Philipsburg(Dutch pronunciation:[ˈfilɪpsˌbʏr(ə)x]) is the main town andcapitalofSint Maarten,a constituent country of theKingdom of the Netherlands.The town is on a narrow stretch of land between Great Bay and the Great Salt Pond. It functions as the commercial center ofSaint Martinisland, whereof Sint Maarten encompasses the southern half. As of 2017[update],it had 1,894 inhabitants.[1]
Philipsburg | |
|---|---|
 View of Great Bay towards Philipsburg | |
| Nickname: Town | |
  Philipsburg Location in Sint Maarten | |
| Coordinates:18°01′25″N63°02′45″W/ 18.0237°N 63.0458°W | |
| State |  Kingdom of the Netherlands |
| Country |  Sint Maarten |
| Island | Saint Martin |
| Columbus landed | 11 November 1493 |
| Established | 1763 (by John Philips) |
| Population (2017) | |
• Total | 1,894 |
| Time zone | UTC−4(AST) |
| Climate | Aw |
History
editPhilipsburg was founded in 1763 by John Philips, a Scottish captain in the Dutch navy; the settlement soon became a centre of international trade. Two historic forts bear witness to Philipsburg's strategic importance in St. Maarten's history:Fort AmsterdamandFort Willem.[2]
Tourism
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The main shopping district, Front Street, is in the heart of the city. The city also has a port that is visited by many cruise liners.
Transport
editPrincess Juliana International Airport
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World-famous for its close photographs of landing aircraft,Princess Juliana International Airport(IATA:SXM,ICAO:TNCM), west of Philipsburg, has become a tourist destination in its own right.Jet blastfrom departing aircraft is another 'attraction' as it creates artificial waves. However, jet blast is physically hazardous so viewers need to exercise caution; local authorities have placed a warning on the airport's fence to alert people to the dangers of jet blast.
Education
editSchools include:[3]
- Oranje School (public primary)
- Sr. Borgia Primary (subsidized primary)
- St. Joseph Primary (subsidized primary)
- Sundial School(subsidized secondary)
Philipsburg Jubilee Library is in Philipsburg.[4]
Climate
editPhilipsburg has atropical savanna climate(KöppenAw),[5]and is drier than most parts of the northeastern Caribbean due to arain shadowfrom the island's mountains, drying the northeasttrade winds.The driest months are from January to July, and the wettest from September to November, whenhurricanesare a frequent occurrence in the region.
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.7 (90.9) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.6 (90.7) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.0 (93.2) |
35.2 (95.4) |
34.2 (93.6) |
35.1 (95.2) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.3 (93.7) |
33.9 (93.0) |
32.1 (89.8) |
35.2 (95.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.6 (83.5) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.0 (84.2) |
29.6 (85.3) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.5 (88.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.3 (86.5) |
29.3 (84.7) |
30.3 (86.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 25.7 (78.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
26.6 (79.9) |
27.5 (81.5) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.3 (82.9) |
27.4 (81.3) |
26.4 (79.5) |
27.3 (81.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.3 (73.9) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.5 (74.3) |
24.2 (75.6) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.2 (79.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
25.0 (77.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 18.6 (65.5) |
18.8 (65.8) |
19.1 (66.4) |
19.3 (66.7) |
20.2 (68.4) |
21.8 (71.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.8 (71.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
19.9 (67.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 67.9 (2.67) |
49.4 (1.94) |
46.9 (1.85) |
60.1 (2.37) |
98.0 (3.86) |
55.0 (2.17) |
96.6 (3.80) |
106.2 (4.18) |
116.1 (4.57) |
157.0 (6.18) |
162.0 (6.38) |
101.0 (3.98) |
1,116.2 (43.94) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1 mm) | 13 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 141 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 74.7 | 74.1 | 73.6 | 75.0 | 75.9 | 75.1 | 74.8 | 75.4 | 76.3 | 76.8 | 77.4 | 76.6 | 75.5 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 258.1 | 245.2 | 274.8 | 269.9 | 253.7 | 245.8 | 259.1 | 267.5 | 245.1 | 249.2 | 238.4 | 247.1 | 3,053.9 |
| Source 1:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Meteorological Department Curaçao (humidity 1971–2000)[7] | |||||||||||||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^"Statistical Yearbook 2017"(PDF).Department of Statistics Sint Maarten. 2017. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2020-10-01.Retrieved2020-01-08.
- ^"Accenting St. Maarten, Dutch Caribbean".geographia.
- ^"School Directory".Sint Maarten Government.RetrievedFebruary 28,2018.
- ^"Contact Us".Philipsburg Jubilee Library.RetrievedFebruary 28,2018.
- ^"Philipsburg, Sint Maarten Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)".Weatherbase.
- ^"Princess Juliana International Airport Climate Normals for 1991-2020"(CSV).National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.Retrieved2 September2024.
- ^"Summary of Climatological Data, Period 1971–2000"(PDF).Meteorological Department Curaçao. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2 July 2013.Retrieved22 September2016.
External links
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