North Shore Citywas a territorial authority unit in theAuckland Regionof New Zealand that was governed by the North Shore City Council. It existed from 1989 until November 2010, when the council was incorporated intoAuckland Council.It had an estimated population of 229,000 at 30 June 2010, making it the fourth most populous city in New Zealand prior to the 2010 reorganisation. It was the country's fourth largest city in land, with an area of 129.81 square kilometres (50.12 sq mi) and a coastline of 141 kilometres (88 mi). It was the most densely populated city in the country, because most of its area was urban or suburban in nature, unlike other New Zealand cities.
| North Shore City | |
|---|---|
| City ofNew Zealand | |
| 1989–2010 | |
 Looking south over North Shore City fromForrest Hill.Auckland Citycan be seen in the background. | |
 North Shore City within the North Island of New Zealand | |
| History | |
• Established | 1989 |
• Disestablished | 2010 |
| Today part of | Auckland Region |
Geography
editThe North Shore comprised a large suburban area to the north of downtown Auckland; linked to the rest of the greater Auckland metropolitan area by two harbour bridges - theAuckland Harbour Bridgecrosses the inner Waitemata Harbour toAuckland City,while theUpper Harbour Bridgeprovided a connection toWaitakere Cityacross the northern stretches of the harbour.
The administrative area of North Shore City Council was bounded byRodney Districtto the north,Waitemata Harbourto the south and theRangitoto Channelof theHauraki Gulfto the east. The seat of the council was inTakapuna.
Today, the entire area has been divided between four local boards of the amalgamated Auckland Council:Devonport-Takapuna,Kaipātiki,Upper Harbour(along with part of the former Waitakere City) andHibiscus and Bays(along with part of the former Rodney District).
Administrative divisions
editPrior to being merged into Auckland Council in 2010, North Shore City was divided into three wards, with each of them dividing into twocommunity boards[1]for a total of six within the city; with each of them further consisting of the following populated places (i.e.: suburbs, towns, localities, settlements, communities, hamlets, etc.):
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- Notes
History
editTheNorth Shorewas first administered by highway districts, which operated from the 1860s onwards, pooling local residents' resources to improve infrastructure.[2]In 1876, theWaitemata Countywas established across the North Shore andWest Aucklandafter the abolition of theAuckland Province,and was one of the largest counties created in New Zealand.[3]Between 1886 and 1954, areas of the North Shore voted to become independent areas separate from the county, establishing boroughs. The first of these wasDevonportin 1886, soon followed byBirkenheadin 1888.Northcotewas declared a borough in 1908, andTakapunain 1913. The final borough that split from the Waitemata County wasEast Coast Baysin 1954.[4]On 1 August 1974, the Waitemata County was dissolved,[5]leading to Glenfield, Albany and Long Bay being incorporated intoTakapuna City.[6]
In 1989, Devonport, Birkenhead, Northcote, Takapuna and East Coast Bays amalgamated to formNorth Shore City[7]in the1989 New Zealand local government reforms.North Shore City was amalgamated intoAuckland Councilin November 2010.[8]
Local government
editThe city was run by the 15-member North Shore City Council and mayor, democratically elected every three years using thefirst-past-the-postvoting system. The last mayor wasAndrew Williams.The mayor was a strong critic of the 'Super City' proposals, which would see North Shore City amalgamated into a larger Auckland authority.[9]Williams voiced strong opposition toTransit New Zealand's delays regarding bus lanes.[10]He was a proponent of the $300 million joint busway venture.[10]While theAuckland Regional Councilhad power to impose property tax rates on suburban areas such as North Shore City, local residents voiced strong opposition.[11][12]There was a pattern of conflict between local authorities and Auckland city officials regarding many matters, such as transportation, land purchases[13]and decay of wharf facilities.[14]The issue of whether Auckland should be a single city, or a collection of autonomous cities, was a subject of debate.[15]
Mayors of North Shore City
editBetween 1989 and 2010, North Shore City had five mayors.[16]The mayor was directly elected using a first-past-the-post electoral system. The councillors were elected from three wards: Northern, Harbour and Central. The elections were held every three years.[17][18]
The following persons served as mayor of North Shore City:
| Name | Portrait | In office | Terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ann Hartley | 
|
1989–1992 | 1 |
| 2 | Paul Titchener | 
|
1992–1995 | 1 |
| 3 | George Gair | 
|
1995–1998 | 1 |
| 4 | George Wood | 
|
1998–2007 | 3 |
| 5 | Andrew Williams | 
|
2007–2010 | 1 |
Economy
editNorth Shore City formerly contributed over 6% of New Zealand'sGDP.The city also topped the nation's growth rates for numbers of businesses, growing 29.3% between 1998 and 2002.[19]Areas of the North Shore City boasted some of the most expensive real estate in New Zealand. The stretch of coast that runs North from Takapuna Beach to Milford, often referred to as the "Golden Mile",[20]had many properties there have sold for several million dollars (NZ$) particularly because of the beaches,Lake Pupuke,popular schools and shopping centres. In 2005, one beachfront property sold for $12.8 million.[21]Rents in North Shore City, as well as property prices, are high in relative terms, with average weekly rents (in 2002) of $243 versus $237 for Wellington and $236 for Auckland.[22]
Demographics
editIn the 2006census,the median income for North Shore residents over 15 years was $29,100, compared with a national average of $24,400.
The racial makeup of the city was 67.5%European,18.5%Asian,6.3%Māori,3.4%Pacific Islander,and 1.8% from the Middle East, Africa or Latin America. Just under 10% gave their ethnicity as "New Zealander",[23]with most of this group having identified itself as European in former Census surveys.
Sister cities
editNorth Shore City was asister cityof:
Taichung City,Taiwan,17 December 1996[24]
Qingdao,People's Republic of China,9 August 2008[25]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^"Suburb search tips"(PDF).North Shore City. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 17 June 2009.Retrieved20 April2020.
- ^Heritage Consultancy Services (1 July 2011).North Shore Heritage - Thematic Review Report Volume 1(PDF)(Report).Auckland Council.ISBN978-1-927169-21-6.Retrieved29 June2023.
- ^Reidy 2009,pp. 238.
- ^Reidy 2009,pp. 239.
- ^Adam, Burgess & Ellis 2004,pp. 38–39.
- ^"Cities of Takapuna and Waitemata (Upper Harbour Bridge) Empowering Act 1976".New Zealand Government.27 October 1976.Retrieved13 November2023.
- ^McClure, Margaret (6 December 2007)."Auckland places - The North Shore".Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand.Retrieved13 November2023.
- ^Blakeley, Roger (2015)."The planning framework for Auckland 'super city': an insider's view".Policy Quarterly.11(4).doi:10.26686/pq.v11i4.4572.ISSN2324-1101.
- ^"Andrew Williams: Downsize this Super City madness".The New Zealand Herald.8 May 2009.Retrieved1 November2011.
- ^ab"Bus lane closure delayed".North Shore Times. 1 January 2009.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^THERESA GARNER and NATASHA HARRIS (24 July 2003)."North Shore City Council backs ARC rate revolt".New Zealand Herald.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^Wayne Thompson (25 July 2003)."How ARC ignored rates advice".New Zealand Herald.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^Wayne Thompson (1 September 2003)."Auckland's bid for Viaduct land hits snag".New Zealand Herald.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^Brian Rudman (25 July 2008)."Brian Rudman: Go-it-alone North Shore leaves historic wharf on its last legs".New Zealand Herald.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^Wayne Thompson (6 September 2006)."Lessons from the history of local body amalgamation".New Zealand Herald.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^"Timeline of Auckland Mayors: An Online Exhibition".Auckland Council Archives. Archived fromthe originalon 10 January 2022.Retrieved6 December2023.
- ^"STV Information".Department of Internal Affairs.Retrieved29 March2010.
- ^"Facts and Figures".North Shore City Council. Archived fromthe originalon 22 May 2010.Retrieved29 March2010.
- ^"Growth in the Number of Businesses"(PDF).Quality of Life Project.
- ^"City attractions".North Shore City. Archived fromthe originalon 4 July 2008.Retrieved19 September2008.
- ^Anne Gibson (25 February 2005)."Auckland's luxury homes draw buyers to a stellar market".International Herald Tribune. Archived fromthe originalon 26 October 2012.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^"One in 10 New Zealanders live in Auckland city: Census".New Zealand Herald. 2 April 2002.Retrieved30 August2009.
- ^Quickstats about North Shore City
- ^"Sister City".North Shore City Council.Retrieved27 March2009.
- ^"A new sister city for North Shore City".North Shore City Council. 19 June 2008.Retrieved27 March2009.
Bibliography
edit- Adam, Jack; Burgess, Vivien; Ellis, Dawn (2004).Rugged Determination: Historical Window on Swanson 1854-2004.Swanson Residents and Ratepayers Association Inc.ISBN0-476-00544-2.
- Reidy, Jade (2009). "How the West Was Run". InMacdonald, Finlay;Kerr, Ruth (eds.).West: The History of Waitakere.Random House. pp.237–256.ISBN9781869790080.