDAE in favour of energy efficiency in transport"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2009-05-30.Retrieved2013-08-09.
  2. ^Sam Abuelsamid (2009-04-03)."What is a mild hybrid?".AutoblogGreen.Retrieved2010-03-22.
  3. ^"Maruti Suzuki Ciaz Hybrid / SHVS working - All you need to know".Indian Car News. 2015-08-25.Retrieved2017-01-01.
  4. ^"Types of Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicles (MHEV) – x-engineer.org".
  5. ^"New 442bhp Mercedes-AMG CLE53: double turbos, six cylinders, all-wheel drive".CAR Magazine.
  6. ^Perkins, Chris (2023-02-10)."How Electric Turbochargers Are Changing Internal Combustion".
  7. ^"Porsche 911 GTS Hybrid (MGU-H) - EXPLAINED".2024-05-29 – via YouTube.
  8. ^"Don't be fooled! Mild hybrids aren't 'real' hybrids - the term for the minor fuel-saving technology is just a (really) bad marketing joke | Opinion".CarsGuide.Retrieved2024-04-11.
  9. ^Frankland, Olly (2021-07-21)."The rise of the mild hybrid – a steppingstone technology or greenwash? - Regen".Retrieved2024-04-11.
  10. ^"MIT/Industry Consortium on Advanced Automotive Electrical/Electronic Components and Systems".2004-09-17. Archived fromthe originalon 2004-09-17.
  11. ^"Compare Cars Side-by-Side".Fueleconomy.gov.Retrieved2017-01-01.
  12. ^"News | Electronics EETimes".Eetimes.eu.Retrieved2017-01-01.
  13. ^"History of Toyota - 75 years - Crown vehicle lineage".Toyota.Retrieved2022-01-27.
  14. ^"The Widespread Introduction of the TOYOTA Mild Hybrid Cars (HEV) May Promote an Earlier Introduction of 42V Cars".2009-10-23. Archived fromthe originalon 2009-10-23.
  15. ^"Reliance Electric FlexPak 3000 40FR4042 | Automation Industrial".40fr4042.Retrieved2023-12-16.
  16. ^"Citroën, the International website of Citroën".Citroen.Archived fromthe originalon 2013-10-29.Retrieved2017-01-01.
  17. ^"Citroën, the International website of Citroën".Citroen.Archived fromthe originalon 2013-10-29.Retrieved2017-01-01.
  18. ^"VW Brings Diesel Mild-Hybrid Concept to Shanghai".Green Car Congress. 2004-10-13.Retrieved2017-01-01.
  19. ^Panait, Mircea (2019-03-29)."Here's How the Hyundai Mild-Hybrid 1.6 CRDi Turbo Diesel Works".autoevolution.
  20. ^"Land Rover Defender gains plug-in hybrid electric power, six-cylinder diesel and new X-Dynamic model"(Press release). UK: Land Rover. 2020-09-09.Retrieved2024-01-02.
  21. ^"Land Rover adds hybrid diesel model to plug-in electric Range Rover".2020-07-15.
  22. ^"Range Rover Sport Hybrid Review".
  23. ^"2022 Range Rover Sport D300 First Drive: The Right Diesel Engine at the Wrong Time".2022-01-04.
  24. ^"2021 Range Rover - new 3.0 litre mild-hybrid diesel engine, limited edition Westminster editions launched".paultan.org.2020-07-15.
  25. ^"2023 Genesis G90 In US Getting Mild-Hybrid V6 With Electric Supercharger".Motor1.
  26. ^"Big Genesis GV80 SUV gets sporty GV80 Coupe variant, and a facelift".Auto Express.
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