Mino Province

Mino Province(Mỹ nùng quốc,Mino no kuni)was aprovince of Japanin the area of Japan that is today southernGifu Prefecture.Mino was bordered byŌmito the west,EchizenandHidato the north,Shinanoto the east, andIse,Mikawa,andOwarito the south. Its abbreviated form name wasNōshūorJōshū(Nùng châu).Under theEngishikiclassification system, Mino was ranked as one of the 13 "great countries" ( đại quốc ) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" ( gần quốc ) in terms of distance from the capital. Theprovincial capitalandichinomiyawere located in what is now the town ofTarui.

Mino Province Mỹ nùng quốc
pre-Meiji period Japan
701–1871
Map of Japanese provinces (1868) with Mino Province highlighted
Capital	Tarui
Area
• Coordinates	35°22′39″N136°31′26″E
History
•Ritsuryōsystem	701
• Disestablished	1871
Today part of	Gifu Prefecture

Hiroshigeukiyo-e"Hida" in "The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States" ( 60 Dư Châu danh sở đồ sẽ ), depicting aYōrō Falls

Historical record

"Mino" is an ancient place name, and appears inmokkanwooden tags from the ruins ofAsuka-kyō,Fujiwara-kyō,and other ancient sites, but using thekanji"Tam dã quốc". Per theKujiki,there were originally three separate countries in Mino, centered around what is nowŌgaki,Ōno,andKakamigahara.Each had its ownKuni no miyatsuko,and together with Motosu (in eastern Gifu) and Mugetsu (in north-central Gifu), these five entities were joined under Yamato rule to form the province of Mino. The use of thekanji"Mỹ nùng" is found in theKojikiand became prevalent in theNara period.Early Mino included much ofKiso Districtin Shinano and portions of northern Owari. The route of the ancientTōsandōhighway connecting the ancient capitals of Japan and the eastern provinces passed through Mino, and even in 713 AD, records indicate that the road was widened to accommodate increasing numbers of travelers.

TheNihon ShokiandShoku Nihongiindicates that numerous immigrants from theHata clanand fromSillasettled in Mino in theAsukaand Nara periods.

During theKamakuraandMuromachi Period,theToki clanheld the position ofshugoof Mino Province. During theSengoku period,Saitō Dōsanusurped political power from the Toki, and later the province was conquered byOda Nobunaga.TheBattle of Sekigaharatook place at the western edge of Mino, near the mountains between theChūbu Regionand theKinki Region.With the establishment of theTokugawa Shogunate,severalfeudal domainswere established in Mino. At the time of theMeiji restoration,Mino was divided into 18 districts, which in turn were divided into 131 subdistricts and 1561 villages. The total assessedkokudakaof the province was 654,872koku.

Historical districts

Mino Province consisted of twenty-one districts:

• Gifu Prefecture
  • Anpachi District( an tám quận ) – absorbed parts of Taki District; but lost parts to Kaisai and Shimoishizu Districts to becomeKaizu District( hải tân quận ) on April 1, 1896
  • Atsumi District( hậu thấy quận ) – merged with Kakami and parts of Katagata Districts to becomeInaba District( đạo diệp quận ) on April 1, 1896
  • Ena District( huệ kia quận ) – dissolved
  • Fuwa District( không phá quận )
  • Gujō District( quận thượng quận ) – dissolved
  • Haguri District( vũ lật quận ) – merged with Nakashima District to becomeHashima District( vũ đảo quận ) on April 1, 1896
  • Ikeda District( trì điền quận ) – merged with parts of Ōno (Mino) Districts to becomeIbi District( ấp phỉ quận ) on April 1, 1896
  • Ishizu District( thạch tân quận )
    • Kamiishizu District( thượng thạch tân quận ) – merged with parts of Taki District to becomeYōrō District( dưỡng lão quận ) on April 1, 1896
    • Shimoishizu District( hạ thạch tân quận ) – merged with Kaisai and parts of Anpachi Districts to become Kaizu District on April 1, 1896
  • Kaisai District( hải tây quận ) – merged with Shimoishizu and parts of Anpachi Districts to become Kaizu District on April 1, 1896
  • Kakami District( các vụ quận ) – merged with Atsumi and parts of Katagata Districts to become Inaba District on April 1, 1896
  • Kamo District( thêm mậu quận )
  • Kani District( nhưng nhi quận )
  • Katagata District( thạch tân quận ) – dissolved to split and merged into parts of Inaba, Motosu and Yamagata Districts on April 1, 1896
  • Mugi District( võ nghi quận ) – dissolved
  • Mushiroda District( tịch điền quận ) – merged with former Motosu, parts of Katagata and parts of Ōno (Mino) Districts to becomeMotosu District( bổn 巣 quận ) on April 1, 1896
  • Nakashima District( trung đảo quận ) – merged with Haguri District to become Hashima District on April 1, 1896
  • Ōno District (Mino)( đại dã quận ) – dissolved to split and merged into parts of Motosu and Ibi Districts on April 1, 1896
  • Taki District( thạch tân quận ) – dissolved to split and merged into parts of Yōrō and Anpachi Districts on April 1, 1896
  • Toki District( thổ kỳ quận ) – dissolved
  • Yamagata District( sơn huyện quận ) – absorbed parts of Katagata District on April 1, 1896; now dissolved

Shugo

Below is an incomplete list of theshugowho controlled Mino Province and the years of their control:

Kamakura shogunate

• Ōuchi Koreyoshi( đại nội duy nghĩa ), 1187–1211
• Ōuchi Korenobu( đại nội duy tin ), until 1221
• Utunomiya Yasutsuna( vũ đều cung thái cương ), from 1252
• Hōjō clan,from 1285
• Hōjō Tokimura( bắc điều khi thôn ), 1296–1300
• Hōjō Masataka( bắc điều chính cao ), until 1333

Muromachi shogunate

• Toki Yorisada( thổ kỳ lại trinh ), 1336–1339
• Toki Yoritō( thổ kỳ lại xa ), 1339–1342
• Toki Yoriyasu( thổ kỳ lại khang ), 1342–1387
• Toki Yasuyuki( thổ kỳ khang hành ), 1387–1389
• Toki Yoritada( thổ kỳ lại trung ), 1390–1394
• Toki Yorimasu( thổ kỳ lại ích ), 1395–1414
• Toki Mochimasu( thổ kỳ cầm ích ), 1422–1465
• Toki Shigeyori( thổ kỳ thành lại ), 1468–1495
• Toki Masafusa( thổ kỳ chính phòng ), 1495–1519
• Toki Yorinari( thổ kỳ lại vân ), 1519–1542

Edo period Domains

Domains in Mino Province

Name	HQ	Daimyō&kokudaka
Ōgaki Domain	Ōgaki Castle	Ishikawa clan:50,000; 1601–1616 (transfer toHita Domain) Hisamatsu-Matsudaira clan:20,000; 1616–1624 (transfer toKomoro Domain) Okabe clan:50,000; 1624–1633 (transfer to Tatsuno Domain]) Matsudaira clan:60,000; 1633–1635 (transfer toKuwana Domain) Toda clan:100,000,1635–1871
Ōgaki Shinden Domain	Hatamura jin'ya	Toda clan:10,000; 1688–1871
Gujō Domain	Gujō Hachiman Castle	Endo clan:27,000→24,000; 1600–1692 (attainder) Inoue clan:50,000; 1692–1697 (transfer toKameyama Domain) Kanemori clan:38,000; 1697–1758 (attainder due to mismanagement) Aoyama clan:48,000; 1758–1871
Kanō Domain	Kanō Castle	Okudaira clan:100,000; 1601–1632 (attainder) Ōkubo clan:50,000; 1632–1639 (transfer toAkashi Domain) Toda-Matsudaira clan:70,000; 1639–1711 (transfer toYodo Domain) Andō clan:65,000→50,000; 1711–1756 (transfer toIwakitaira Domain) Nagai clan:32,000; 1711–1871
Iwamura Domain	Iwamura Castle	Ogyū-Matsudaira clan:20,000; 1601–1638 (transfer fromHamamatsu Domain) Niwa clan:20,000; 1638–1702 (transfer toTakayanagi Domain) Ogyū-Matsudaira clan: 20,000→30,000; 1702–1871
Naegi Domain	Naegi Castle	Tōyama clan:10,000; 1600–1871
Takatomi Domain	Takatomi jin'ya	Honjo clan:10,000; 1709–1871
Imao Domain	Imao Castle Imao jin'ya	Ichihashi clan:20,000; 1600–1610 (transfer toYabase Domain Takenokoshi clan: 10,000→20,000→30,000→20,000; 1611–1871 (as part of Owari Domain)
Takasu Domain	Takasu Castle Takasu jin'ya	Tokunaga clan: 50,000; 1600–1628 (attainder) Ogasawara clan:22,000; 1640–1691 (transfer to Katsuyama Domain) Owari Tokugawa clan:30,000; 1700–1870 (as part ofOwari Domain)
Kurono Domain	Kurono Castle	Kato calan:40,000; 1600–1610 (transfer toYonago Domain)
Ibi Domain	Ibi Castle	Nishio clan: 30,000→25,500; 1600–1623 (attainder)
Kaneyama Domain		Matsudaira clan:25,000; 1600–1601 (transfer toHamamatsu Domain)
Kozuchi Domain	Ogurayama Castle	Kanemori clan:18,000→20,000; 1600–1611 (attainder)
Jushichijo Domain	Jushichijo Castle	Inaba clan:10,000→20,000, 1607–1627 (transfer to Moka Domain)
Aono Domain	Aono jin'ya	Inaba clan:12,000; 1681–1684 (attainder)
Seki Domain	Seki jin'ya	Oshima clan:18,000 1600–1604 (reduced tohatamotoholding)
Kiyomizu Domain	Kiyomisu Castle	Inaba clan:12,000; 1600–1607 (attainder)
Iwataki Domain	Iwataki Jin'ya	Honjo clan:1,000: 1705–1709 (reelected to Takatomi Domai )
Tokuno Domain	Tokuno jin'ya	Hiraoka clan: 10,000; 1604–1653 (attainder)
Nomura Domain		Oda clan:10,000; 1600–1631 (attainder)
Mino-Hasegawa Domain		Hasegawa clan:10,000 1617–1635 (divided intohatamotoholdings)
Mino-Wakisaka Domain		Wakisaka clan:10,000; 1615–1632 (attainder)

Geography

Mino and Owari provinces were separated by theSakai River,which means "border river."

References

• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéricand Käthe Roth. (2005).Japan encyclopedia.Cambridge:Harvard University Press.ISBN978-0-674-01753-5;OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac.(1834).Annales des empereurs du Japon(Nihon Odai Ichiran). Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.OCLC 5850691.

Other websites

Media related toMino Provinceat Wikimedia Commons

• Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903