Simpsonichthysis agenusofkillifishfrom thefamilyRivulidaethe species of which areendemicto temporary freshwater habitats like ponds in the upperParaná,upperAraguaia,upperJequitinhonhaandSão Franciscobasins on the centralBrazilian Plateau.[1]They are small annualkillifishthat reach up to 5.5 cm (2.2 in) instandard length.[2][3]
| Simpsonichthys | |
|---|---|
| |
| Simpsonichthys parallelus | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cyprinodontiformes |
| Family: | Rivulidae |
| Genus: | Simpsonichthys A. L. de Carvalho,1959 |
| Type species | |
| Simpsonichthys boitonei A. L. de Carvalho, 1959
| |
Species
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As delineated byFishbasethe following species are included within the genusSimpsonichthys:
- Simpsonichthys alternatus(W. J. E. M. Costa&G. C. Brasil,1994)
- Simpsonichthys boitoneiA. L. de Carvalho,1959(Lyrefin pearlfish)
- Simpsonichthys bokermanni(Carvalho, da & Cruz, 1987)
- Simpsonichthys cholopteryxW. J. E. M. Costa,C. L. R. Moreira&F. C. T. Lima,2003
- Simpsonichthys constanciae(G. S. Myers), 1942(Featherfin pearlfish)
- Simpsonichthys delucaiCosta, 2003
- Simpsonichthys espinhacensisNielsen,Pessali&Dutra,2017[4]
- Simpsonichthys fasciatusCosta & Brasil, 2006
- Simpsonichthys gibberatusCosta & Brasil, 2006
- Simpsonichthys margaritatusCosta, 2012
- Simpsonichthys marginatusCosta & Brasil, 1996
- Simpsonichthys multiradiatusCosta & Brasil, 1994
- Simpsonichthys nielseniCosta, 2005
- Simpsonichthys nigromaculatusCosta, 2007
- Simpsonichthys ocellatusCosta, Nielsen &de Luca2001
- Simpsonichthys parallelusCosta, 2000
- Simpsonichthys perpendicularisCosta, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001
- Simpsonichthys punctulatusCosta & Brasil, 2007
- Simpsonichthys rosaceusCosta, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001
- Simpsonichthys rufusCosta, Nielsen, de & Luca, 2001
- Simpsonichthys santanae(Shibatta&Garavello,1992)
- Simpsonichthys similisCosta &Hellner,1999
- Simpsonichthys stellatus(Costa & Brasil, 1994)
- Simpsonichthys suzartiCosta, 2004
- Simpsonichthys trilineatus(Costa & Brasil, 1994)
- Simpsonichthys virgulatus(Costa & Brasil, 2006)
- Simpsonichthys zonatus(Costa & Brasil, 1990)
Simpsonichthyssensu latowas formerly one of the larger genera in thefamily,but four formersubgenerawere elevated to full genera in 2010:Hypsolebias,Ophthalmolebias,SpectrolebiasandXenurolebias.[5]Some uncertainty remains, with onegeneticstudy supporting them,[6]while another genetic study indicates thatSimpsonichthys(sensu stricto),HypsolebiasandSpectrolebiasare notmonophyletic.[7]
With these as separate genera, there are currently 9 recognized species inSimpsonichthys:[1][2]
- Simpsonichthys boitonei
- Simpsonichthys cholopteryx
- Simpsonichthys espinhacensis
- Simpsonichthys margaritatus
- Simpsonichthys nigromaculatus
- Simpsonichthys parallelus
- Simpsonichthys punctulatus
- Simpsonichthys santanae
- Simpsonichthys zonatus
The name of this genus is a compound of the name of a friend of Antenor Leitão de Carvalho's, Charles J. Simpson of San Francisco, and theGreekfor fish,ichthys.[8]
References
edit- ^abEschmeyer, William N.;Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.)."Species in the genusSimpsonichthys".Catalog of Fishes.California Academy of Sciences.Retrieved8 November2018.
- ^abLoureiro, M.; R. De Sá; S.W. Serra; F. Alonso; L.E.K. Lanés; M.V. Volcan; P. Calviño; D. Nielsen; A. Duarte; G. Garcia (2018)."Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998".Neotropical Ichthyology.16(3): e180007.doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20180007.hdl:20.500.12008/26301.
- ^Berois, N.; G. García; R.O. de Sá, eds. (2015).Annual Fishes: Life History Strategy, Diversity, and Evolution.CRC Press. p. 24.ISBN9781482299717.
- ^Dalton Tavares Bressane Nielsen; Tiago C. Pessali & Guilherme Dutra (2017)."A new annual fish of the genus Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Cynolebiidae) from the upper Rio Jequitinhonha basin, Brazil".Zootaxa.4263(1): 165–172.doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4263.1.8.PMID28609886.Abstract
- ^Costa, W.J.E.M. (2010). "Historical biogeography of cynolebiasine annual killifishes inferred from dispersal–vicariance analysis".Journal of Biogeography.37(10): no.doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02339.x.S2CID86190659.
- ^Costa, W.J.E.M.; P.F. Amorim; J.L.O. Mattos; A.L. Alves (2017). "Molecular phylogeny and timing of diversification in South American Cynolebiini seasonal killifishes".Mol Phylogenet Evol.116:61–68.doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.020.PMID28754241.
- ^Ponzetto, J.M.; R. Britzke; D.T.B. Nielsen; P.P. Parise-Maltempi; A.L. Alves (2016). "Phylogenetic relationships of Simpsonichthys subgenera (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae), including a proposal for a new genus".Zoologica Scripta.45(4): 394–406.doi:10.1111/zsc.12159.S2CID86027315.
- ^Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara (5 September 2019)."Order CYPRINODONTIFORMES: Family RIVULIDAE".The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database.Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara.Retrieved16 September2019.
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