Nerine bowdenii

Nerine bowdenii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily:	Amaryllidoideae
Genus:	Nerine
Species:	N. bowdenii
Binomial name
	Nerine bowdenii; Watson

Nerine bowdeniiis aspeciesofflowering plantin thefamilyAmaryllidaceae. It is anherbaceous bulbous perennial,growing to 45 cm (18 in) tall by 8 cm (3 in), with strap-shaped leaves and large umbels of lily-like pink flowers in late summer and autumn.^[1]Thecommon namesof the species areCornish lily,Cape flower,Guernsey lily,andBowden lily.However, it is neither a truelilynor from Cornwall or Guernsey, butoriginatesfrom South Africa (Eastern Cape,KwaZulu Natal,Free State,DrakensbergMountains).^[1]Confusingly the name “Guernsey lily” is also applied to a related species,Nerine sarniensis.

The species was named in 1904 afterAthelstan Cornish-Bowdenwho had sent bulbs of the plant to England from South Africa.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Description

N. bowdeniibulbs are 12 to 14 centimetres (4.7 to 5.5 in) in circumference.^[5]The bulbs are "shaped like old-fashionedChianti bottles".^[4]The plant has eight or more faintly-scented bright pink flowers with frilly tips, resembling finely-cut lilies.^[6]Because the leaves do not appear until spring, the species can tolerate lower temperatures than most species in thegenusNerine.^[7]

Cultivation

Nerine bowdeniiis widely cultivated intemperateregions, where it requires warmth and shelter in colder areas, but is quitehardy,being able to withstand temperatures of −15 °C (5 °F).^[4]It needs to be planted where it cannot be disturbed for several years, and blooms best when the bulbs are crowded. The species grows best in heat and well-drained soil.^[8]However, it will not toleratetropicalor very humid weather.^[9]^[10]It is suggested thatcolchicumsandcyclamensare good choices of companion plants to grow with this species.^[4]

Cultivars

The following cultivars have won theRoyal Horticultural Society'sAward of Garden Merit:-

Nerine bowdenii^[11](pink)
'Isabel'^[12](deep pink)
'Quinton Wells'^[13](bright pink)
'Stefanie'^[14](pale pink, recurved petals)
'Zeal Giant'^[15](deep salmon pink)

Biochemistry

The bulbs ofNerine bowdeniicontainungeremine,abetaine-typealkaloid,and a number of otheralkaloids.^[16]Ungeremine is aninhibitor of acetylcholinesterase,and as such may be of interest in research into treatment ofAlzheimer's disease.Ungeremine also has been isolated from a number of related plant species, such asUngernia minor,Ungernia spiralis,Zephyranthes flava,Crinum asiaticum,Crinum augustum,Pancratium maritimumandHippeastrum solandriflorum.^[17]

Diseases

Theplant virus,vallota mosaic virus,has been found to infectNerine bowdeniiand other members of the genusNerinein the UK.^[18]

References

^^a ^bRHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants.United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.ISBN 978-1405332965.
^Watson, W. (26 November 1904)."Nerine bowdenii".The Gardeners' Chronicle.36 third series: 365.
^David, John (26 October 2007),"The Nerine bowdenii story"(PDF),Report of the Proceedings of Hardy Nerine Study Day,RHS Herbaceous Plant Committee and the Nerine & Amaryllid Society
^^a ^b ^c ^dRees, Alun (12 November 2013)."How to grow: Nerine bowdenii".Telegraph.co.uk.Retrieved24 September2016.
^"Nerine bowdenii".Holland Technical Service Bulletin. Archived fromthe originalon 2009-11-25.Retrieved2010-02-08.
^Will, Giles (2007).Encyclopedia of exotic plants for temperate climates.Timber Press. p. 134.ISBN 978-0-88192-785-6.
^Burke, Don (2005).The complete Burke's backyard: the ultimate book of fact sheets.Murdoch Books. p. 231.ISBN 978-1-74045-739-2.
^Easton, Valorie; Hartlage, Richard (2002).Plant Life: Growing a Garden in the Pacific Northwest.Sasquatch Books. p. 199.ISBN 978-1-57061-305-0.
^Urquhart, Paul (2004).Growing Bulbs.Murdoch Books. p. 225.ISBN 978-1-74045-520-6.
^Raven, Sarah (2001).The bold and brilliant garden.frances lincoln ltd. p. 151.ISBN 978-0-7112-1752-2.
^"Nerine bowdenii".rhs.org.Royal Horticultural Society.Retrieved3 January2021.
^"Nerine bowdenii'Isabel'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.
^"Nerine bowdenii'Quinton Wells'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.
^"Nerine bowdenii'Stefanie'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.
^"Nerine'Zeal Giant'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.
^Lyle, R. E.; E. A. Kielar; J. R. Crowder; W. C. Wildman (1960). "The Alkaloids of Nerine bowdenii W. Wats. and Crinum moorei J. D. Hook".Journal of the American Chemical Society.82(10): 2620–2625.Bibcode:1960JAChS..82.2620L.doi:10.1021/ja01495a057.
^Rhee IK, I; Appels N; Hofte B; Karabatak B; Erkelens C; Stark LM; Flippin LA; Verpoorte R (November 2004)."Isolation of the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Ungeremine from Nerine bowdenii by Preparative HPLC Coupled On-Line to a Flow Assay System".Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin.27(11): 1804–1809.doi:10.1248/bpb.27.1804.PMID 15516727.
^Monger, W. A.; R. A. Mumford (18 July 2008)."Vallota mosaic virus infecting nerine in the UK".Plant Pathology.57(4): 768.doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01850.x.

[RHSAZ-1] RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants.United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.ISBN 978-1405332965.

[2] Watson, W. (26 November 1904)."Nerine bowdenii".The Gardeners' Chronicle.36 third series: 365.

[3] David, John (26 October 2007),"The Nerine bowdenii story"(PDF),Report of the Proceedings of Hardy Nerine Study Day,RHS Herbaceous Plant Committee and the Nerine & Amaryllid Society

[TELEG-4] Rees, Alun (12 November 2013)."How to grow: Nerine bowdenii".Telegraph.co.uk.Retrieved24 September2016.

[Technical-5] "Nerine bowdenii".Holland Technical Service Bulletin. Archived fromthe originalon 2009-11-25.Retrieved2010-02-08.

[6] Will, Giles (2007).Encyclopedia of exotic plants for temperate climates.Timber Press. p. 134.ISBN 978-0-88192-785-6.

[7] Burke, Don (2005).The complete Burke's backyard: the ultimate book of fact sheets.Murdoch Books. p. 231.ISBN 978-1-74045-739-2.

[8] Easton, Valorie; Hartlage, Richard (2002).Plant Life: Growing a Garden in the Pacific Northwest.Sasquatch Books. p. 199.ISBN 978-1-57061-305-0.

[9] Urquhart, Paul (2004).Growing Bulbs.Murdoch Books. p. 225.ISBN 978-1-74045-520-6.

[10] Raven, Sarah (2001).The bold and brilliant garden.frances lincoln ltd. p. 151.ISBN 978-0-7112-1752-2.

[RHSPF-11] "Nerine bowdenii".rhs.org.Royal Horticultural Society.Retrieved3 January2021.

[12] "Nerine bowdenii'Isabel'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.

[13] "Nerine bowdenii'Quinton Wells'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.

[14] "Nerine bowdenii'Stefanie'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.

[15] "Nerine'Zeal Giant'".RHS.Retrieved18 January2021.

[16] Lyle, R. E.; E. A. Kielar; J. R. Crowder; W. C. Wildman (1960). "The Alkaloids of Nerine bowdenii W. Wats. and Crinum moorei J. D. Hook".Journal of the American Chemical Society.82(10): 2620–2625.Bibcode:1960JAChS..82.2620L.doi:10.1021/ja01495a057.

[17] Rhee IK, I; Appels N; Hofte B; Karabatak B; Erkelens C; Stark LM; Flippin LA; Verpoorte R (November 2004)."Isolation of the Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Ungeremine from Nerine bowdenii by Preparative HPLC Coupled On-Line to a Flow Assay System".Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin.27(11): 1804–1809.doi:10.1248/bpb.27.1804.PMID 15516727.

[18] Monger, W. A.; R. A. Mumford (18 July 2008)."Vallota mosaic virus infecting nerine in the UK".Plant Pathology.57(4): 768.doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01850.x.

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