San Gabriel(Spanishfor "St. Gabriel") is a city located in theSan Gabriel ValleyofLos Angeles County, California.At the2010 census,the population was 39,718.
San Gabriel, California | |
|---|---|
  | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Motto: "City With AMission" | |
 Location of San Gabriel inLos Angeles County,California | |
  San Gabriel Location of San Gabriel in Los Angeles County, California  San Gabriel Location of San Gabriel in California  San Gabriel Location of San Gabriel in the USA | |
| Coordinates:34°6′10.14″N118°5′58.89″W/ 34.1028167°N 118.0996917°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | Los Angeles |
| Incorporated | April 24, 1913[1] |
| Named for | Archangel Gabriel |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | John Wu |
| •Vice Mayor | Denise Menchaca |
| •City Council | Eric Chan Tony Ding John R. Harrington |
| •City Manager | Mark Lazzaretto[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 4.15 sq mi (10.74 km2) |
| • Land | 4.14 sq mi (10.73 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) 0.02% |
| Elevation | 420 ft (128 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 39,568 |
| • Density | 9,626.8/sq mi (3,716.92/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-8(Pacific Time Zone) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-7(PDT) |
| ZIP codes | 91775, 91776, 91778[7] |
| Area code | 626[8] |
| FIPScode | 06-67042 |
| GNISfeature IDs | 1656614,2411787 |
| Website | www |
San Gabriel was founded by the Spanish in 1771, whenMission San Gabriel Arcángelwas established bySaint Junípero Serra.Through the Spanish and Mexican periods, San Gabriel played an important role in the development ofLos AngelesandCaliforniosociety. Owing to the prominence of Mission San Gabriel in the region's history, it is often called the "birthplace of theLos Angeles region".[9]
History
edit
Tongva
editPrior to the arrival of the Spanish toAlta California,the area that is San Gabriel were inhabited by theTongva,whom the Spanish called theGabrieleño.The Tongva village ofShevaangawas located at the original site ofMission San Gabriel,before being moved to the site of another village,Toviscanga,in 1776 after being destroyed by a flood. These villages were part of an extensive trade network and were interconnected by a series of trails.[10][11]
Spanish period
editMission San Gabriel Arcángel,founded by FatherJunípero Serrain 1771, is the fourth of twenty-one California Missions, and is known as the "Pride of theCalifornia Missions."[12]Dissidence and rebellions against the mission by the Tongva, who were forced to labor at the mission, were common.[13]After the Spanish missionaries bannedconverts to Christianityfrom dancing and participating in ceremony, a major rebellion of eight villages was staged against the mission in 1785 led byToypurinaand Nicolás Jo sắc.[14]
Mexican period
editThe Mission San Gabriel Arcángel served a pivotal role in theCaliforniosociety, with many of the area's first Mexican settlers being baptized at the mission, including future governorPio Pico,who was born in 1801 at the mission and baptized there the same year. He was appointed as California's governor twice, serving briefly in 1832 and again from 1845 through theMexican–American War.Later in life, he was elected as a Los Angeles City councilman.[15]The city ofPico Riverawas named to honor him as the last governor of California to be born inMexico.[16]
American period
editIn 1853, a company of Army Engineers, which included the geologistWilliam P. Blake,passed by the mission in search of the best route for anintercontinental railroad.Blake observed that the once great vineyards had fallen into wild disarray. Fences were in disrepair and animals roamed freely through the property. But the mission bells were ringing and the church was still in use. Blake predicted, "I believe that when the adaptation of that portion of California to the culture of the grape and the manufacture of wine becomes known and appreciated, the state will become celebrated not only for its gold and grain, but (also) for its fruits and wines."[17]
In the first United States census made in California in 1860, 586 people lived in the San Gabriel township, an area encompassing the mission lands and several adjacent ranchos stretching north to what is nowPasadena.By 1870, the population had shrunk to 436.[18][19]
San Gabriel incorporated as a city April 24, 1913, with a population of 1,500.[17]
Geography
edit
According to theUnited States Census Bureau,the city has a total area of 4.1 square miles (11 km2), virtually all of it land.
The city is located in theSan Gabriel Valleyand is bordered on the north bySan Marino,on the east byTemple CityandRosemead,to the south byRosemeadand to the west byAlhambra.
Parks
edit
The Parks and Recreation Department offers an after school sports program and a summer playground program for San Gabriel youth. Along with these programs, the department provides a variety of trips and special events throughout the year for youth of all ages.
Parks include:
- Adult Recreation Center and Senior Center, 324South Mission Drive
- Bovard-Wilson-Hayes House and Jail
- Grapevine Park and Arbor, 324 South Mission Drive
- Smith Park and Pool, 232 West Broadway,
- Vincent Lugo Park,Corner of Wells and Ramona Streets
Climate
editAccording to theKöppen Climate Classificationsystem, San Gabriel has ahot-summer Mediterranean climate,abbreviated "Csa" on climate maps. Summers are hot and very dry, and winters are mild.
| Climate data for San Gabriel, California, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1939–2015 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 94 (34) |
94 (34) |
101 (38) |
106 (41) |
106 (41) |
111 (44) |
108 (42) |
112 (44) |
112 (44) |
108 (42) |
101 (38) |
96 (36) |
112 (44) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 84.8 (29.3) |
85.6 (29.8) |
87.4 (30.8) |
93.2 (34.0) |
92.5 (33.6) |
95.2 (35.1) |
98.7 (37.1) |
100.7 (38.2) |
102.5 (39.2) |
98.0 (36.7) |
90.1 (32.3) |
82.9 (28.3) |
106.2 (41.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 68.6 (20.3) |
68.2 (20.1) |
70.9 (21.6) |
73.8 (23.2) |
75.6 (24.2) |
80.8 (27.1) |
85.5 (29.7) |
87.6 (30.9) |
86.7 (30.4) |
80.7 (27.1) |
74.0 (23.3) |
67.8 (19.9) |
76.7 (24.8) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 57.4 (14.1) |
57.7 (14.3) |
60.7 (15.9) |
63.2 (17.3) |
66.6 (19.2) |
71.2 (21.8) |
75.4 (24.1) |
76.6 (24.8) |
75.1 (23.9) |
69.0 (20.6) |
62.3 (16.8) |
56.6 (13.7) |
66.0 (18.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 46.1 (7.8) |
47.1 (8.4) |
50.5 (10.3) |
52.7 (11.5) |
57.6 (14.2) |
61.5 (16.4) |
65.2 (18.4) |
65.5 (18.6) |
63.6 (17.6) |
57.4 (14.1) |
50.6 (10.3) |
45.3 (7.4) |
55.3 (12.9) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 33.9 (1.1) |
35.7 (2.1) |
38.5 (3.6) |
41.8 (5.4) |
48.1 (8.9) |
52.8 (11.6) |
57.1 (13.9) |
56.1 (13.4) |
54.2 (12.3) |
47.0 (8.3) |
38.6 (3.7) |
33.3 (0.7) |
31.8 (−0.1) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 22 (−6) |
25 (−4) |
31 (−1) |
34 (1) |
38 (3) |
43 (6) |
46 (8) |
47 (8) |
42 (6) |
33 (1) |
30 (−1) |
24 (−4) |
22 (−6) |
| Averageprecipitationinches (mm) | 3.56 (90) |
4.22 (107) |
2.53 (64) |
0.61 (15) |
0.48 (12) |
0.13 (3.3) |
0.04 (1.0) |
0.00 (0.00) |
0.13 (3.3) |
0.61 (15) |
0.92 (23) |
2.44 (62) |
15.67 (398) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 6.5 | 7.1 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 33.2 |
| Source 1: NOAA[20] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima 1981–2010)[21] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 737 | — | |
| 1920 | 2,640 | — | |
| 1930 | 7,224 | 173.6% | |
| 1940 | 11,867 | 64.3% | |
| 1950 | 20,343 | 71.4% | |
| 1960 | 22,561 | 10.9% | |
| 1970 | 29,336 | 30.0% | |
| 1980 | 30,072 | 2.5% | |
| 1990 | 37,120 | 23.4% | |
| 2000 | 39,804 | 7.2% | |
| 2010 | 39,718 | −0.2% | |
| 2020 | 39,568 | −0.4% | |
| 2023 (est.) | 37,732 | [22] | −4.6% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[23] | |||
2010
edit
The2010 United States Census[24]reported that San Gabriel had a population of 39,718. The population density was 9,581.5 inhabitants per square mile (3,699.4/km2). The racial makeup of San Gabriel was 24,091 (60.7%)Asian,10,076 (25.4%)White(11.4% Non-Hispanic White), 388 (1.0%)African American,220 (0.6%)Native American,43 (0.1%)Pacific Islander,3,762 (9.5%) fromother races,and 1,138 (2.9%) from two or more races.HispanicorLatinoof any race were 10,189 persons (25.7%).
The Census reported that 39,266 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 34 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 418 (1.1%) were institutionalized.
There were 12,542 households, out of which 4,542 (36.2%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 6,668 (53.2%) wereopposite-sex married couplesliving together, 1,961 (15.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 965 (7.7%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 481 (3.8%)unmarried opposite-sex partnerships,and 76 (0.6%)same-sex married couples or partnerships.2,121 households (16.9%) were made up of individuals, and 800 (6.4%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.13. There were 9,594families(76.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.47.
The population was spread out, with 7,866 people (19.8%) under the age of 18, 3,555 people (9.0%) aged 18 to 24, 11,335 people (28.5%) aged 25 to 44, 11,388 people (28.7%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,574 people (14.0%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.
There were 13,237 housing units at an average density of 3,193.3 per square mile (1,232.9/km2), of which 6,168 (49.2%) were owner-occupied, and 6,374 (50.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.7%. 19,974 people (50.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,292 people (48.6%) lived in rental housing units.
2000
edit
As of thecensus[25]of 2000, there were 39,804 people, 12,587 households, and 9,566 families residing in the city. The population density was 9,639.3 inhabitants per square mile (3,721.8/km2). There were 12,909 housing units at an average density of 3,126.2 per square mile (1,207.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 33.40%White,1.06%African American,0.83%Native American,48.91%Asian,0.10%Pacific Islander,12.36% fromother races,and 3.34% from two or more races. Those identifying asHispanicorLatino(of any race) were 30.71% of the population. According to theLos Angeles Times,ChineseandMexicanwere the most ancestries in 2000, with 52.6% of residents foreign born,VietnamandChinabeing the most common places of birth.[26]
There were 12,587 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% weremarried couplesliving together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.0% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.52.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 33.3% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $56,720, and the median income Theper capita incomefor the city was $24,816. About 9.5% of families and 12.9% of the population were below thepoverty line,including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.
These were the ten neighborhoods in Los Angeles County with the largest percentage ofAsian residents,according to the 2000 census:[27]
- Chinatown,70.6%
- Monterey Park,61.1%
- Cerritos,58.3%
- Walnut,56.2%
- Rowland Heights,51.7%
- San Gabriel,48.9%
- Rosemead,48.6%
- Alhambra,47.2%
- San Marino,46.8%
- Arcadia,45.4%
Economy
editTop employers
edit
According to the city's 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:[28]
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AHMC San Gabriel Valley Medical | 1062 |
| 2 | Landwin Hospitality LLC | 150 |
| 3 | Ivy Creek Healthcare & Wellness Centre | 147 |
| 4 | SGV Healthcare Inc. | 147 |
| 5 | 99 Ranch Market #208 | 143 |
| 6 | Royal Vista Care Center, LLC | 123 |
| 7 | San Gabriel Country Club | 120 |
| 8 | Pine Grove Healthcare & Wellness Centre | 116 |
| 9 | Five Star Seafood Restaurant | 105 |
| 10 | San Gabriel Superstore | 105 |
Government
edit
In thestate legislatureSan Gabriel is located in the 21stSenateDistrict, represented by DemocratAnthony Portantino,and in the 49thAssemblyDistrict, represented by DemocratEd Chau.
In theUnited States House of Representatives,San Gabriel is inCalifornia's 28th congressional district,represented byDemocratJudy Chu.[29]
City
editFive councilmembers are elected by the voters to serve a four-year term. The Mayor is appointed annually by the Council in a rotation among its members. The City Council is also the Redevelopment Agency Board of Directors. As of July 2024, the members are Mayor John Wu, Vice Mayor Denise Menchaca, and Councilmembers Eric Chan, Tony Ding, and John R. Harrington.[3]
The city's first Chinese American mayor wasChi Muiin 2006. He symbolized San Gabriel's rise as the new center of the region's Chinese community. He died of cancer three months later.[30]Mui was replaced by Albert Y. M. Huang, who served as mayor during his term. Huang submitted his resignation October 19, 2010, following a late-night domestic dispute with his girlfriend and subsequent arrest. Huang has since been cleared of all charges.[31]
Education
edit
The vast majority of the city of San Gabriel is served by theSan Gabriel Unified School District.[32]It has five of the public elementary schools,[33]Jefferson Middle School,Gabrielino High School,Del Mar High School,which opened in 2010, is an alternative high school.[34]
A portion of San Gabriel is in theGarvey School Districtand theAlhambra Unified School District.[32]Two elementary schools that exist within the city limits are operated by the Garvey School District, in the southern portion of San Gabriel.San Gabriel High Schoolis operated by Alhambra USD.
A portion of San Gabriel is in theRosemead Elementary School Districtand theEl Monte Union High School District.[32]
San Gabriel Mission High Schoolis a Catholic, all girls school.
Media
editSan Gabriel community news are covered by theSan Gabriel Valley Tribune,a paid daily newspaper, as well as byMid-Valley NewsandSan Gabriel Sun,which are community weeklies.
Culture
edit
The city has a mixture of Asian, European, and North American cultures.[35]Second- and third-generation Chinese Americans patronize its diverse array of stores and eateries.[30]
There is the 12-acre (49,000 m2) "San Gabriel Square" mall, sometimes referred to as the "Chinese Disneyland".[35]It was also nicknamed by theLos Angeles Timesas "the great mall of China."[36][37]This stretch of Chinese shops and bold architecture, with roofs of Spanish-style tile, is the model for the newethnoburbsrecently recognized in places likeLas VegasandHouston.[35][38]
Transportation
edit
San Gabriel is currently served by theLos Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority.
In 2008, voters approved the measure, proposition 1A for the California High Speed Rail Project from San Diego to San Francisco.[39]The project will be constructed in two segments. TheSan FranciscotoLos Angeles/Anaheimproject is scheduled to be built first, at a cost of $43 billion, with a completion date in 2029.[39]The second phase of the proposed railway, from Los Angeles to stations inSan Diegowill not begin construction until after phase one is completed. TheCalifornia High-Speed Rail Authorityis responsible for planning, designing, and building the system.
Conceptually, the voters were very enthusiastic about a high speed railway. The reality of the possibility that it could impact their neighborhood and their homes is being met with steadfast disapproval. When theCalifornia High-Speed Rail Authorityrecently met with the city councils and residents of San Gabriel,El Monte,Rosemead[40]andAlhambra,to discuss the four proposed routes for phase two, the members of the three city councils expressed that residents were very concerned that the railway could possibly end up in their backyards.[39]Mayor David Gutierrez said, "We made a promise to the community that the city of San Gabriel will never allow anything like this to happen if there is any consideration that people might lose their home."[39]No decisions will be made until environmental impact and evaluation of the various proposed routes are completed in 2014.[39]
Notable people
edit- Rick Aguilera,Major League Baseball pitcher, was born in San Gabriel
- Hank Aguirre,Major League Baseball pitcher[41]
- Susan Atkins,convicted murderer, associate of Charles Manson
- Judge Roy Bean,notorious Wild West figure
- Jesse Chavez,Major League Baseball pitcher
- Francisco Dumetz,missionary
- Mike Garcia,Major League Baseball pitcher[41]
- Curly Howard,comedian and actor
- Ward Kimball,animator for Disney
- Mike Krukow,Major League Baseball pitcher and TV commentator[41]
- Billy Laughlin,child actor
- Dee Luong,poker player
- Gary McCord,pro golfer and TV commentator
- Angela Morales,writer
- Bill Mumy,actor[42]
- Danny Patterson,Major League Baseball pitcher
- General George S. Patton,World War II general
- Pio Pico,last Mexican Governor of California
- Luis J. Rodriguez,poet and writer
- Allan Sandage,astronomer
- Tex Schramm,original general manager of the Dallas Cowboys; born in San Gabriel[43]
- Laurence Trimble,silent film actor
- Louis Vitale,priest and peace activist
- Kurt Vollers,pro football player
- Joanna Wang,singer-songwriter[44]
Sister cities
edit
Changhua City(Changhua County,Taiwan) - (since 1986)
See also
edit
References
edit- ^"California Cities by Incorporation Date".California Association ofLocal Agency Formation Commissions.Archived fromthe original(Word)on November 3, 2014.RetrievedAugust 25,2014.
- ^"Office of the City Manager".City of San Gabriel.RetrievedJune 21,2019.
- ^ab"City Council".City of San Gabriel. 2024.RetrievedJuly 31,2024.
- ^"2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedJuly 1,2020.
- ^"San Gabriel".Geographic Names Information System.United States Geological Survey,United States Department of the Interior.RetrievedFebruary 19,2015.
- ^"US Census Bureau".census.gov.RetrievedSeptember 14,2024.
- ^"USPS - ZIP Code Lookup - Find a ZIP+ 4 Code By City Results".RetrievedJanuary 18,2007.
- ^"Number Administration System - NPA and City/Town Search Results".Archived fromthe originalon September 29, 2007.RetrievedJanuary 18,2007.
- ^"History of San Gabriel".RetrievedMay 6,2021.
- ^University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology.University of California. 1907. p. 141.
- ^The Masterkey, Volume 31.Southwest Museum. 1957. p. 125.
- ^"City of San Gabriel, California, Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, Year ended June 30, 2009"(PDF).City of San Gabriel. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on June 21, 2011.RetrievedNovember 27,2010.
- ^Street, Richard Steven (2004).Beasts of the Field: A Narrative History of California Farmworkers, 1769-1913.Stanford University Press. p. 39.ISBN9780804738804.
a clerk with the Jedediah Smith fur-trapping party spent considerable time observing his San Gabriel mission surroundings. He soon found himself unable to tolerate the site of the natives working in the nearby vineyards and fields. 'They are kept in great fear, and for the least offense they are corrected,' he confided in his diary. 'They are... complete slaves in every sense of the word.'
- ^Hull, Kathleen L.; Douglass, John G. (October 16, 2018).Forging Communities in Colonial Alta California.University of Arizona Press. p. 69.ISBN978-0-8165-3892-8.
- ^"Pio Pico - Last Governor of Mexican California".laalmanac.
- ^"Frequently Asked Questions: Pico Rivera".County of Los Angeles Public Library.Archived fromthe originalon November 21, 2010.RetrievedNovember 26,2010.
- ^abGally, Sid (March 9, 2010)."Past on Parade: What was the San Gabriel Valley like in 1853?".Pasadena Star-News.RetrievedAugust 3,2010.
- ^Paul R. Spitzzeri (Fall 2007)."What a Difference a Decade Makes: Ethnic and Racial Demographic Change in Los Angeles County during the 1860s"(PDF).Branding Iron.
- ^U.S. Census Bureau."Population of the United States in 1860: California"(PDF).
- ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: San Gabriel Fire DEPT, CA".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.RetrievedMay 7,2023.
- ^ "NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Los Angeles".National Weather Service.RetrievedMay 7,2023.
- ^"Population and Housing Unit Estimates".United States Census Bureau. June 25, 2024.RetrievedNovember 9,2024.
- ^"Census of Population and Housing".Census.gov.RetrievedJune 4,2015.
- ^"2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - San Gabriel city".U.S. Census Bureau. Archived fromthe originalon November 12, 2014.RetrievedJuly 12,2014.
- ^"U.S. Census website".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedJanuary 31,2008.
- ^"San Gabriel".maps.latimes.Los Angeles Times.RetrievedJuly 31,2024.
- ^"Asian",Mapping L.A.,Los Angeles Times
- ^"Comprehensive Annual Financial Report".City of San Gabriel.June 30, 2019.RetrievedOctober 25,2020.
- ^"California's 28th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map".Civic Impulse, LLC.
- ^abPierson, David (March 31, 2006)."Dragon Roars in San Gabriel".Los Angeles Times.
- ^"City Council".City of San Gabriel.Archived fromthe originalon December 22, 2006.RetrievedJanuary 19,2007.
- ^abc"2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Los Angeles County, CA"(PDF).U.S. Census Bureau.p. 10 (PDF p. 11/19).RetrievedNovember 19,2023.
- ^"San Gabriel Unified School District Listing".sgusd.k12.ca.us. Archived fromthe originalon August 19, 2010.RetrievedNovember 27,2010.
- ^"Del Mar High School".delmar.sgusd.k12.ca.us.RetrievedMarch 29,2022.
- ^abc"Points of Interest".City of San Gabriel.Archived fromthe originalon May 3, 2011.
- ^Jonathan Gold;Laurie Ochoa (November 12, 1992)."Cook's Walks: The Great Mall of China".Los Angeles Times.Archivedfrom the original on October 13, 2012.
- ^"Welcome To The San Gabriel Square".
- ^Shyong, Frank (February 27, 2023)."How renovation of an iconic Chinese mall represents a shift in L.A.'s Chinese community".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedFebruary 27,2023.
- ^abcde"San Gabriel hears from Rail Authority and residents - Pasadena Star-News".Archived fromthe originalon March 13, 2012.RetrievedNovember 28,2010.
- ^"Residents Oppose HighSpeed Railway in Alhambra Monday Night".San Marino Tribune.
- ^abc"McConnell picks baseball's best ever".February 17, 2009.
- ^"Bill Mumy Biography (1954-)".filmreference.
- ^Eskenazi, Gerald (July 16, 2003)."Tex Schramm Is Dead at 83; Builder of 'America's Team".The New York Times.
- ^"Joanna Wang Lyrics".SweetsLyrics.
External links
edit
