Wikipedia

Raiden(video game)

(Redirected fromRaiden (arcade game))

Raiden[a]is a 1990vertically scrolling shooterarcade video gamedeveloped bySeibu Kaihatsuand published byTecmoin Japan.[2]The game's story takes place in the year 2090, when an alien species known as the Crystals invadedEarth.Players assume the roles of the Vanquish Crystal Defense pilot duo, taking control of two state of the art Fighting Thundersaircraftto defeat the Crystals and save the Earth.

Raiden
Japanese arcade flyer
Developer(s)
Seibu Kaihatsu
Publisher(s)
Producer(s)Hitoshi Hamada
Designer(s)Tetsuya Kawaguchi
Programmer(s)K. Kondo
S. Mori
Artist(s)H. Matsuo
Toshinobu Komazawa
T. Matsuzawa
Composer(s)Akira Sato
SeriesRaiden
Platform(s)
Release
April 1990
  • Arcade
    • WW:April 1990[1]
    Mega Drive/Genesis
    • JP:6 July 1991
    • NA:September 1991
    • BRA:July 1992
    TurboGrafx-16
    • JP:22 November 1991
    • NA:1991
    Super NES
    • JP:29 November 1991
    • NA:April 1992
    FM Towns
    • JP:November 1991
    PC Engine Super CD-ROM²
    • JP:2 April 1992
    Jaguar
    • NA:23 November 1993
    • EU:June 1994
    • JP:15 December 1994
    MS-DOS
    PlayStation
    • JP:27 January 1995
    • NA:9 September 1995
    • EU:November 1995
    Lynx
    PlayStation Network
    • JP:29 March 2007
    Mobile
    • NA:24 February 2004
    • WW:December 2012
    Windows
    • WW:16 May 2013
Genre(s)Vertically scrolling shooter
Mode(s)Single-player,co-op
(not in all versions)

The game was conceived afterDynamite Duke,Seibu Kaihatsu's prior title, failed to sell as well as expected. During development, the game was designed as a vertically scrolling shooter due to the popularity of the genre at the time. Cheaper arcade hardware had to be used due to financial constraints caused byDynamite Duke's poor sales.[3][4]

Although Seibu doubtedRaiden's success, it managed to sell 17,000 arcade units worldwide, helping to recuperate the company's investments through word-of-mouth. The title became a critical success, with its most lauded features being the graphics, music, gameplay and co-operative play.

Due to the success ofRaiden,several sequels and related games were made.Raidenwasportedtohome computersand varioushome video game consolesin the early to mid 1990s. The game was released as part of severalcompilationsand through download services such asPlayStation Network.The ports received mixed to positive reception.[5]

Gameplay

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Arcade version screenshot

Raidenis a vertically scrolling shoot 'em up game consisting of eight stages of increasing difficulty. In each stage, the player maneuvers the Fighting Thunder craft, engaging various enemies and avoiding their attacks. In cooperative play, both players can generate special projectiles that damage enemies by shooting the other player craft. After completing the eighth and final stage, the player returns to the first stage with the difficulty increased.

Collectible items includebombs,which cancel out enemy fire and deal damage over a wide area; weapon power-ups; and score-increasingmedals.There are two bonus collectible items: the Miclus (a Boss in Seibu Kaihatsu's 1985 titleWiz) and afairythat releases power-up items when the player dies. When the player dies, the fighter's shrapnel become projectiles that damage enemies. If all lives are lost during a gameplay session, thegame is overunless players insert more credits into the arcade machine to continue playing. Upon continuing, the player will start at the last checkpoint reached.

Plot

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The story ofRaidentakes place in the year 2090, when a species of alien lifeforms known as the Crystals invaded Earth. The Crystals took control over most of Earth's military hardware to use in the invasion. In response, the world organization known as Vanquish Crystal Defense (VCD) develops the Fighting Thunder attack craft, a cutting-edge weapon based on Crystal technology. To survive against the invaders and fight back, VCD deploys Fighting Thunder as the only hope for humanity.

Production

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Development

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According tographic designerand current MOSS CEO Toshinobu Komazawa, the creation ofDynamite Dukegave Seibu Kaihatsu the opportunity to begin developingRaiden,as the former did not sell as well as Seibu had hoped. In order to recoup the costs of developingDynamite Duke,the decision was made to develop a shoot 'em up instead of a sequel to it.[4]Komazawa noted that the development ofRaidenhad a negative outlook, but an earnest beginning, since the shoot 'em up genre was "relatively inexpensive to produce" games for, as well as increasing in popularity at the time. Due to financial constraints, the company opted to use arcade hardware less powerful than those used in their previous titles. Seibu could only afford to develop a shoot 'em up with their development budget, with the project becoming a financial decision, as they had no other choice of game to make.[4]Seibu took production notes from the overseas market, borrowing ideas from popular titles such asCapcom's1942,XeviousfromNamco,andTwin CobrabyToaplan.

The production ofRaidenwas led by Seibu Kaihatsu president Hitoshi Hamada, while Tetsuya Kawaguchi served as itsdesignerandprogrammerK. Kondo and S. Mori were the other programmers.[2][4]Komazawa, H. Matsuo, T. Matsuzawa and T. Wada were responsible for creating the in-game artwork.[2][4]Y. Segawa was responsible for creating the arcade hardware.[2]Near the end of development, Komazawa praised the programmers at Seibu for being able to produce a high-quality game on less powerful hardware.[4]

Audio

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The music forRaidenwas composed by Akira Sato.[2]ARaiden/Raiden IIsoundtrack was published by INH Co., Ltd. It includes soundtracks fromRaiden(Arcade, PlayStation),Raiden Densetsu(FM Towns),Raiden II(Arcade, PlayStation) andRaiden DX(Arcade) as well as other extras.[6]

Release and ports

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Raidenwas first released in the arcades in April 1990 by Tecmo in Japan. It was distributed in North America byFabtek,Taiwan by Liang HWA Electronics, South Korea by IBL Corporation, and Hong Kong by Wah Yan Electronics.[2]The game was ported to various platforms, with each port featuring several changes and additions. In 2022, the arcade version will be included as part of the Sega Astro City Mini V, a vertically oriented variant of the Sega Astro City mini console.[7]

ThePC Engineconversionwas developed by A.I Company and first published byHudson Softin Japan on 22 November 1991, and released a few months later on the North AmericanTurboGrafx-16byNEC Technologies.It is a mostly faithful port of the arcade original.[3][8][9]

TheAtari Jaguarversion was developed byImagitec Design,then released in North America in November 1993.[10][11]The North America, Europe and Japan releases were distributed byAtari Corporationand Mumin Corporation in 1994 respectively.[12][13][14]It features various presentation and gameplay changes from the original arcade version.[3]

TheMS-DOSport was coded by Nigel 'Freddy' Conroy, Steve Cullen and Martin Randall, and spearheaded by Martin Hooley at Imagitec. It shares the same visual design as the Jaguar conversion with the addition of a full-screen display. Its differences from the Jaguar port include support only for FM sound. It was released only in North America in 1994.[3]

Ahandheldversion was developed byBlueSky Softwareand launched for theAtari Lynxacross North America and Europe in 1997 byTelegames,long after the Lynx's commercial lifespan had ended. It was only available throughdirect orderand a few select retailers.[15][16][17]

Raiden TradandRaiden Densetsu

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TheFM Townsrelease was titledRaiden Densetsu( "Legend of Raiden" ) in Japan, while both theMega Drive/GenesisandSuper Nintendo Entertainment Systemports were given the nameRaiden Tradacross all regions ( "Trad" being an abbreviation oftradition,an alternative meaning ofdensetsu). Each version ofTradwas developed and distributed by different developers and publishers.[3]A European release of the Mega Drive version was planned for release byUbiSoftas part of a multi-game licensing deal with Bignet, but was never officially released in the region.[18][19]

Super Raiden

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Super Raidenis aPC Engine Super CD-ROM²version of the TurboGrafx-16 HuCard port. Its main new feature is the use ofRedbook CD Audiofor an arranged soundtrack, along with additional stages exclusive to the CD version.[3]It was developed by A.I Company and released on 2 April 1992, in Japan by Hudson Soft.[8][20]

The Raiden Project

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See main article:The Raiden Project

Both the originalRaidenandRaiden IIwere included as part ofThe Raiden Projectcompilation. The included games are based directly on the original arcade releases and offers several options not found in other ports.[3]TheProjectversion of the firstRaidenwas re-released byHAMSTER Corporationas a stand-alonePlayStationtitle for theirArcade Hitsseries. It was later available as a digital download on the Japanese PlayStation Network store, playable on thePlayStation 3and thePlayStation Portable.[21]

Re-releases

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Raidenwas first adapted onmobile phonesbyCom2uSin 2004.[22]The original game was later included as part of the 2012 compilationRaiden LegacybyDotEmufor mobile devices,PCsand other platforms.Raiden Legacyalso includes the three games in theRaiden Fighterssub-series. On July 1, 2021, the arcade version of the game got ported for modern consoles[23]as part of theArcade Archivesseries.[24]

Cancelled ports

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AnAmigaversion was announced in late 1993 to be under development by Imagitec Design. It was intended to be published byU.S. Gold,but according to a former Imagitec employee on an Amiga-dedicatedinternet forum,it was left unreleased due to the arrival of newer systems on the market.[25][26][27][28]Another version was made by Imagitec for theAtari Falcon,announced in 1994.[29]Early playable builds of both versions have since been leakedonline.[30][31]

Reception

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Reception
Aggregate scores
Aggregator Scores
SMD/GEN TG-16 SNES PCE SCD-ROM² JAG DOS Lynx Mobile
GameRankings 50%[32] — 57.50%[33] — 60%[34] — — 72%[35]
Review scores
Publication Scores
SMD/GEN TG-16 SNES PCE SCD-ROM² JAG DOS Lynx Mobile
ASM — — 4/12[36] — 8/12[37] — — —
AllGame — [38] — — [39] [40] [41] —
AGH — — — — 5/10[42] — 9/10[43] —
Atari ST User — — — — 40%[44] — — —
Beep! Mega Drive 6.5/10[45] — — — — — — —
CVG — — — — 44/100[46] — — —
Consoles + 67%[47] 91%[48] 69%[49] 91%[50] — — — —
Edge — — — — 5/10[51] — — —
Electronic Games — — — — 86%[52]
B+[53] 		— — —
EGM 29/40[54] 30/40[55] — — 24/40[56] — — —
Famitsu 27/40[57] 28/40[58] — 29/40[59] — — — —
GameFan — — — — 329/400[60] — — —
GamePro 19/25[61] — 15/20[62] — 14/20[63] — — —
GameSpot — — — — — — — 7.2/10[22]
Génération 4 — 91%[64] — 92%[65] 62%[66] — — —
Hobby Consolas — 91/100[67] — — — — — —
Hyper — — — — 61%[68] — — —
IGN — — — — — — 7.0/10[69] —
Joypad — 85%[70] 71%[71] 91%[72] 64%[73] — — —
Joystick 70%[74] 82%[75] 71%[76] 90%[77] — — — —
MAN!AC — — — — 61%[78] — — —
Mean Machines 81%[79] — — — — — — —
MDAG 81%[80] — — — — — — —
Mega Fun — — — — 63%[81] — — —
MegaTech 79%[82] — — — — — — —
Nintendo Power — — 11.5/20[83] — — — — —
Play Time — 74%[84] — — 60/100[85] — — —
Player One 60%[86] 77%[87] — 89%[88] — — — —
Power Play 56%[89] — 41%[90] — — 59%[91] — —
Sega Power [92]
68%[93] 		— — — — — — —
Sega Pro 76/100[94]
58/100[95] 		— — — — — — —
ST-Computer — — — — 60%[96] — — —
ST Format — — — — 70%[97] — — —
ST Review — — — — 67%[98] — — —
Super Game 91/100[99] — — — — — — —
Super Game Power — — — — 3.3/5.0[100] — — —
TurboPlay — [101] — — — — — —
Video Games — — — — 60%[102] — — —

Arcade

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The original arcade release ofRaidendid not make as much money initially, with Komazawa attributing this to the game's underpowered hardware and lack of flashy visuals to draw players in.[4]A few months after its release, the game began to generate increased income, resulting in an increase in arcade establishments requesting orders of the hardware. Seibu Kaihatsu ended up selling around 17,000 units through steady sales for a year.[4]

In Japan,Game Machinelisted the title on their 1 July 1990 issue as being the most-successful table arcade unit at the time, outperforming titles such asTrigonandColumns.[103]It went on to be Japan's sixth highest-grossingarcade game of 1990[104]and fifth highest-grossingarcade game of 1991.[105]

It was also an arcade hit for Fabtek in North America,[106]where it became a chart-topper.[107]During November and December 1990, weekly coin drop earnings averaged $194.25 per arcade unit.[108]

Raidenwas included as one of the titles in the 2010 book1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die.[109]

Jaguar

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Electronic Gaming Monthlygave theAtari Jaguarversion an average of 6 out of 10. The four reviewers agreed that it was virtually identical to the arcade version, but were divided about the quality of the game itself. Two of them describedRaidenas "above average", and two described it as mediocre, saying that the ship moves too slow, enemy fire often blends in with the background, and the graphics are subpar given the Jaguar's capabilities.[56]GameProsimilarly criticized that the gameplay is outdated, the ship moves too slow, and that the graphics do not live up to the Jaguar's potential. They concluded that "a snoozer likeRaidenjust seems out of place on a powerful system like the Jaguar ".[63]The Jaguar version has sold more than 22,000 copies since its release as of 1 April 1995, though it is unknown how many were sold in total during its lifetime.[110]

Legacy

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The success ofRaidenresulted in severalsequelsandspin-offsacross multipleplatforms.Seibu Kaihatsu developed theRaidengames until they wentbankruptin 2005. Japanese developerMOSS,formed by Seibu Kaihatsu's development staff, purchased the rights to theseries,with their first release beingRaiden IIIin 2005. In 1994, the game's trademark was abandoned.[111]

Notes

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  1. ^Japanese:Lôi điện,also known asRaiden Trad,Raiden Densetsu( lôi điện vân nói ) andSuper Raidenon otherplatforms.The title in Japanese translates to"Thunder And Lightning";Raimeans thunder anddenmeans lightning. The closest English approximation of the pronunciation is/ˈraɪdɛn/RY-den.

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