Monroeis theninth-largest cityin theU.S. stateofLouisiana,and is theparish seatand largest city ofOuachita Parish.With a2020 census-tabulated population of 47,702,[4]it is the principal city of theMonroe metropolitan statistical area,the second-largest metropolitan area inNorth Louisiana.
Monroe, Louisiana[1] | |
|---|---|
 Downtown Monroe | |
![Official seal of Monroe, Louisiana[1]](/translate/en.m.wikipedia.org?u=https%3A%2F%2Fen.m.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AMonroe_LA_Seal.jpg&t=vi) Seal | |
| Nickname: Twin Cities of Northeast Louisiana (along withWest Monroe) | |
| Motto: "Oneroe" | |
 Location of Monroe inOuachita Parish,Louisiana | |
  Monroe Location in the United States | |
| Coordinates:32°30′34″N92°07′06″W/ 32.50944°N 92.11833°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Louisiana |
| Parish | Ouachita |
| Founded | 1785 |
| Incorporated (town) | 1845 |
| Incorporated(city) | 1906 |
| Named for | thesteamboatJames Monroe |
| Government | |
| •Mayor | Friday Ellis (I) |
| •City Council | Members List |
| Area | |
•City | 32.91 sq mi (85.23 km2) |
| • Land | 29.66 sq mi (76.80 km2) |
| • Water | 3.25 sq mi (8.42 km2) |
| Elevation | 72 ft (22 m) |
| Population | |
•City | 47,702 |
• Estimate (2023)[5] | 46,616 |
| • Rank | US: 857th LA:8th |
| • Density | 1,608.57/sq mi (621.08/km2) |
| •Urban | 119,964 (US:280th) |
| •Metro | 222,695 (US:212nd) |
| Urban area includes Monroe-West Monroe | |
| Demonym | Monroyan |
| Time zone | UTC−6(Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5(CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 71201, 71202, 71203, 71207, 71209, 71210, 71211, 71212, 71213, 71217 |
| Area code | 318 |
| FIPS code | 22-51410 |
| GNISfeature ID | 2404283[3] |
| Sales tax | 10.44%[6] |
| Website | monroela.us |
Etymology
editAsgovernor of Louisiana,Esteban Rodríguez MiróhadFort Mirobuilt in 1791.[7]Fort Miro changed its name to Monroe to commemorate the first arrival of thesteamboatJames Monroein the spring of 1820.[8]The ship's arrival was the single event, in the minds of local residents, that transformed the outpost into atown.
Credit for the name is indirectly given toJames MonroeofVirginia,the fifthPresident of the United States,for whom the ship was named. The steamboat is depicted in amuralat the main branch of the Ouachita Parish Public Library.
History
editEarly history–late 20th century
editMonroe's origins date back to theSpanish colonial period.
As the 19th century began, the entireOuachita Valleyregion... was part of Spanish colonial holdings.Ouachita Parishencompassed the area between theRedand theMississippiRivers, from north ofConcordiaandRapides Parishto theMissouri.The area was sparsely populated, primarily by itinerant hunters and trappers until late in the 18th century. Under Spanish colonial rule, Jean Baptiste Filhiol was sent from South Louisiana to oversee the settlement of the Poste du Ouachita in 1781. In 1785 Filhiol designatedPrairie des Canots,now Monroe... as the governmental center of the Poste du Ouachita. In response to a petition by the settlers, a fortification was built in 1791 and named Fort Miro in honor of the Spanish governor,Estavan Miro.
— Susan Sirmans,Pharmacy and Medicine in Nineteenth-Century Ouachita Parish, Louisiana[9]
Fort Miro changed its name to Monroe to commemorate the first arrival of thesteamboatJames Monroein the spring of 1820 (see "Etymology" above).[8]
In 1913,Joseph A. Biedenharn,the first bottler ofCoca-Cola,moved to Monroe from Vicksburg, Mississippi. Biedenharn and his son Malcolm were among the founders ofDelta Air Lines,originally Delta Dusters. That company was founded inTallulah, Louisianain Madison Parish. It was based on products and processes developed by the Agriculture Experimental Station to dust crops from airplanes in order to combat the devastating effects that theboll weevilhad on cotton crops. Biedenharn's home and gardens have been preserved and are now operated as theBiedenharn Museum and Gardensand are open to the public.[10]
Collett E. Woolman,the Ouachita Parish agent, was originally fromIndiana.He pioneeredcrop dustingto eradicate theboll weevil,which destroyedcottonthroughout theMississippi Deltain the early 20th century. Woolman originated the first crop-dusting service in the world.[11]The collapse of cotton production meant a widespread loss of farm jobs, which contributed to the early-20th-centuryGreat Migration,when a total of 1.5 millionAfrican-Americansleft the ruralSouthfor jobs innorthernandmidwesterncities. They were also escaping the oppressive racial conditions and violence underJim Crowand thedisenfranchisementthat excluded most blacks from the political system.
Howard D. Griffin (1911–1986) purchased a boat dealership in 1936 while a student at what became theUniversity of Louisiana Monroe.By the 1960s, Griffin's company had become the world's largest outboard motor dealership, and he also soldmotorcycles.From 1955 to 1985, Griffin and his wife, Birdie M. Griffin (1915–1985), operated their seasonal Land O' Toys store in Monroe.[12]
Geography
editLocated in northeastern Louisiana, Monroe is the center of theMonroe metropolitan statistical area.It is the parish seat ofOuachita Parish,and northeastern Louisiana's economic and cultural hub. Monroe has an elevation of 72 feet (21.9 m) above sea level.[13]According to theUnited States Census Bureau,the city has a total area of 31.6 square miles (83.9 km2), of which, 28.7 square miles (74.3 km2) is land and 3.7 square miles (9.6 km2) is water. The total area is 11.46% water.
Climate
edit
Monroe has ahumid subtropical climate(Köppen climate classificationCfa). Rainfall is abundant, with the normal annual precipitation averaging over 51 inches (1.3 m). Monthly averages range from less than 3 inches (76 mm) in August to more than 5 inches (130 mm) in June. Severe thunderstorms with heavyrain,hail,damagingwindsandtornadoesoccur in the area during the spring and summer months.
The winter months are normally mild, with an average of 35 days of freezing or below-freezing temperatures per year, with ice andsleetstorms possible. Summer months are hot and humid, with maximum temperatures exceeding 90 degrees an average of 91 days per year, with high to very high relative average humidity, sometimes exceeding the 90 percent level.
| Climate data for Monroe, Louisiana (Monroe Regional Airport), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 86 (30) |
89 (32) |
95 (35) |
97 (36) |
104 (40) |
108 (42) |
109 (43) |
108 (42) |
107 (42) |
101 (38) |
90 (32) |
89 (32) |
109 (43) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 75.6 (24.2) |
78.7 (25.9) |
84.2 (29.0) |
88.2 (31.2) |
92.7 (33.7) |
96.5 (35.8) |
99.5 (37.5) |
100.2 (37.9) |
97.2 (36.2) |
90.9 (32.7) |
82.8 (28.2) |
78.0 (25.6) |
101.3 (38.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 57.0 (13.9) |
61.1 (16.2) |
69.1 (20.6) |
76.8 (24.9) |
84.4 (29.1) |
90.5 (32.5) |
93.2 (34.0) |
93.6 (34.2) |
88.7 (31.5) |
78.8 (26.0) |
67.3 (19.6) |
59.0 (15.0) |
76.6 (24.8) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 46.8 (8.2) |
50.7 (10.4) |
58.1 (14.5) |
65.5 (18.6) |
73.8 (23.2) |
80.3 (26.8) |
82.8 (28.2) |
82.5 (28.1) |
77.1 (25.1) |
66.3 (19.1) |
55.6 (13.1) |
48.8 (9.3) |
65.7 (18.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 36.7 (2.6) |
40.2 (4.6) |
47.2 (8.4) |
54.2 (12.3) |
63.1 (17.3) |
70.1 (21.2) |
72.5 (22.5) |
71.4 (21.9) |
65.5 (18.6) |
53.7 (12.1) |
43.9 (6.6) |
38.6 (3.7) |
54.8 (12.7) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 21.3 (−5.9) |
26.0 (−3.3) |
30.6 (−0.8) |
38.8 (3.8) |
50.0 (10.0) |
61.6 (16.4) |
66.6 (19.2) |
64.9 (18.3) |
52.4 (11.3) |
37.8 (3.2) |
28.4 (−2.0) |
24.4 (−4.2) |
19.7 (−6.8) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −1 (−18) |
−2 (−19) |
18 (−8) |
31 (−1) |
39 (4) |
51 (11) |
55 (13) |
51 (11) |
35 (2) |
29 (−2) |
19 (−7) |
5 (−15) |
−2 (−19) |
| Averageprecipitationinches (mm) | 5.15 (131) |
4.65 (118) |
5.21 (132) |
5.83 (148) |
4.43 (113) |
4.45 (113) |
3.94 (100) |
3.56 (90) |
3.55 (90) |
4.95 (126) |
4.16 (106) |
5.22 (133) |
55.10 (1,400) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.6 (1.5) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.9 (2.3) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 10.2 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 8.3 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 7.6 | 6.8 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 9.9 | 106.2 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.1 in) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.0 |
| Source:NOAA(snow 1981–2010)[14][15][16] | |||||||||||||
Notable natural disasters
editMarch 2016 flood
editIn March 2016, rainfall amounts ranging between 15 and 20 inches fell area-wide over 3 days, more than any 3-day period ever previously recorded. InOuachita Parishalone, there were 9,500 homes with flood damage, and 5,400 were completely flooded. More than 1,700 high-water rescues were performed.[17]
2020 tornado
editAs part of the2020 Easter tornado outbreak,on April 12, the community was struck by alow-end EF3 tornado.Damage was severe, but there were no deaths or injuries due to advance warnings.[18]
Demographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 435 | — | |
| 1870 | 1,949 | — | |
| 1880 | 2,070 | 6.2% | |
| 1890 | 3,256 | 57.3% | |
| 1900 | 5,428 | 66.7% | |
| 1910 | 10,209 | 88.1% | |
| 1920 | 12,675 | 24.2% | |
| 1930 | 26,028 | 105.3% | |
| 1940 | 28,309 | 8.8% | |
| 1950 | 38,572 | 36.3% | |
| 1960 | 52,219 | 35.4% | |
| 1970 | 56,374 | 8.0% | |
| 1980 | 57,597 | 2.2% | |
| 1990 | 54,909 | −4.7% | |
| 2000 | 53,107 | −3.3% | |
| 2010 | 48,815 | −8.1% | |
| 2020 | 47,702 | −2.3% | |
| 2023 (est.) | 46,616 | [5] | −2.3% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[19] 2020 Census[4] | |||
| Race | Number | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| White(non-Hispanic) | 14,398 | 30.18% |
| Black or African American(non-Hispanic) | 30,166 | 63.24% |
| Native American | 84 | 0.18% |
| Asian | 835 | 1.75% |
| Pacific Islander | 10 | 0.02% |
| Other/mixed | 1,221 | 2.56% |
| HispanicorLatino | 988 | 2.07% |
As of the2020 census,there were 47,702 people, 17,327 households, and 9,811 families residing in the city. At the 2019American Community Survey,there were 48,241 people and 17,327 households. In 2010, the population was 48,815, declining from the city's historic high of 57,597 at the1980 U.S. census.
Of the 17,327householdsin 2019, there were 7,409 owner-occupied housing units. An estimated 3,493 of owner-occupied housing units weremarried couplesliving together; 354 were male households with no female present, and 927 were female households with no male present. There was an average family size of 3.58; 27.4% of all households were married couples living together, 29.8% were male households with no female present, and 46.4% were female households with no male present.
Themedian incomefor a household in the city was $30,438 versus $51,073 nationwide. Families had an annual median income of $38,374, married-couple families $75,089, and non-family households $21,210. Approximately 36.8% of the population lived at or below thepoverty line;54.1% under 18 years, 32.2% aged 18 to 16, and 21.3% aged 65 and older lived at or below the poverty line in 2019.
In 2019, the racial and ethnic makeup of the city was 62.0%Black or African American,32.7%non-Hispanic or Latin American white,0.2%American Indian and Alaska Native,0.8%Asian,1.0% some other race, 0.9%two or more races,and 2.3%Hispanic and Latin Americanof any race.[21]Among the Hispanic and Latin American population at the 2019 American Community Survey, the largest groups wereMexican Americans(1.2%) andPuerto Ricans(0.1%). Other Hispanic and Latin Americans made up 1.0% of the total population.VietnameseandChinese Americanswere the largest Asian American groups in the city, followed byAsian Indians;the Vietnamese community in Monroe and the rest of Louisiana grew following theVietnam War.[22]
Religion
edit
As part of theBible Belt,Christianityis the largest religion in Monroe, the city'smetropolitan area,andNorth Louisiana.[23]In common with much of northern andCentral Louisiana,Baptistsmakes up the largestChristian denominationby affiliation. As a predominantly-African-American city, the largestBaptist denominationsare theNational Baptist Convention, USA;theNational Baptist Convention of America;and theProgressive National Baptist Convention.TheSouthern Baptist Conventionalso has churches throughout the Monroe area.[24]
Methodismmake up the second-largest Christian denomination by affiliation, primarily divided among theAfrican Methodist EpiscopalandChristian Methodist Episcopalchurches. TheCatholic Churchis the third-largest, and the city's Catholic population is served by theRoman Catholic Diocese of Shreveportas of 2021.[25]Pentecostalismis a growing tradition among the population, divided among Classical Pentecostals, andOneness Pentecostals.TheChurch of God in ChristandUnited Pentecostal Churchare the largest Pentecostal denominations in the city and metropolitan area; there are also some independent Oneness Pentecostal churches in the city.
Islamis Monroe's second-largest religion.Muslimsare predominantlySunni,though theNation of Islamalso maintains a presence in the area. FormermayorJamie Mayo controversially awarded akey to the cityto the head of the Nation of IslamLouis Farrakhan.[26][27]
Judaismis Monroe's third-largest religion, with most being of theReformdenomination. Temple B'nai Israel, established in 1868, is Monroe's oldestsynagogue.[28][29]
Economy
edit
Top employers
edit
According to the city's 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[30]the largest employers in the city are:
| # | Employer | # of employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ouachita Parish School Board | 2,844 |
| 2 | Lumen Technologies, Inc.(formerly CenturyLink) | 2,360 |
| 3 | St. Francis Specialty Hospital | 1,584 |
| 4 | Monroe City Schools | 1,348 |
| 5 | IASIS Healthcare(Glenwood Regional Medical Center) | 1,156 |
| 6 | City of Monroe | 1,105 |
| 7 | JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | 930 |
| 8 | Walmart(three locations) | 912 |
| 9 | University of Louisiana at Monroe | 885 |
| 10 | Graphic Packaging Holding Company | 840 |
Shopping
edit- Pecanland Mallhas major anchor stores:Belk,Dillard's,andJC Penney.The largest mall inNorth Louisiana,it has a total of 83 retail stores.[31]
Government
edit
Monroe uses amayor–council form of government.It is led by a city council consisting of a mayor and five councilors. The mayor is elected at large and city councilors are elected by members of a geographic district. The city council holds meetings the second and fourth Tuesday of every month at 6:00pm. The agenda is posted at city hall 5 days prior to the meeting. Each city council meeting has time for public comment.[32]
In theLouisiana State Legislature,Monroe is in the33rdand34thSenate districts, represented byRepublicanStewart Cathey Jr.andDemocratKatrina Jackson,and the 14th, 16th, and 17th House districts, represented by Republican Michael Charles Echols, and Democrats Adrian Fisher and Patricia "Pat" Moore.[33][34]
Monroe is located inLouisiana's 5th congressional district,represented byJulia Letlowin theUnited States House of Representatives.
Art and culture
edit
TheMonroe Civic Centerhas multiple facilities, the main complex being the Civic Center arena.[35]The arena provides 44,000 square feet (4,100 m2) of exhibit space along with 5,600 seats, with a larger potential capacity of up to 7,200 seats. The arena houses events such asbanquets,circuses,androdeos.
The center also holds the B. D. Robinson Conference Hall,[36]Monroe Convention Center,[37]equestrian pavilion, and the 2,200-seat W. L. Jack Howard Theatre[38]named forW. L. "Jack" Howard,theUnion Parishnative who served as mayor of Monroe from 1956 to 1972 and again from 1976 to 1978. TheHarvey H. Benoit Recreation Centeris used forbasketballgames and has outdoortenniscourts.[39]
During the last week of June, Monroe hosts the annualMiss Louisianapageant.[40]
Monroe is the home of theLouisiana Purchase Gardens and Zoo,which collectively maintains over 500 animals. It also offers boat rides and a catwalk, in addition to other seasonal activities.[41]
The Monroe area is home to several museums, including theNortheast Louisiana Children's Museum,[42][43]theBiedenharn Museum and Gardens,[44]theChennault Aviation and Military Museum,[45][46]theMasur Museum of Arts,[47]and theNortheast Louisiana Delta African-American Heritage Museum.[48][49]This is one of the 26 sites identified in the early 21st century as part of the state'sAfrican American Heritage Trail.[50]
Parks and Recreation
editMonroe is home to theBlack Bayou Lake National Wildlife Refuge.Admission is free.
Parks
editThe City of Monroe owns and operates 17 city parks.[51]
- Jesse Williams Park
- Lamyville/Magnolia Park
- Charles Johnson Park
- Orange Street Park
- Mt. Nebo Playground Park
- Anita Lane Park
- Hawthorne Street Park
- Myrtle Street Park
- Jasmine Street/Civic Street Park
- Triangle/Stuart Park
- Lida Benton Playground
- Anna Grey Noe Park
- Henry Bry Park
- River Oaks Neighborhood Park
- Sherrouse Neighborhood Park
- Forsythe Point Recreation Area
- Forsythe Park
Golf
edit- Bayou Desiard Country Club
- Chennault Golf Course
- Frenchman's Bend Country Club
- The Links at Muny, Forsythe Park
Professional Sports
editMonroe was home to theMonroe Moccasinsminor league hockey team in the Western Professional Hockey League from 1997 to 2001. The team will resume play in 2024.
Media
editTheGannettownedNews Staris the primary daily newspaper serving Monroe and area.
Monroe is served by two African-American-owned weekly newspapers: theMonroe Free Pressand theMonroe Dispatch.The Free Presswas founded in 1969 by Roosevelt Wright, Jr., andThe Dispatchwas founded in 1975 by Irma and Frank Detiege.The Ouachita Citizenis a locally owned and operated weekly newspaper that was founded in 1924. It has all-local coverage of events in Ouachita Parish, including Monroe,West Monroe,SterlingtonandRichwood.
Television
editMonroe is the principal city of the Monroe media market for television. BothKNOE-TVandKTVEoffer a full range of network and local daily news programming.
Radio
editMonroe is served by local radio stationKJLO,[52]andKMVX,[53]that also broadKMLBAM 540.[54]
Emergency alert stations
edit- KMLB-KNOE 540 AM
- KMVX-KNOE 101.9 FM
- KNOE TV 8
- KTVE-TV 10
- KARD-TV 14
Education
edit
Colleges and universities
edit- Career Technical College
- Louisiana Delta Community College
- McCann School of Business & Technology
- Northeast Louisiana Technical College
- UniTech Training Academy
- University of Louisiana Monroe
K-12 education
editThe city is within theMonroe City Schoolsschool district, which uses the city boundaries as its boundary.[55]The school district consists of three high schools, three junior high schools, and 18 elementary schools.[56]The Monroe school district operates the following high schools:
The Monroe district is separate from the largerOuachita Parish School System,which does not include any part of the Monroe city limits.[55]The Ouachita Parish school district formerly had its headquarters in Monroe.[57]Ouachita Junior High School is physically in the Monroe city limits.[58]Ouachita Parish High Schoolhas a Monroe postal address, though it is in anunincorporated area.[59]The attendance boundaries of both schools do not include any part of the city limits.
Schools of theRoman Catholic Diocese of Shreveport:
- St. Frederick Catholic High School
- Jesus the Good Shepherd School - Began operations in 1960[60]
- Our Lady of Fatima Catholic School[61]
Other private schools in the area include:
- River Oaks Schoolhas a Monroe postal address though it is outside of the city limits[62]
Infrastructure
editNational Guard
editMonroe is home to the528th Engineer Battalionof theLouisianaArmy National Guard.This unit is part of the225th Engineer Brigadewhich is headquartered inPineville, LouisianaatLouisiana National Guard Training Center Pineville.
Transportation
editMonroe was the founding city ofDelta Air Linesin the 1920s. As the airline expanded, it moved toAtlanta.Monroe Regional Airportserves the city and northeast Louisiana. It has three main runways and is served by regional partners ofAmerican AirlinesandDelta Air Lines.
Greyhound Bus Linesprovides transportation from Monroe to many cities across the nation. Monroe has the oldest municipally-owned transit system in the nation. Created in 1906 as a four-line street railroad, the Monroe Transit System now provides 13 fixed bus routes covering most areas of the city, and three demand-response buses serving the disabled.[63]
Monroe can be accessed fromInterstate 20,U.S. Highway 165,Louisiana Highway 15,U.S. Highway 80,andInterstate 420(proposed).
Kansas City Southern,Union Pacific,BNSF,andNorfolk Southernservefreight trafficin the city.
Notable people
editReferences
edit- ^"Monroe, Louisiana - Code of Ordinances (Charter)".municode.RetrievedMay 20,2022.
- ^"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedJuly 24,2022.
- ^abU.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Monroe, Louisiana
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- ^"Monroe (LA) sales tax rate".RetrievedDecember 31,2023.
- ^[1]Northeast Passage, Louisiana Life, Winter 2003/2004
- ^abSirmans, Susan (2011)."Pharmacy and Medicine in Nineteenth-Century Ouachita Parish, Louisiana".Pharmacy in History.53(2/3):83–98.JSTOR23645709.PMID23045878.RetrievedMay 20,2022.
- ^Sirmans, Susan (February 3, 2024)."Pharmacy and Medicine in Nineteenth-Century Ouachita Parish, Louisiana".Pharmacy in History.53(2/3):83–98.JSTOR23645709.PMID23045878.
- ^"Biedenharn Museum and Gardens".goby.RetrievedAugust 18,2010.
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- ^ "Station: Monroe Regional Airport, LA".U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1981-2010).National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^Robichaud, Dylan (March 8, 2017)."Remembering the March 2016 flooding-Experts say it could happen again".knoe.RetrievedMay 24,2022.
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- ^Russell, Olivia (March 21, 2019)."Celebrating 150 years of Judaism in Northeast Louisiana".KNOE.RetrievedAugust 19,2021.
- ^"City of Monroe 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report"(PDF).December 30, 2023. p. 216.
- ^"Retail Space for Lease in Monroe, LA | Pecanland Mall".Brookfieldpropertiesretail.
- ^"How Your City Government Works".City of Monroe, Louisiana.RetrievedSeptember 13,2023.
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- ^"B.D. Robinson Conference Hall".City of Monroe, Louisiana.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Convention Center | Monroe Civic Center".RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
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- ^"Louisiana Purchase Gardens & Zoo".City of Monroe, Louisiana.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"General Info".Northeast Louisiana Children's Museum.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Northeast Louisiana Children's museum to relocate to Forsythe Park".KTVE - myarklamiss.July 2, 2021.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Monroe-WestMonroe - Biedenharn Museum & Gardens".monroe-westmonroe.org.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Home".Chennault Aviation Museum.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Chennault Military Museum".The Heart of Louisiana.September 15, 2020.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^Yoshonis, Scott."Masur Museum is back in business after COVID shutdown, tornado".The News-Star.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Northeast Louisiana Delta African American Heritage Museum".Country Roads Magazine.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"African American Heritage Museum: Celebrating a culture".The News-Star.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Walk along the African American Heritage Trail".NBC News.March 14, 2008.RetrievedAugust 20,2021.
- ^"Parks and Recreation".City of Monroe, Louisiana.RetrievedSeptember 13,2023.
- ^"Listen Live K-104 - KJLO FM 104.1 - Monroe".Streame.co.
- ^"Search results for KMVX online radios | Radio stations".Streame.co.
- ^"Listen Live Talk 540 - KMLB AM 540 - Monroe".Streame.co.
- ^ab"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Ouachita Parish, LA"(PDF).U.S. Census Bureau.RetrievedJanuary 4,2025.-Text list
- ^"Home - Monroe City Schools".Mcschools.net.
- ^.Ouachita Parish School Boardhttps://web.archive.org/web/19991004190758/http:// opsb.net/.Archived fromthe originalon October 4, 1999.RetrievedJanuary 4,2025.
{{cite web}}:Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^"Home".Ouachita Junior High School.RetrievedJanuary 4,2025.
5500 Blanks Street Monroe, Louisiana 71203
- Compare withUS Census Bureau map of the city, page 6 (PDF p. 7/9), find "Blanks St" - ^"Home".Ouachita Parish High School.RetrievedJanuary 4,2025.
681 Hwy 594 Monroe, Louisiana 71203
-Compare to this map pages 6-7 (PDF pp. 7-8/9). - ^"Home".Jesus the Good Shepherd School.RetrievedJanuary 4,2025.
900 Good Shepherd Lane Monroe, LA 71201
- ^"Home".Our Lady of Fatima Catholic School.RetrievedJanuary 4,2025.
3202 Franklin Street Monroe, LA 71201
- ^"Home".River Oaks School.RetrievedJanuary 4,2025.
600 Finks Hideaway Rd. Monroe, LA 71203
-Compare to this map page 4 (PDF p. 5/9). - ^"Monroe Transit".Archived fromthe originalon December 22, 2014.RetrievedFebruary 1,2015.
External links
edit- Official website
- .Encyclopedia Americana.1920.
- Reynolds, Francis J., ed. (1921)..Collier's New Encyclopedia.New York: P. F. Collier & Son Company.
