TheSerer-NdutorNdutalso spelt (NdouteorN'doute) are an ethnic group inSenegalnumbering 38600.[1] They are part of theSerer peoplewho collectively make up the third largest ethnic group in Senegal.[2]The Serer-Ndut live mostly in western Senegal in the district of Mont-Roland, northwest of the city ofThiès.
Culture
editTheir languageNdut,is one of theCangin languages,closely related toPalor.Like the other Cangin languages, the speakers are ethnicallySerersbut they do not speak theSerer-Sine language.
Their language is not a dialect of Serer-Sine (or Serer proper).[3]The people are agriculturalists and lake fishermen.
Religion
editSerer-Ndut people traditionally and still practice theSerer religionwhich involveshonouring the ancestorscovering all dimensions of life, death,cosmologyetc.[4][5]Their name for the Supreme Deity (Roog- in Serer religion) isKopé Tiatie Cac- (God the grandfatherin theNdut language).[6]TheNdut initiation rite,arite of passagein Serer religion takes its name from the Ndut language. Some Serer-Ndut are Catholic. The mainCatholic missionis at the town of Tiin.
History
editThe Serer people to which they are a sub-group of are the oldest inhabitants ofSenegambiaalong with theJola people.Their ancestors were dispersed throughout theSenegambia Regionand it is suggested that they built theSenegambian stone circles[7][8][9][10]although other sources suggest it was probably the Jola.[9][11]
The Ndut were also the original founders ofBiffecheas well as the Mt Rolland.[12][13][14][15]During the colonial period ofSenegal,both theFrench administrationandthe Muslim communities of Senegaltried toannihilatethe Serer-Ndut people.[16][17]They failed to achieve their objectives.
Notes
edit- ^Lewis, M. Paul (ed.), 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Ethnologue Figures of 2007
- ^Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie
- ^Guillaume Segerer& Florian Lionnet 2010."'Isolates' in 'Atlantic'"Archived2012-03-31 at theWayback Machine.Language Isolates in Africaworkshop, Lyon, Dec. 4
- ^Issa Laye Thiaw."La Religiosite de Seereer, Avant et pendant leur Islamisation". Ethiopiques no: 54, Revue semestrielle de Culture Négro-Africaine. Nouvelle série, volume 7, 2e Semestre 1991
- ^Gravramd, Henry,"La Civilisation Sereer -Pangool,Les Nouvelles Editions Africaines duSenegal,(1990), p. 9.ISBN2-7236-1055-1
- ^(in French)Ndiaye, Ousmane Sémou, "Diversité et unicité sérères: l’exemple de la région de Thiès", Éthiopiques, no 54, vol. 7, 2e semestre 1991[1]
- ^Gravrand, Henry, "La Civilisation Sereer -Pangool",Les Nouvelles EditionsAfricainesduSenegal,1990, p. 77,ISBN2-7236-1055-1
- ^Gambian Studies No. 17., "People of The Gambia. I. The Wolof with notes on the Serer and the Lebou", By David P. Gamble & Linda K. Salmon with Alhaji Hassan Njie,San Francisco(1985)
- ^abEspie, Ian, "A thousand years of West African history: a handbook for teachers and students", Editors: J. F. Ade Ajayi, Ian Espie, Humanities Press (1972), p 134,ISBN0-391-00217-1
- ^(in French)Becker, Charles: "Vestiges historiques, trémoins matériels du passé clans les pays sereer". Dakar. 1993. CNRS - ORS TO M[2](Excerpt) (Retrieved: 28 June 2012)
- ^Hughes, Arnold; David Perfect (2008).Historical Dictionary of The Gambia(4th revised ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. xix.ISBN978-0-8108-5825-1.
- ^Gravrand, Henry,"La civilisation Sereer -Cosaan:les origines, vol.1, pp. 140–146, Nouvelles EditionsAfricaines,1983,ISBN2-7236-0877-8
- ^More about the Ndut:Dupire, Marguerite,"Sagessesereer:Essais sur la pensée sereer ndut ":[3]
- ^Klein, Martin A., "Islam and Imperialism inSenegal,Sine-Saloum",pp VII-5, Edinburgh University Press, (1968),ISBN0-85224-029-5
- ^Ndut-people inLingua Món Casa de les LlengüesArchived2014-05-17 at theWayback Machine
- ^Becker, Charles, "Les Serer Ndut: Études sur les mutations sociales et religieuses", Microéditions Hachette (1974)
- ^Echenberg, Myron J, "Black death, white medicine: bubonic plague and the politics of public health in colonial Senegal, 1914-1945", pp 141–146, Heinemann (2002),ISBN0-325-07017-2
Bibliography
edit- Thiaw, Issa Laye,"La Religiosite de Seereer, avant et pendant leur Islamisation",[in] Ethiopiques no: 54, Revue semestrielle de Culture Négro-Africaine, Nouvelle série, volume 7, 2e Semestre (1991)
- Dione, Salif, "L'APPEL du Ndut. ou l'initiation des garcons Seereer",IFANCheikh Anta Diop(2004)
- Gravrand, Henry,"La Civilisation Sereer -Pangool",vol.2, Les Nouvelles Editions Africaines du Senegal, (1990), p 9 and 77,ISBN2-7236-1055-1
- Echenberg, Myron J, "Black death, white medicine: bubonic plague and the politics of public health in colonial Senegal, 1914-1945", pp 141–146, Heinemann (2002),ISBN0-325-07017-2
- Gravrand, Henry, "La civilisation Sereer - Cosaan: les origines, vol.1, pp. 140–146, Nouvelles Editions Africaines, 1983,ISBN2-7236-0877-8
- Dupire, Marguerite,"Sagessesereer:Essais sur la pensée sereer ndut ":[4]
- Becker, Charles, "Les Serer Ndut: Études sur les mutations sociales et religieuses", Microéditions Hachette (1974)
- Klein, Martin A., "Islam and Imperialism inSenegal,Sine-Saloum"1847–1914, pp VII-5,Edinburgh University Press,(1968),ISBN0-85224-029-5
- Daggs, Elisa, "All Africa: All its political entities of independent or other status", Hasting House, (1970),ISBN0-8038-0336-2
- Taal, Alhaji Ebou Momar, "Senegambian Ethnic Groups: Common Origins and Cultural Affinities Factors and Forces of National Unity, Peace and Stability" (2010)
- Gamble, David P., & Salmon, Linda K., (with Njie, Alhaji Hassan), "Gambian Studies No. 17: People of The Gambia. I. The Wolof, with notes on the Serer and Lebou", San Francisco (1985)