TheArchdiocese of Louisville(Latin:Archidiœcesis Ludovicopolitanais) is aLatin Churchecclesiastical territory, orarchdiocese,of theCatholic Churchin centralKentuckyin the United States. Thecathedralchurch of the archdiocese is theCathedral of the AssumptioninLouisville, Kentucky.The archdiocese is the seat of themetropolitan seeof the Province of Louisville, which encompasses the states of Kentucky andTennessee.The archdiocese is the second-oldest diocese west of theAppalachian Mountains,after theArchdiocese of New Orleans.As of 2023[update],the archbishop of Louisville isShelton Fabre.
Archdiocese of Louisville Archidiœcesis Ludovicopolitana | |
---|---|
Location | |
Country | United States |
Territory | Central Kentucky |
Ecclesiastical province | Louisville |
Statistics | |
Population - Total - Catholics | (as of 2018) 1.1 million 218,000 (17.7%) |
Parishes | 110 |
Schools | 46 K-12 Schools 3 Colleges/Universities |
Information | |
Denomination | Catholic Church |
Sui iurischurch | Latin Church |
Rite | Roman Rite |
Established | April 8, 1808 |
Cathedral | Cathedral of the Assumption |
Patron saint | Saint Joseph[1] |
Current leadership | |
Pope | Francis |
Metropolitan Archbishop | Shelton Fabre |
Bishops emeritus | Joseph Edward Kurtz |
Map | |
Website | |
archlou.org |
Statistics
editThe Archdiocese of Louisville as of 2023 contained 24 counties covering 8,124 square miles (21,040 km2). As of 2018, the archdiocese had a Catholic population of approximately 200,000. The archdiocese operated 110 parishes and missions staffed by 126diocesanpriests,139 permanentdeacons,56religious institutepriests, nineexternpriests, 42religiousbrothers, and 380 religious sisters. The archdiocese had 48 Catholic elementary and high schools serving more than 18,000 students. The archdiocese served more than 233,900 persons in Catholic hospitals, health care centers, homes for the aged, and specialized homes.[2]
History
edit1700 to 1808
editPrior to theAmerican Revolution,present day Kentucky was part of the BritishProvince of Virginia.To prevent hostility with Native American peoples in the region, the British did not allow European settlers to move west of the Appalachian Mountains. After the Revolution ended in 1781, settlers from the original 13 states started flooding into the region.
The Vatican in 1784 removed the new United States from the jurisdiction of the Diocese of London, establishing the Prefecture Apostolic of United States of America, a jurisdiction in the United States.[3]The first Catholic presence in Kentucky may have been a group of 25 families who traveled fromMarylandin 1785 to Goodwin's Station in present-dayNelson County.They later started farms nearBardstownat Pottinger Creek.[4]Most of the early Catholic settlers in Kentucky were English Catholics from Maryland.[4]
The Vatican in 1789 elevated the prefecture to theDiocese of Baltimore,the first diocese in the United States, covering the entire nation.[3]The first Catholic church west of the Appalachian Mountains, Holy Cross, was constructed at Pottinger Creek in 1792.[4]In 1792, theCommonwealth of Kentuckywas admitted to the union.[5]In 1793,Stephen T. Badinestimated that 300 Catholic families were living in Kentucky, clustered in six settlements around Bardstown.[6]
1808 to 1841
editIn 1808,Pope Pius VIIcreated four new dioceses out of the Diocese of Baltimore. One of these dioceses was theDiocese of Bardstown.It included all of Kentucky along with a vast area of theAmerican Midwestcovering six states. The pope appointedBenedict Flagetas the first bishop ofBardstown.Flaget resisted the appointment, but Pius VII insisted he take it.[6]In 1811, Flaget started St. Thomas Seminary near Bardstown. Flaget started construction ofSt. Joseph Cathedralin Bardstown in 1816. He celebrated the first mass there in 1819, although the cathedral was not completed until 1823. Also in 1819, Flaget foundedSt. Joseph's Collegein Bardstown.[7]
Over the coming years, the Vatican started reducing the size of the Diocese of Bardstown. It created theDiocese of Cincinnatiin 1821.[8]That same year,William Byrnefounded St. Mary's College nearLebanon.[6]Flaget tried to resign as bishop in 1833, but the Vatican forced him to stay in that position.
In 1834,Pope Gregory XVIerected theDiocese of Vincennes.[9]The first German Catholic church in Louisville,St. Boniface,was founded in 1836; it is today the oldest continually operating parish in the city. Three years later, Gregory XVI erected theDiocese of Nashville.With the creation of these new dioceses, the Diocese of Bardstown now included just Kentucky.[10]To address the shortage of clergy in his diocese, Flaget in 1835 left for Europe, where he would spend the next four years recruiting seminarians to come to Kentucky. During his absence, Coadjutor BishopGuy Ignatius Chabratadministered the diocese. At this point, Flaget had founded four colleges, a large orphanage and infirmary for girls and eleven academies for girls. He had introduced threecongregationsof religious sisters and four religious orders of men into the diocese.[11]Flaget returned to Kentucky in 1839.
1841 to 1855
editIn 1841, recognizing the increased population and importance of Louisville, Gregory XVI suppressed the Diocese of Bardstown and erected the Diocese of Louisville in its place. He designated St. Louis Church in Louisville as its new cathedral.[9]Like the Diocese of Bardstown, the new diocese covered the entire state of Kentucky. Flaget became the first bishop of Louisville.
In 1848, Pope Pius IX appointedMartin Spaldingas coadjutor bishop in Louisville to assist Flaget. That same year, 40 Trappists monks purchased 1,600 acres in Nelson County from theSisters of Loretto.It becameGethsemani Abbeyin 1850, the first Trappist monastery in the United States.[6]Seeing the need for a new cathedral, Flaget started construction of the Cathedral of the Assumption in 1849. The new cathedral was built around the older St. Louis Cathedral; workers disassembled the old structure, carrying it out piece by piece through the doors of the new cathedral.
After Flaget's death in 1850, Spalding automatically succeeded him as bishop of Louisville. When Spalding became bishop, the diocese had a Catholic population exceeding 30,000, with 43 churches, ten chapels, and 40 priests.[12]One of his first acts was to visit every parish, school and other Catholic institution in the diocese. He founded anorphanage for boysin 1850.[13]He continued the construction of the Cathedral of the Assumption, dedicating it in 1852.
In 1853,Pope Pius IXerected theDiocese of Covington,taking eastern Kentucky from the Diocese of Louisville.[9]By the late 19th century, large numbers of German and Irish Catholic immigrants were arriving in Louisville.
1855 to 1910
editIn 1855, ananti-Catholicriot, later known asBloody Monday,erupted in Louisville. As an election approached in August 1885, tensions were rising in the city. Opponents of theDemocratic Partyand supporters of the anti-CatholicKnow Nothingmovement were spreading rumors. They claimed that immigrant Catholics were planning to overthrow the US Government and that Spalding was hiding weapons for this insurrection in his churches. On election day, rioters attacked German Catholics as they arrived at polling stations. Mobs then started burning homes in an Irish neighborhood. Louisville MayorJohn Barbee,himself a member of theKnow Nothing Party,saved the Cathedral of the Assumption from destruction during the riot.[14]
Between 22 and 100 Catholics were killed before the Bloody Monday riot was suppressed.[15]Following the riot, Spalding wrote, "I entreat all to pause and reflect, to commit no violence, to believe no idle rumors, and to cultivate that peace and love which are characteristics of the religion of Christ."[16]In 1861, during theAmerican Civil War,Spalding closed St. Joseph's College and converted its facilities into a military hospital for soldiers.[13]In 1864, Spalding became archbishop of Baltimore.
To replace Spalding, Pius IX namedPeter Laviallein 1865 as the next bishop of Louisville.[17]During his two-year tenure, Lavialle conducted diocesan visitations, invited theDominican Fathersto the diocese and erected four churches in Louisville.[18]Lavialle died in 1867.
1868 to 1937
editWilliam McCloskey,rector of thePontifical North American Collegein Rome, was appointed bishop ofLouisvillein 1868 by Pius IX. When McCloskey took office, the diocese had 64 churches. He introduced thePassionists,the Benedictines, theFathers of the Resurrection,the Little Sisters of the Poor, theFranciscan Sisters,and the Brothers of Mary into the diocese to run schools and staff institutions. In 1869, McCloskey brought theSisters of Mercyto Louisville to operate theU.S. Marine Hospital.That same year, he established Preston Park Seminary in Louisville. When McCloskey died in 1909, the diocese had 165 churches.
After McCloskey died in 1909,Pope Pius Xappointed Auxiliary BishopDenis O'Donaghuefrom theDiocese of Indianapolisas the next bishop of Louisville. During the1918 influenza pandemic,O'Donaghue closed the diocese's churches. He stated "the civil laws of the community always take precedence over the laws of the church" and adding "I think it was a good thing and the only thing to do."[19]For his efforts and those of the religious sisters andKnights of Columbusin Louisville during the pandemic, GeneralFred Thaddeus AustinofCamp Zachary Taylorwrote him a public letter of gratitude.[20]The Sisters of Charity opened Nazareth College, nowSpalding University,in Louisville in 1920, the first four-year Catholic college for women.[6]
In 1923, the Vatican appointedJohn A. Floershof Nashville as coadjutor bishop in the diocese to assist O'Donoghue. When O'Donoghue died in 1924, Floersh automatically became bishop of Louisville. In 1931, the Dominican Sisters foundedSt. Catharine Junior CollegeatSpringfield.[6]
1937 to 1981
editOn December 9, 1937,Pope Pius XIelevated the Diocese of Louisville to the Archdiocese of Louisville. At the same time, the pope erected theDiocese of Owensboro,taking western Kentucky from the new archdiocese.[9]The Dioceses of Covington, Owensboro, and Nashville were now designated as suffragan dioceses of the Archdiocese of Louisville.[10]The pope named Floersh as the first archbishop of Louisville. In 1941, Floersh criticizedThe Courier-Journalfor featuring a full-page advertisement forbirth control devices.[21]
During his tenure as bishop and archbishop, Floersh increased the number of parishes and schools in the archdiocese. He establishedBellarmine Collegein 1950 in Louisville, the localCatholic Charitiesagency, the annualCorpus Christiprocessions, and St. Thomas Seminary in Louisville in 1952.[21][6]He also called on Kentucky Catholics to support theAmerican civil rights movement.[21]Floersh retired in 1967.
The second archbishop of Louisville was BishopThomas J. McDonoughfrom theDiocese of Savannah,named byPope Paul VIin 1967.[22]A self-described "Vatican II bishop," McDonough implemented theSecond Vatican Council's reforms in the archdiocese.[23]His tenure saw advances inliturgicalrenewal,ecumenism,andlayinvolvement.[24]In 1970, Paul VI erected theDiocese of Memphis,making it another suffragan of the Archdiocese of Louisville. McDonough retired in 1981.
1981 to present
editIn 1981,Pope John Paul IIappointed Auxiliary BishopThomas C. Kellyfrom theArchdiocese of Washingtonas the next archbishop of Louisville.[25][26]Kelly led the restoration of the Cathedral of the Assumption in Louisville, pushed forinterfaith dialogue,and worked for increased lay person leadership in the archdiocese. He started a Campaign for Excellence program that reversed the enrollment decline at Catholic schools in the archdiocese. Kelly admitted to developing anopioid addictionwhile recovering from surgery forlung cancer,only recognizing the problem after being confronted by his doctors.[27]
In 1988,Pope John Paul IIerected theDioceses of Le xing tonandKnoxville,designating both new dioceses as suffragan dioceses of the Archdiocese of Louisville.[9]This action established the present configuration of the Metropolitan Province of Louisville. Kelly retired as archbishop in 2007 after 19 years in office.Pope Benedict XVIin 2007 named BishopJoseph Kurtzof Knoxville as the next archbishop of Louisville. St. Catharine College in Springfield closed in 2016 due to a financial shortfall.[28]In July 2019, Kurtz underwent treatment forurothelial cancer,which required a three-month medical leave of absence from the archdiocese.[29]Kurtz retired in 2022.
Bishop Shelton Fabre from theDiocese of Houma-Thibodauxwas named by Pope Francis in 2022 as archbishop of Louisville.[30]The archdiocese was sued in 2021 by Sarah Syring, a former Catholic school teacher. The archdiocese fired Syring after the single woman told them that she was pregnant. She sued under the Kentucky Civil Rights Act, which prohibitedgender discrimination.She claimed that archdiocese had failed to terminate several male employees who fathered children while single.[31]
As of 2023, Fabre is the current archbishop of Louisville.
Sexual abuse
editIn the wake of the uncovering of widespread sexual abuse in the Archdiocese of Louisville in 2002, it was revealed that Bishop Kelly played a part in reassigning priests he knew or suspected had abused children and reaching confidential settlements with victims. Kelly resisted calls for him to resign.[32]
In March 2003, Louis E. Miller, an archdiocesan priest, pleaded guilty to 44 counts of indecent and immoral practices and six counts of sexual abuse, covering 21 victims. However, he was accused of child molestation in 94 lawsuits against the archdiocese. Miller was sentenced to 20 years in prison.[33]He died in prison in 2017.[34]In June 2003, the Archdiocese of Louisville paid $25.7 million directly from its own assets to settle claims of sexual abuse by its clergy from the 1940s to 1997. The abuse accusations were directed at 34 priests, two religious brothers, and three lay people.[35]
Joseph Hemmerle, a priest from the archdiocese, was convicted in 2016 of inappropriately touching a ten-year-old boy in 1973 while serving as director at Camp Tall Trees inBrandenburg.[36][37]The plaintiff had accused Hemmerle of forcing him to strip naked and then sexually molested him. Hemmerle received a seven-year prison sentence.[38]In 2017, Hemmerle pleaded guilty to molesting another boy at the camp in 1977 and 1978; he received a two-year sentence.[39]
Bishops
editBishops of Bardstown
edit- Benedict Joseph Flaget(1808–1832), resigned but reappointed in 1833
- John Baptist Mary David(1832–1833;coadjutor bishop1819–1832)
- Benedict Joseph Flaget (1833–1841), title changed with title of diocese
Guy Ignatius Chabrat(coadjutor bishop1834–1841), title changed with title of diocese
Bishops of Louisville
edit- Benedict Joseph Flaget (1841–1850)
– Guy Ignatius Chabrat, S.S. (coadjutor bishop 1841–1847), resigned before succession - Martin John Spalding(1850–1864; coadjutor bishop 1848–1850), appointedArchbishop of Baltimore
- Peter Joseph Lavialle(1865–1867)
- William George McCloskey(1868–1909)
- Denis O'Donaghue(1910–1924)
- John A. Floersh(1924–1937); elevated toArchbishop
Archbishops of Louisville
edit- John A. Floersh (1937–1967)
- Thomas Joseph McDonough(1967–1981)
- Thomas Cajetan Kelly(1981–2007)
- Joseph Edward Kurtz(2007–2022)
- Shelton Fabre(2022–present)
Auxiliary bishop
editCharles Garrett Maloney(1954–1988)
Other diocesan priests who became bishops
edit- John McGill,appointedBishop of Richmondin 1850
- John Lancaster Spalding,appointedBishop of Peoriain 1876
- Michael Heiss,appointedBishop of La Crossein 1868 and laterArchbishop of Milwaukee
- James Ryan,appointedBishop of Altonin 1888
- Theodore Henry Reverman,appointedBishop of Superiorin 1926
- Francis Ridgley Cotton,appointedBishop of Owensboroin 1937
- James Kendrick Williams,appointed auxiliary bishop of Covington in 1984 and laterBishop of Le xing ton
- William Francis Medley,appointedBishop of Owensboroin 2009
- Charles Coleman Thompson,appointedBishop of Evansvillein 2011 and laterArchbishop of Indianapolis
- J. Mark Spalding,appointedBishop of Nashvillein 2018
Notable figures
edit- Stephen T. Badin(1768–1853) – Known as the "circuit rider priest", Badin was the first priest ordained in the United States. Served the area that would become the Diocese of Bardstown.
- John L. Spalding(1840–1916) – Co-founder ofCatholic University of AmericainWashington, D.C.He was called the "CatholicEmerson"because of his many books of essays. Spalding later became bishop of theDiocese of Peoria.
- Thomas Merton(1915–1968) – American Trappist monk of theAbbey of Gethsemaniand author. He was known for his writings on Christian spirituality and his work on Buddhist-Christian relations.
- James C. Maloney (1911–1998) – Founded Boys' Haven of America in Louisville in 1948. His brother was Auxiliary BishopCharles Maloneyof Louisville.
- Alfred F. Horrigan(1914–2005) – Founding president ofBellarmine Collegein Louisville. He also headed the city's human relations commission.
Coat of arms
edit
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Education
editHigh schools
editAs of 2023, the Archdiocese of Louisville has nine Catholic high schools and four kindergarten through 12th grade schools. The high schools serve over 5,000 students.[40][41]
Boys
edit- DeSales High School– Louisville
- St. Xavier High School– Louisville
- Trinity High School– St. Matthews[40]
Girls
edit- Assumption High School– Louisville
- Mercy Academy– Louisville
- Presentation Academy– Louisville
- Sacred Heart Academy,Louisville[40]
Coeducational
edit- Bethlehem High School– Bardstown
- Holy Cross High School– Louisville[40]
Kindergarten through high school
edit- Corpus Christi Classical Academy – Shelbyville
- Holy Angels Academy – Louisville
- Immaculata Classical Academy – Louisville (independent)
- Pitt Academy– Louisville (special needs school)[41]
Elementary schools
editAs of 2023, the archdiocese has 36 Catholic elementary schools that served 12,800 students in six counties.[42]
Metropolitan Province of Louisville
editThe Metropolitan Province of Louisville covers the states ofKentuckyandTennessee,and comprises the following dioceses:
- Archdiocese of Louisville
- Diocese of Covington
- Diocese of Knoxville
- Diocese of Le xing ton
- Diocese of Memphis
- Diocese of Nashville
- Diocese of Owensboro
See also
editReferences
edit- ^"Celebrating the Year of St. Joseph".Archdiocese of Louisville.Archivedfrom the original on October 2, 2023.RetrievedMay 2,2024.
- ^"Statistics".Archdiocese of Louisville.Archivedfrom the original on February 4, 2020.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
- ^ab"Baltimore (Archdiocese) [Catholic-Hierarchy]".catholic-hierarchy.org.Archivedfrom the original on December 3, 2023.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
- ^abcTalbott, Tim."Catholic Pioneers".ExploreKYHistory.Archivedfrom the original on June 29, 2023.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
- ^Bureau, US Census."Kentucky 230th Anniversary of Statehood (1792): June 1, 2022".Census.gov.Archivedfrom the original on June 29, 2023.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
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has generic name (help) - ^abcdefg"Kentucky, Catholic Church in | Encyclopedia".encyclopedia.Archivedfrom the original on June 30, 2023.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
- ^"St. Joseph's College, Bardstown, Kentucky".Jesuits.org.Archivedfrom the original on June 30, 2023.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
- ^Archdiocese of CincinnatiArchivedOctober 16, 2010, at theWayback Machinepage onCatholic Hierarchyweb site.
- ^abcdeArchdiocese of LouisvilleArchivedMarch 19, 2011, at theWayback Machinepage onCatholic Hierarchyweb site.
- ^ab"Louisville (Archdiocese) [Catholic-Hierarchy]".catholic-hierarchy.org.Archivedfrom the original on June 29, 2023.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
- ^"Benedict Joseph Flaget".virtualology.Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2011.
- ^"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Martin John Spalding".newadvent.org.Archivedfrom the original on March 28, 2017.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
- ^abClarke, Richard Henry (1872).Lives of the Deceased Bishops of the Catholic Church in the United States.Vol. I. New York: P. O'Shea Publisher.
- ^Bush, Bryan S. (October 20, 2007)."Bloody Monday Riots: August 6, 1855".Bryan S. Bush Books.Archived fromthe originalon February 6, 2012.RetrievedMay 2,2024.
- ^Corfield, Justin (2010). Danver, Steven L. (ed.).Revolts, Protests, Demonstrations, and Rebellions in American History: An Encyclopedia [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia.ABC-CLIO. p. 377.ISBN9781598842227.Archivedfrom the original on May 3, 2024.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
- ^Spalding, John Lancaster(1873).The Life of the Most Rev. M.J. Spalding, D.D.New York: The Catholic Publication Society.ISBN978-0-8370-6949-4.
- ^"Bishop Peter Joseph Lavialle".Catholic-Hierarchy.org.Archivedfrom the original on June 29, 2023.RetrievedJune 29,2023.
- ^Clarke, Richard Henry (1872)."Right Rev. Peter Joseph Lavialle, D.D.".Lives of the Deceased Bishops of the Catholic Church in the United States.Vol. II. New York: P. O'Shea. pp. 586–592.RetrievedMay 4,2022– via Internet Archive.
- ^"CATHOLICS WILL CLOSE CHURCHES: Bishop O'Donaghue Makes It Plain That Civil Laws Take Precedence".Messenger-Inquirer.October 11, 1918.
- ^"APPRECIATED: Gen. Austin Writes Letters to Bishop O'Donaghue and Grand Knight Clines, Expresses Gratitude of Soldier Boys to Catholic Sisters and K. of C.".Kentucky Irish American.November 30, 1918.
- ^abcBell, Mary Margaret (2001). "Floersh, John Alexander". In Kleber, John E. (ed.).The Encyclopedia of Louisville.Le xing ton, Kentucky:University Press of Kentucky.p. 296.ISBN0-8131-2100-0.OCLC247857447.Archivedfrom the original on March 13, 2023.RetrievedMay 3,2024.
- ^"Archbishop Thomas Joseph McDonough".Catholic-Hierarchy.org.Archivedfrom the original on June 30, 2023.RetrievedJune 30,2023.[self-published source]
- ^"Brief History of the Archdiocese of Louisville".Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Louisville.
- ^Bell, Mary Margaret (2001). "McDonough, Thomas J.". In Kleber, John E. (ed.).The Encyclopedia of Louisville.Le xing ton, Kentucky:University Press of Kentucky.pp. 599–600.ISBN0-8131-2100-0.OCLC247857447.Archivedfrom the original on March 13, 2023.RetrievedMay 3,2024.
- ^"Biography at Archdiocese of Louisville".Archived fromthe originalon September 3, 2007.
- ^"Archbishop Thomas Cajetan Kelly [Catholic-Hierarchy]".catholic-hierarchy.org.Archivedfrom the original on April 18, 2022.RetrievedApril 18,2022.
- ^"Archbishop Thomas Kelly dies, led church 25 years".whas11.November 8, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on January 4, 2023.RetrievedApril 18,2022.
- ^Shipman, Bobby (June 2, 2016)."St. Catharine College to close in July".The Courier-Journal.RetrievedJune 2,2016.
- ^"Message from the Archbishop to the Catholic People".July 10, 2019.Archivedfrom the original on June 30, 2023.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
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- ^"Unmarried Catholic school teacher says Archdiocese of Louisville fired her over pregnancy".The Courier-Journal.Archivedfrom the original on May 3, 2024.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
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- ^"The Latest: Jury recommends 7 years for".KTXS.November 30, 2016.Archivedfrom the original on August 16, 2019.RetrievedAugust 16,2019.
- ^Rivest, Sara (January 12, 2019)."Former Louisville priest convicted of inappropriately touching a child denied appeal".wave3.Archivedfrom the original on August 16, 2019.RetrievedAugust 16,2019.
- ^Costello, Darcy."Louisville priest convicted of sexual abuse in the 70s has been denied parole by board".The Courier-Journal.Archivedfrom the original on May 3, 2024.RetrievedAugust 16,2019.
- ^"Kentucky Priest to be sentenced on child molestation charges".WDRB.June 29, 2017.Archivedfrom the original on August 16, 2019.RetrievedAugust 16,2019.
- ^abcd"High Schools Archives".Catholic Schools in the Archdiocese of Louisville.Archivedfrom the original on June 30, 2023.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
- ^ab"K-12 Schools Archives".Catholic Schools in the Archdiocese of Louisville.Archivedfrom the original on June 30, 2023.RetrievedJune 30,2023.
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