Vietnam Campaign Medal

Not to be confused with theVietnam Service Medal.

TheRepublic of Vietnam Campaign Medal,also known as theVietnam Campaign Medal(Vietnamese:Chiến Dịch Bội Tinh), is a South Vietnamese militarycampaign medalwhich was created in 1949 and awarded during theFirst Indochina War.During theVietnam War(Second Indochina War), theSouth Vietnamesegovernment awarded theRepublic of Vietnam Campaign Medal with Device (1960–)to members of theSouth Vietnamese militaryfor wartime service and on March 24, 1966, to members of theU.S. militaryfor support of operations in Vietnam.In May 1966, other allied foreign military personnel became eligible for the award.

Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal
Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal with 1960–Device
Type	Campaign medal
Awarded for	Wartime service and support of military operations in Vietnam by the South Vietnamese military.
Presented by	South Vietnam
Eligibility	Members of theSouth Vietnamese militaryand members of allied countries' armed forces.
Campaign(s)	First Indochina War Second Indochina War(Vietnam War)
Clasps	1949–54:medal ribbon 49–54:service ribbon 49–54:miniature medal ribbon 1960–:medal ribbon 60–:service ribbon 60–:miniature medal ribbon
Status	No longer awarded
Established	1949(1949-df) 24 March 1966(1966-03-24)
First award	RVN: 8 March 1949 – 20 July 1954 France:8 March 1949 – 20 July 1954 RVN: 1 January 1960 – 30 April 1975 U.S.: 1 March 1961 – 28 March 1973 Australia:31 July 1962 – 28 March 1973 New Zealand:1964 to 1973 South Korea:Unknown Other: Unknown
Final award	RVN: 20 July 1954 France: 20 July 1954 RVN: 30 April 1975 U.S.: 28 March 1973 Australia: 28 March 1973 New Zealand: 1973 South Korea: Unknown Other: Unknown
Service ribbon with60–Device
Precedence
Next (higher)	Good Conduct Medal (Foreign military awards precedence vary)
Next (lower)	Military Service Medal (Foreign military awards precedence vary)

Photographs of a Vietnam Campaign Medal

The medal was awarded for two different periods of service inVietnam.The first period for the award was from 8 March 1949 to 20 July 1954. The second period was from 1 January 1960 to the end of the Vietnam War (the date was to be given when the war ended and North Vietnam was defeated). On 30 April 1975,Saigon was capturedby theNorth Vietnamese armyand South Vietnam surrendered and disbanded. The medal was not awarded after 28 March 1973, when the last U.S. troops left South Vietnam in accordance with theParis Peace Accords.

Award criteria

First Indochina War

The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal was created by the said Republic in 1949 and manufactured in France. The French soldiers engaged alongside the South Vietnamese were a priori eligible but were not authorized to wear this medal which duplicated the French commemorative medal and the Colonial Medal with "Extrême-Orient" clasp.

The "1949-1954" bar to be placed on the ribbon, will be created later by Memorandum 2655 of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Vietnam of October 8, 1965 to distinguish the first conflict known as the "Indochina War" from the second started in 1960 and referred to as the "Vietnam War".

Second Indochina War (Vietnam War)

During the Vietnam War, the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal with Device (1960–) was manufactured in the United States and governed by Republic of Vietnam Decrees No. 149/SL/CT of 12 May 1964 and No 205/CT/LDQG/SL of 2 December 1965. The medal was established by the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces Order No. 48, 24 March 1966.The medal is awarded to military personnel, both South Vietnamese for twelve months wartime service in the field,and allied foreign military who have directly participated for six months in "a large-scale military campaign during certain periods of time". All RVN and foreign personnel who served less than six months must meet the following requirements: were wounded by a hostile force; were captured by hostile forces, but later escaped, was rescued, or released; or were killed in action or otherwise in the line of duty.Awarded in a single class, the medal was awarded under the authority of the Chief of the Joint General Staff, Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces.

United States

Public Law 88–257 permitted U.S. military personnel to accept the medal for service performed in Vietnam from 1 March 1961 to 28 March 1973, inclusive.From March 1966 to March 1973, the medal was also awarded to any service member who, while serving outside the geographical limits of theRepublic of Vietnam,contributed direct combat support to the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces for six months. This stipulation most often applied to members who performedVietnam Warsupport from the7th Fleet(all members of the fleet serving off the coast of Vietnam),ThailandandGuam(air crews if aircraft out of Thailand and Guam; no ground support staff),and Japan. In such cases, a U.S. service member needed meet the criteria established for theArmed Forces Expeditionary Medal(Vietnam) orVietnam Service Medalduring the period of service required to qualify for the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal.

Personnel assigned in the Republic of Vietnam on 28 January 1973 needed to meet one of the following: serve a minimum of 60 days in the Republic of Vietnam as of that date; complete a minimum of 60 days service in the Republic of Vietnam during the period from 28 January 1973 to 28 March 1973, inclusive.

Australia

The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal was awarded to Australian military personnel forservice in South Vietnamduring the period 31 July 1962 to 28 March 1973.The requirements for the award were: at least 181 days service, either continuous or aggregated, unless killed on active service (KIA); or wounded in action (includes psychological injury)and evacuated (medically evacuated other than being wounded does not meet requirement for medal); or captured and later released or escaped.

New Zealand

The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal was referred to as the "New Zealand Vietnamese Campaign Medal"(named the South Vietnamese Campaign Medal by theNew Zealand Forces in South Vietnam).The medal was awarded to New Zealand Forces for service in Vietnam for six months between 1964 (arrived Vietnam June 1964) and 1973 (left Vietnam 22 December 1972). The medal was approved for wear in 1966.

Appearance of medal

The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal is made of a gold colored metal in the shape of a 36 mm wide six-pointed white enameled star with six pointed gold rays between the arms of the star. In the center of the star is an 18 mm green colored disc bearing a gold colored map of Vietnam with three painted flames in red between North and South Vietnam, signifying the three regions of Vietnam.On the reverse of the medal is a circle bearing the inscriptionChiến Dịch(Campaign) above andBội Tinh(Medal) below the wordVIET-NAMin the center.The suspension ribbon andservice ribbonof the medal is green (to represent freedom) with three vertical white (to represent purity) stripes.

Ribbon devices

The Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces Memorandum 2655 (8 October 1965) authorized two sets of two silver-plated devices ( 113⁄64"wide and19⁄32"wide) for the suspension ribbon of the medal, and service ribbon of the medal and the miniature medal suspension ribbon, to indicate two separate periods of struggle againstcommunismin South Vietnam.Both sets of the devices if authorized, could be worn on the ribbons.

• Period 1: 8 March 1949 – 20 July 1954: The1949–54device is worn on the medal suspension ribbon and the49–54device is worn on the service ribbon of the medal and the miniature medal suspension ribbon.These devices are not authorized for wear by American military personnel.
• Period 2: 1 January 1960 – the end of the war: The1960–device is worn on the medal suspension ribbon and the60–device is worn on the service ribbon of the medal and the miniature medal suspension ribbon.

The unusual appearance was caused by the Republic of Vietnam government stating that the1960–and60–devices would show the dates of the Vietnam War from start to finish, with the ending year placed on the devices when the South Vietnamese had prevailed over the invadingNorth Vietnam(the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) forces. However, on 30 April 1975, the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon was captured, and South Vietnam surrendered that day to theNorth Vietnamese armyunder the orders of GeneralDuong Van Minh,who since 28 April was thepresident of South Vietnam.

Order of wear

The Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal is considered a foreign award by the United States, South Korean, Australian, and New Zealand governments. The equivalent award from the U.S. Armed Forces is known as theVietnam Service Medal.The joint Australian and New Zealand campaign medal awarded for service in the Vietnam War is theVietnam Medal,with the Australian support service being recognized by theVietnam Logistic and Support Medal.

Country	Preceding	Following
South Vietnam Order of precedence	Good Conduct Medal	Military Service Medal
United States Order of precedence	Multinational Force and Observers Medal(Army) Inter-American Defense Board Medal(Navy/Marine Corps) Multilateral Organization Awards(Air Force)	Saudi Arabian Kuwait Liberation Medal
New Zealand Worn in order of date of award Listed chronologically	Korean War Service Medal	Zimbabwe Independence Medal(Approved for restricted wear only)

See also

• Orders, decorations, and medals of South Vietnam

External links

• Service Medals and campaign credits of the United States Navy Vietnam Campaign Medal