Wikipedia

Patton(film)

Pattonis a 1970 Americanepicbiographicalwar filmabout U.S. GeneralGeorge S. PattonduringWorld War II.It starsGeorge C. Scottas Patton andKarl Maldenas GeneralOmar Bradley,and was directed byFranklin J. Schaffnerfrom a script byFrancis Ford CoppolaandEdmund H. North,who based their screenplay onPatton: Ordeal and TriumphbyLadislas Faragoand Bradley's memoir,A Soldier's Story.

Patton
Theatrical release poster
Directed byFranklin J. Schaffner
Screenplay by
Based on
Produced byFrank McCarthy
Starring
CinematographyFred J. Koenekamp
Edited byHugh Fowler
Music byJerry Goldsmith
Color processColor by Deluxe
Distributed by20th Century Fox
Release dates
  • February 5, 1970(1970-02-05)(New York City)
  • April 2, 1970(1970-04-02)(United States)
Running time
172 minutes[1]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$12.6 million[2]
Box office$62.5 million[3]

Pattonwon sevenAcademy Awards,includingBest Picture,Best DirectorandBest Original Screenplay.Scott also won theBest Actorfor his performance, though he declined the award.[4]The opening monologue, delivered by Scott as General Patton with an enormous American flag behind him, remains an iconic and often quoted image in film. In 2003,Pattonwas selected for preservation in the United StatesNational Film Registryby theLibrary of Congressas being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant". TheAcademy Film Archivealso preservedPattonin 2003.[5]

Plot

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DuringWorld War II,in its first combat encounter with the GermanAfrika Korpsat theBattle of Kasserine Pass,theII Corpsis defeated by Field MarshalErwin Rommel.GeneralGeorge S. Pattonis placed in command of II Corps and begins instilling his authority amongst his untested and poorly disciplined troops. Alongside the poor condition of American soldiers in the II Corps, Patton identifies how his British counterpart, GeneralBernard Montgomery,is monopolising the allied effort to suit his own needs.

The Allied victory inNorth Africaprompts Patton and Montgomery to come up with competing plans for theAllied invasion of Sicily.Patton's plan highlights the strategic importance ofSyracuse;hypothesising that its fall would trigger an evacuation of Sicily. Patton proposes that Montgomery captures Syracuse, whereas he will land nearPalermoand then captureMessinato cut off the withdrawal. Though the plan impresses GeneralHarold Alexander,GeneralDwight D. Eisenhowerturns it down in favour of Montgomery's more cautious plan that places both armies in a side-by-side landing in theGulf of Gela.When the allies liberate Syracuse, the evacuation predicted by Patton proves correct, but without allied forces in the north, thousands of Italian and German forces retreat. The rear guard left behind to stall the allies bogs down the invasion, prompting Patton to drive west and capture Palermo before beating Montgomery to Messina. Though his advance breaks the deadlock in Sicily, his aggression does not sit well with his subordinatesOmar BradleyandLucian Truscott.During a visit to a field hospital, Patton notices a soldier crying amongst the wounded and dead. Furious, he accuses the soldiers of cowardice andslaps the soldierbefore demanding that he is returned to the front lines. Eisenhower demands that Patton apologize to the soldier and his entire command, which he reluctantly does.

Despite apologizing, he is sidelined for the comingAllied invasion of Franceand instead placed in command of the fictitiousFirst United States Army Groupas a decoy inLondon,the Allied command confident in that keeping Patton in England will tell the Germans that he will lead the invasion of Europe. To a public gathering in the town ofKnutsford,Patton remarks that the post-war world will be dominated by the British-American spheres of influence; this comment is viewed as a slight to theSoviet Union.Despite Patton's protest that he has done nothing wrong, the situation has spiraled from his control, and the decision to send him home or remain in England is placed on GeneralGeorge Marshall.Though not present for the Normandy invasion, Patton is given a command by his now superior General Bradley of theThird Army.Under his leadership, theThird Army sweeps across France,but it is brought to a halt just before entering Germany, because gasoline and other vital supplies have been instead allocated to Montgomery'sOperation Market Garden.Frustrated at being sidelined to appease Montgomery, Patton demands to know why he was given a command if he cannot advance. Bradley retorts that it was actually his decision to place Patton in Europe, not Eisenhower's or anyone else's.

During theBattle of the Bulge,Patton devises a plan to relieve the trapped101st Airborne DivisioninBastogne,which he does before smashing through theSiegfried Lineandinto Germany.AfterGermany capitulates,Patton's outspokenness lands him in trouble when he comparesAmerican politicstoNazism.Though he is relieved of command, he is kept on to see therebuilding of Germany.He later walks Willie, hisbull terrier.Patton's voice is heard:

For over a thousand years,Romanconquerors returning from the wars enjoyed the honor of atriumph—a tumultuous parade. In the procession came trumpeters and musicians and strange animals from the conquered territories, together with carts laden with treasure and captured armaments. The conqueror rode in a triumphal chariot, the dazed prisoners walking in chains before him. Sometimes his children, robed in white, stood with him in the chariot, or rode the trace horses. Aslavestood behind the conqueror, holding a golden crown, and whispering in his ear a warning: that all glory... is fleeting.

Cast

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Production

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Lee Marvin,Burt Lancaster,John Wayne,Robert MitchumandRod Steigerdeclined the role of Patton.[6][7]Steiger later said it was his greatest mistake.[8]Charlton Hestonwas considered for the role of Omar N. Bradley beforeKarl Maldenwas cast.[7]

Development

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Attempts to make a film about the life of Patton had been made since he died in 1945 but his widow, Beatrice, resisted.[9]After her death in 1953, producerFrank McCarthybegan the project and, the day after Beatrice was buried, the producers contacted the family for help in making the film, requesting access to Patton's diaries, as well as input from family members but the family declined to help.[10]McCarthy also sought co-operation fromThe Pentagon;they also initially refused, as Patton's son,George Patton IV,was in the Army, and Patton's second daughter, Ruth, was married to an officer. By 1959, McCarthy had convinced the Army to co-operate.[11][9]

20th Century FoxboughtA Soldier's Story,the 1951 autobiography ofGeneral of the ArmyOmar Bradley(who features prominently in the film, played by Karl Malden).Francis Ford Coppolawrote the film script in 1963 based largely onLadislas Farago's 1963 biographyPatton: Ordeal and Triumph,and onA Soldier's Story.[9][11][12]Edmund H. Northwas later brought in to help work on the script.[11]The film was originally to be calledBlood & GutsandWilliam Wylerwas originally scheduled to direct. Wyler quit before the planned starting date of January 1969.[9]

Bradley, the only survivingfive-stargeneral officerin the United States after the death ofDwight D. Eisenhowerin 1969, served as a consultant for the film though the extent of his influence and input into the final script is largely unknown. While Bradley knew Patton, it was also well known that the two men were opposites in personality, and there is evidence to conclude that Bradley despised Patton.[13][14]As the film was made without Patton's diaries, it largely relied upon observations by Bradley and other military contemporaries when they attempted to reconstruct Patton's thoughts and motives.[15]In a review of the film,Brigadier GeneralS.L.A. Marshall,who knew both Patton and Bradley, stated, "The Bradley name gets heavy billing on a picture of [a] comrade that, while not caricature, is the likeness of a victorious, glory-seeking buffoon.... Patton in the flesh was an Enigma. He so stays in the film.... Napoleon once said that the art of the general is not strategy but knowing how to mold human nature.... Maybe that is all producer Frank McCarthy and Gen. Bradley, his chief advisor, are trying to say."[15]

Filming

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The Triumphal Arch ofVolubilisin Morocco

The film started shooting February 3, 1969 and was shot at seventy-one locations in six countries, mostly inSpain,which had a lot of theU.S. Army's World War IIsurplus equipment.[11][9] Francoist Spainhad sustained acurrency controlfor decades and filming in the country was the only way to indirectly recover the profits of the box office from American films. Cheap labor also encouragedrunaway productions.[16]

One scene, which depicts Patton driving up to an ancient city that is implied to beCarthage,was shot in the ancientRoman Mauretaniancity ofVolubilis,Morocco.The early scene, where Patton andMuhammed Vare reviewingMoroccan troopsincluding theGoumiers,was shot at theRoyal PalaceinRabat.One unannounced battle scene was shot the night before, which raised fears in the Royal Palace neighborhood of acoup d'état.One paratrooper was electrocuted in power lines, but none of this battle footage appears in the film. The scene at the dedication of the welcome centre inKnutsford,Cheshire,England, was filmed at the actual site. The scenes set in Tunisia and Sicily were shot inAlmeriain the south of Spain;Pamplonain the north was used for France and Germany; while the winter scenes inBelgium,including for theBattle of the Bulgesequence, were shot nearSegovia(to which the production crew rushed when they were informed that snow had fallen).[17][11][9]Interior shots were filmed inSeville.[9]

The film was shot by cinematographerFred J. Koenekampin 65 mmDimension 150,only the second film to be shot in that format afterThe Bible: In the Beginning...(1966).[9]

A sizeable amount of battle scene footage was left out of the final cut ofPatton,but a use was soon found for it. Outtakes fromPattonwere used to provide battle scenes in the made-for-TV filmFireball Forward,which was first broadcast in 1972. The film was produced byPattonproducer Frank McCarthy and Edmund North wrote the screenplay. One of the cast members ofPatton,Morgan Paull, appeared in this production.[18]

Opening

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The opening scene of the movie.

The film opens with Scott's rendering ofPatton's speech to the Third Army,set against a hugeAmerican flag.[19]Coppola and North had to tone down Patton's actual words and statements in the scene, as well as throughout the rest of the film, to avoid anR rating;in the opening monologue, the wordfornicatingreplacedfuckingwhen he was criticizingThe Saturday Evening Post.Also, Scott's gravelly and scratchy voice is the opposite of Patton's high-pitched, nasal and somewhat squeaky voice, a point noted by historianS.L.A. Marshall.[15]However, Marshall also points out that the film contains "too much cursing and obscenity [by Patton]. Patton was not habitually foul-mouthed. He used dirty words when he thought they were needed to impress."[15]

When Scott learned that the speech would open the film, he refused to do it, as he believed that it would overshadow the rest of his performance. Director Schaffner assured him that it would be shown at the end. The scene was shot in one afternoon at Sevilla Studios in Madrid, with the flag having been painted on the back of the stage wall.[20]

All the medals and decorations shown on Patton's uniform in the monologue are replicas of those actually awarded to Patton. However, the general never wore all of them in public and was in any case not afour-star generalat the time he made the famous speeches on which the opening is based. He wore them all on only one occasion, in his backyard inVirginiaat the request of his wife, who wanted a picture of him with all his medals. The producers used a copy of this photo to help recreate this "look" for the opening scene.[citation needed]

Music

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The critically acclaimed score forPattonwas composed and conducted by the prolific composerJerry Goldsmith.Goldsmith used a number of innovative methods to tie the music to the film, such as having anechoplexloop recorded sounds of "call to war"tripletsplayed on the trumpet to musically represent General Patton's belief in reincarnation. The main theme also consisted of a symphonic march accompanied by apipe organto represent the militaristic yet deeply religious nature of the protagonist.[21]The music toPattonsubsequently earned Goldsmith anOscarnomination forBest Original Scoreand was one of theAmerican Film Institute's 250 nominees for thetop twenty-five American film scores.[22]The original soundtrack has been released three times on disc and once on LP: throughTwentieth-Century Fox Recordsin 1970, Tsunami Records in 1992,Film Score Monthlyin 1999, and a two-disc extended version throughIntrada Recordsin 2010.[21][23]

2010 Intrada Records album

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Disc One
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Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
No.TitleLength
1."Patton Salute (Solo Bugle)"0:44
2."Main Title"3:08
3."The Battleground"2:14
4."The Cemetery"2:42
5."The First Battle"2:50
6."The Funeral"1:54
7."The Hospital"3:36
8."The Prayer"1:11
9."No Assignment"2:23
10."Patton March"1:53
11."Attack"3:15
12."German Advance"2:32
13."An Eloquent Man"1:43
14."The Payoff"2:26
15."A Change Of Weather"1:23
16."Pensive Patton"0:16
17."End Title"2:20
18."Echoplex Session (bonus)"5:29
Total length:41:11
Disc Two
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Original 1970 Score Album
No.TitleLength
1."Patton Speech (spoken by George C. Scott)"4:54
2."Main Title"2:17
3."The Battleground"2:19
4."The First Battle"2:48
5."Attack"3:14
6."The Funeral"1:53
7."Winter March"1:55
8."Patton March"2:04
9."No Assignment"1:59
10."German Advance"2:31
11."The Hospital"3:18
12."The Payoff"2:22
13."End Title & Speech (spoken by George C. Scott)"1:01
14."End Title (sans dialogue) (bonus)"1:11
Total length:33:46

Release

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The film had its premiere on Wednesday, February 4, 1970, at theCriterion Theatrein New York before itsroadshow releasestarting the following day.[9][24]

First telecast

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Pattonwas first telecast byABCas a three hours-plus color film special on Sunday, November 19, 1972, only two years after its theatrical release.[25]That was highly unusual at the time, especially for a roadshow release which had played in theatres for many months. Most theatrical films at that time had to wait at least five years for their first telecast. Another unusual element of the telecast was that almost none of Patton's profanity-laced dialogue was cut (only two sentences, one of which contained no profanity, were cut from the famous opening speech in front of the giant US flag). The film was the fourth highest-rated film broadcast on television in the United States at the time, with aNielsen ratingof 38.5 and an audience share of 65%.[25]

Home media

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In 1977,Pattonwas among the first 50VHSandBetamaxreleases fromMagnetic Video.The film would be released onLaserdiscin 1981, also by Magnetic Video. A widescreen version was released in 1989, which includes four newsreels about the real Patton. ATHX-certified Laserdisc would be released on July 9, 1997, trading the newsreels for many new features. A THX-certified widescreen VHS was also released in 1998 by the same distributor,20th Century Fox Home Entertainment.

Pattonwas first released onDVDin 1999, featuring an audio commentary by Charles M. Province, the founder of The George S. Patton Jr. Historical Society, and again in 2006, with a commentary by screenwriter Francis Ford Coppola and extra bonus features.

The film made itsRegion A(locked)Blu-raydebut in 2008 to much criticism, for its excessive use ofdigital noise reductionon the picture quality. In 2012, a remaster was released with much improved picture quality.[26]In June 2013, Fox UK released the film on Region B Blu-ray but reverted to the 2008 transfer.

Reception

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Box office

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The film grossed an estimated $51,000 in its first week.[27]According to Fox records the film required $22,525,000 intheatrical rentalsto break even and by 11 December 1970 had made $27,650,000 so made a profit to the studio.[28]Eventually, it returned worldwide rentals of $45 million,[29]including $28.1 million from the United States and Canada from a gross of $61.8 million.[30][31]

Critical response

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Roger Ebertsaid of George C. Scott, "It is one of those sublime performances in which the personalities of the actor and the character are fulfilled in one another."[32]Gene Siskelgave the film three stars out of four and wrote that George C. Scott "has created an acting tour de force," but found it "repetitive – the second half doesn't tell us anything more than the first."[33]Vincent CanbyofThe New York Timeswrote, "The most refreshing thing about 'Patton' is that here—I think for the first time—the subject matter and the style of the epic war movie are perfectly matched... Although the cast is large, the only performance of note is that of Scott, who is continuously entertaining and, occasionally, very appealing."[34]Charles Champlinof theLos Angeles Timeswrote, "'Patton' has, likeLawrence of Arabia,done the near-impossible by creating a finely detailed portrait despite all the tuggings toward simplification which are inevitable in the big budget, long, loud roadshow production desperate to attract mass audiences. As Patton, George Scott gives one of the great and unforgettable screen characterizations. "[35]Gary Arnold ofThe Washington Postwrote that the film "eventually shares the dramatic limitations, as well as the visual triumphs, ofLawrence of Arabia:yet another fascinating but inconclusive portrait of a mercurial military leader. The camera focus is sharp, but the dramatic focus is blurred. We never quite understand Patton in historical context, in relation to the other generals of the period, and to the entire Allied war effort. "[36]Pauline KaelofThe New Yorkerwrote that "technically the movie is awesomely impressive," but went on to state that "I'm sure it will be said that the picture is 'true' to Patton and to history, but I think it strings us along and holds out on us. If we don't just want to have our prejudices greased, we'll find it confusing and unsatisfying, because we aren't given enough information to evaluate Patton's actions."[37]John GillettofThe Monthly Film Bulletinwrote, "While communicating a relish for the man with all his warts, [Schaffner] also pinpoints the monstrous prejudices which lay beneath the surface. And, of course, he chose the right actor. Karl Malden's Bradley is neatly observed and the German players are good, but Scott's performance rightly dwarfs all the rest."[38]

Online film criticJames Berardinellihas calledPattonhis favorite film of all time[39]and "to this day one of Hollywood's most compelling biographical war pictures."[40]

According toBob WoodwardandCarl Bernstein's bookThe Final Days,it was alsoRichard Nixon's favorite film. Nixon first viewedPattonwith his family at a private screening in theWhite House Family Theateron April 5, 1970. Nixon became obsessed with the film, repeatedly watching it withHenry Kissingerover the next month. He screened it several times at theWhite Houseand during a cruise on the presidential yachtUSSSequoiain thePotomac River.Kissinger sarcastically wrote of Nixon's insistence that he see the film on the cruise: "It was the second time he had so honored me. Inspiring as the film no doubt was, I managed to escape for an hour in the middle of it to prepare for the next day’sNSCmeeting. "[41]

Review aggregate websiteRotten Tomatoesreported that 90% of critics gave the film a positive review based on 52 reviews, with an average score of 8.4/10. Rotten Tomatoes summarizes the critical consensus as, "George C. Scott's sympathetic, unflinching portrayal of the titular general in this sprawling epic is as definitive as any performance in the history of American biopics."[42]

Accolades

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In 1971, the film was nominated for 10Academy Awardsat the1971 ceremony,winning seven awards (includingBest Picture).George C. Scottalso won theAcademy Award for Best Actorfor his performance, but he declined it, citing a dislike of the voting process and the concept of acting competitions. He was the first actor to do so. The film's producer,Frank McCarthy,accepted the award on Scott's behalf.[43][44][45]

The Best Picture statuette is on display at the George C. Marshall Museum at theVirginia Military Institute,courtesy ofFrank McCarthy.

Award Category Nominee(s) Result Ref.
Academy Awards Best Picture Frank McCarthy Won [46]
Best Director Franklin J. Schaffner Won
Best Actor George C. Scott[a] Won
Best Original Screenplay Francis Ford CoppolaandEdmund H. North Won
Best Art Direction Art Direction:Urie McClearyandGil Parrondo;
Set Decoration:Antonio MateosandPierre-Louis Thévenet 		Won
Best Cinematography Fred J. Koenekamp Nominated
Best Film Editing Hugh S. Fowler Won
Best Original Score Jerry Goldsmith Nominated
Best Sound Douglas WilliamsandDon Bassman Won
Best Special Visual Effects Alex Weldon Nominated
American Cinema Editors Awards Best Edited Feature Film Hugh S. Fowler Won
British Academy Film Awards Best Actor in a Leading Role George C. Scott Nominated [47]
Best Sound Don Hall, Douglas O. Williams, and Don J. Bassman Nominated
Directors Guild of America Awards Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures Franklin J. Schaffner Won [48]
Golden Globe Awards Best Motion Picture – Drama Nominated [49]
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama George C. Scott Won
Best Director – Motion Picture Franklin J. Schaffner Nominated
Golden Reel Awards Best Sound Editing – Feature Film Won
Kansas City Film Circle Critics Awards Best Film Won[b] [50]
Best Actor George C. Scott Won
Laurel Awards Best Picture Won
Top Male Dramatic Performance George C. Scott Won
Top Male Supporting Performance Karl Malden Nominated
Top Cinematographer Fred J. Koenekamp Won
Top Composer Jerry Goldsmith Won
National Board of Review Awards Top Ten Films Won [51]
Best Film Won
Best Actor George C. Scott Won
National Film Preservation Board National Film Registry Inducted [52]
New York Film Critics Circle Awards Best Actor George C. Scott Won [53]
Online Film & Television Association Awards Best Motion Picture Inducted [54]
Writers Guild of America Awards Best Drama – Written Directly for the Screen Francis Ford Coppola and Edmund H. North Won [55]

In 2006, theWriters Guild of AmericaselectedFrancis Ford CoppolaandEdmund H. North's adapted screenplay as the 94th best screenplay of all time.

American Film InstituteLists

Sequel

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Amade-for-televisionsequel,The Last Days of Patton,was produced in 1986. Scott reprised his title role. The film was based on Patton's final weeks after being mortally injured in a car accident, with flashbacks of Patton's life.

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Declined award.
  2. ^Tied withFive Easy Pieces.

References

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  1. ^"Patton".British Board of Film Classification.
  2. ^Solomon, Aubrey (1989).Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History.Scarecrow Filmmakers Series. Vol. 20. Lanham, Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield.p. 256.ISBN978-0-8108-4244-1.
  3. ^"Patton - Financial Information".The Numbers.RetrievedJune 1,2024.
  4. ^TotalFilm."Review of Patton".Archived fromthe originalon July 5, 2011.RetrievedApril 24,2006.
  5. ^"Preserved Projects".Academy Film Archive.Archivedfrom the original on August 13, 2016.RetrievedAugust 4,2016.
  6. ^"Patton".
  7. ^abGussow, Mel (April 21, 1971)."'Patton' Campaign: It Took 19 Years ".The New York Times.
  8. ^Cornwell, Rupert (July 10, 2002)."Rod Steiger, 'brooding and volatile' Hollywood tough guy for more than 50 years, dies aged 77".The Independent.Archivedfrom the original on September 13, 2011.RetrievedMay 21,2009.
  9. ^abcdefghiPattonat theAFI Catalog of Feature Films
  10. ^Travers, Steven (2014).The Duke, the Longhorns, and Chairman Mao: John Wayne's Political Odyssey.Taylor Trade Publishing.OCLC857277430.
  11. ^abcde"Why I Wanted To Portray Patton".Photoplay.July 1970. p. 24.
  12. ^"From 'The Godfather' Trilogy to 'American Graffiti', 'Patton', 'The Conversation' & 'Apocalypse Now', Francis Ford Coppola Shares His Oscar Memories".March 25, 2022.
  13. ^D'Este, Carlo (1995).Patton: A Genius For War.New York: HarperCollins. pp.466–467.ISBN0-06-016455-7.
  14. ^D'Este, Carlo (2002).Eisenhower: A Soldier's Life.New York: Henry Holt & Co. pp.403–404.ISBN978-0-8050-5686-0.
  15. ^abcdMarshall, S.L.A. (March 21, 1970). "Great Georgie Redone".The Charleston Gazette.4:4.
  16. ^Torres, Augusto M. (1992). "Patton".El cine norteamericano en 120 películas(in European Spanish). Madrid: Alianza Editorial. pp. 328–331.ISBN84-206-0575-1.
  17. ^Mitchell, George J."The Photography of" Patton "".in70mm.Archivedfrom the original on January 5, 2012.RetrievedDecember 29,2011.
  18. ^"Fireball Forward - Rotten Tomatoes".Flixster, Inc.Archivedfrom the original on September 25, 2020.RetrievedNovember 12,2012.
  19. ^≠°Travers, Steven. The Duke, the Longhorns, and Chairman Mao: John Wayne's Political Odyssey. "
  20. ^Mitchell, George J. (1975)."The Photography of Patton".After the Battle(7): 38–43.Archivedfrom the original on March 5, 2016.RetrievedSeptember 7,2017.
  21. ^abClemmensen, Christian.PattonArchivedJuly 11, 2011, at theWayback Machinesoundtrack review atFilmtracks.Retrieved 2011-04-22.
  22. ^AFI's 100 Years Of Film ScoresArchived2011-07-16 at theWayback Machinefrom theAmerican Film Institute.Retrieved 2011-04-22.
  23. ^"Patton".Intrada Records.Archivedfrom the original on October 21, 2012.RetrievedOctober 21,2012.
  24. ^"'Patton' Opens Near-Capacity On B'w'y, 'Kremlin Letter' Lively, 'Glass' Glossy ".Daily Variety.February 6, 1970. p. 3.
  25. ^ab"Hit Movies on U.S. TV Since 1961".Variety.January 24, 1990. p. 160.
  26. ^Maxwell, Barrie (November 8, 2012)."Patton (Remastered)".The Digital Bits.Archivedfrom the original on September 16, 2017.RetrievedOctober 29,2017.
  27. ^"Strength at Some N.Y. Situations; 'Patton' Spanky 51G; 'Zabriskie' OK Kickoff; 'Looking Glass,' In 2, Big".Variety.February 11, 1970. p. 9.
  28. ^Silverman, Stephen M (1988).The Fox that got away: the last days of the Zanuck dynasty at Twentieth Century-Fox.L. Stuart. p.329.ISBN978-0-8184-0485-6.
  29. ^Solomon, Aubrey (2002).Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History.Scarecrow Filmmakers Series. Vol. 20. Lanham, Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield.p. 165.ISBN978-0-8108-4244-1.
  30. ^Cohn, Lawrence (October 15, 1990). "All-Time Film Rental Champs".Variety.p. M178.
  31. ^"Patton, Box Office Information".Box Office Mojo.Archivedfrom the original on January 29, 2012.RetrievedJanuary 29,2012.
  32. ^Roger Ebert (March 17, 2002)."Patton (1970)".rogerebert.RetrievedDecember 1,2009.
  33. ^Siskel, Gene(March 5, 1970). "Patton".Chicago Tribune.Section 2, p. 11.
  34. ^Canby, Vincent(February 5, 1970). "The Screen: 'Patton: Salute to Rebel'".The New York Times.33.
  35. ^Champlin, Charles(February 15, 1970). "'Patton' Features George C. Scott as 'Old Blood and Guts'".Los Angeles Times.Calendar, p. 13.
  36. ^Arnold, Gary (March 1, 1970). "Take Your Pick of War Heroes: General Patton".The Washington Post.F1-F2.
  37. ^Kael, Pauline(January 31, 1970). "The Current Cinema".The New Yorker.p. 73.
  38. ^Gillett, John(June 1970). "Patton: Lust For Glory".The Monthly Film Bulletin.37(437): 123.
  39. ^"#1: Patton".reelviews.net.Archivedfrom the original on December 1, 2018.RetrievedJuly 1,2017.
  40. ^James Berardinelli."Patton".reelviews.net.Archivedfrom the original on December 5, 2020.RetrievedDecember 1,2009.
  41. ^Robenalt, James D. (2015).January 1973: Watergate, Roe v. Wade, Vietnam, and the Month that Changed America Forever.Chicago, Ill.: Chicago Review Press.ISBN978-1-61374-967-8.OCLC906705247.
  42. ^"Patton".Rotten Tomatoes.Fandango Media.Archivedfrom the original on November 12, 2020.RetrievedJuly 29,2022.
  43. ^"The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners".oscars.org.Archivedfrom the original on July 2, 2015.RetrievedAugust 27,2011.
  44. ^Purtell, Tim (April 16, 1993)."1971: George C. Patton said no to Oscar".Entertainment Weekly.Archivedfrom the original on August 10, 2014.RetrievedApril 28,2020.
  45. ^"NY Times: Patton".Movies & TV Dept.The New York Times.2009. Archived fromthe originalon April 13, 2009.RetrievedDecember 28,2008.
  46. ^"The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners".oscars.org.October 4, 2014.Archivedfrom the original on July 2, 2015.RetrievedJuly 4,2015.
  47. ^"BAFTA Awards: Film in 1971".BAFTA.1966.RetrievedSeptember 16,2016.
  48. ^"23rd DGA Awards".Directors Guild of America Awards.RetrievedJuly 5,2021.
  49. ^"Patton – Golden Globes".HFPA.RetrievedJuly 5,2021.
  50. ^"KCFCC Award Winners – 1970-79".December 14, 2013.RetrievedJuly 10,2021.
  51. ^"1970 Award Winners".National Board of Review.RetrievedJuly 5,2021.
  52. ^"Complete National Film Registry Listing".Library of Congress.RetrievedDecember 16,2015.
  53. ^"1970 New York Film Critics Circle Awards".New York Film Critics Circle.RetrievedJuly 5,2021.
  54. ^"Film Hall of Fame Inductees: Productions".Online Film & Television Association.RetrievedAugust 15,2021.
  55. ^"Awards Winners".wga.org.Writers Guild of America. Archived fromthe originalon December 5, 2012.RetrievedJune 6,2010.

Bibliography

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  • In 2005, Patton's wife's "Button Box" manuscript was finally released by his family, with the posthumous release of Ruth Ellen Patton Totten's book,The Button Box: A Daughter's Loving Memoir of Mrs. George S. Patton.Taylor, John M.; Taylor, Priscilla S. (July 23, 2005)."Gen. Patton's wife, a New York citizen".The Washington Times.
  • Suid, Lawrence H. (2002).Guts & Glory: The Making of the American Military Image in Film.University Press of Kentucky. pp. 260–278.ISBN9780813190181.Suid's book contains an extended discussion of the production ofPattonand of public and critical response to the film, the discussion occupies most of the chapter, "13. John Wayne,The Green Berets,and Other Heroes. "
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