Sparksis a city inWashoe County, Nevada,United States. It was founded in 1904, incorporated on March 15, 1905, and is located just east ofReno.The 2020 U.S. Census counted 108,445 residents in the city.[4]It is thefifth most populous cityinNevada.It is named afterJohn Sparks,Nevada governor(1903–1908), and a member of theSilver Party.
Sparks | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Flag  | |
| Nickname(s): The Rail City,[1]City of Promise | |
| Motto: "It's Happening Here!" | |
 Location in Washoe County | |
| Coordinates:39°33′16″N119°44′8″W/ 39.55444°N 119.73556°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Nevada |
| County | Washoe |
| Founded | 1904 |
| Incorporated | March 15, 1905 |
| Named for | John Sparks |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council–manager |
| •Mayor | Ed Lawson (R) |
| Area | |
• Total | 36.60 sq mi (94.80 km2) |
| • Land | 36.49 sq mi (94.51 km2) |
| • Water | 0.11 sq mi (0.29 km2) |
| Elevation | 4,413 ft (1,345 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 108,445 |
| • Density | 2,971.83/sq mi (1,147.42/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−8(PST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−7(PDT) |
| ZIP Codes | 89431, 89434, 89437 |
| Area code | 775 |
| FIPS code | 32-68400 |
| GNISfeature ID | 0856391[3] |
| Website | cityofsparks |
| Reference no. | 88 |
Sparks is located within theReno–Sparks metropolitan area.
History
editEuro-American settlement began in the early 1850s, and thepopulation densityremained very low until 1904 when theSouthern Pacific Railroadbuilt aswitch yardand maintenance sheds there, after moving the division point fromWadsworth.In 1902, the Southern Pacific purchased a large tract of swamp-like land near its newly built railyard, and gave employees clear deed to a 50 ft × 140 ft (15 m × 43 m) lot for thesum of $1.It also offered to pick up and move every house in Wadsworth and reassemble it in this new town free of charge.[5]As the population increased, a city was established, first called Harriman, afterE. H. Harriman,president of the Southern Pacific, and then renamed Sparks, afterJohn Sparks,thengovernor of Nevada.[6][7]
Sparks remained a small town until the 1950s, when economic growth in Reno triggered a housing boom north of the railroad in the area of Sparks. During the 1970s, the area south of the railroad started to fill up with warehouses and light industry. In 1984, the tower for theNugget Casino Resortwas finished, giving Sparks its first, and currently only, high-risecasino.[8]In 1996, the redevelopment effort of the B Street business district across from the Nugget that started in the early 1980s took a step forward with the opening of a multi-screen movie complex and the construction of a plaza area. This area, now known as Victorian Square, is a pedestrian-friendly district that hosts many open-air events.[6]
Under direction of theU.S. Environmental Protection Agency,a comprehensive dynamic water qualitycomputer model,theDSSAM Model,was developed (Earth Metrics, 1987) to analyze impacts of a variety of land use andstormwatermanagement decisions throughout the 3,120-square-mile (8,100 km2)Truckee Riverbasin; this model was used to develop a set ofsurface runoffstormwater management measures for Sparks in the 1980s.[9]
Panasonic Energy's manufacturing plant in Sparks, Gigafactory 1, producesEV batteriesforTesla.It employed about 7,000 people in 2020.[10][11]
Geography
editAccording to the U.S. Census Bureau, Sparks has a total area of 35.9 square miles (93.0 km2), of which 35.8 square miles (92.6 km2) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.4 km2), or 0.47%, is water.[12]
Climate
editSparks has asemi-arid climate.Due to frequent low humidity, especially in the summer, daily temperature ranges are fairly wide. The average January temperatures are a maximum of 48.2 °F (9.0 °C) and a minimum of 24.7 °F (−4.1 °C). Average July temperatures are a maximum of 92.1 °F (33.4 °C) and a minimum of 55.4 °F (13.0 °C). There are an average of 59.5 days with highs of 90 °F (32 °C) and an average of 140.6 days with lows of 32 °F (0 °C). The record high temperature was 108 °F (42 °C) on July 11, 2002, and the record low temperature was −19 °F (−28 °C) on February 7, 1989.
Average annual precipitation in Sparks is 8.38 inches (213 mm). There are an average of 45 days with measurable precipitation. The wettest year was 2017 with 12.38 inches (314 mm) and the driest was 2013 with 3.27 inches (83 mm). The most precipitation in one month was 5.17 inches (131 mm) in January 2017, including the most precipitation in 24 hours, which was 2.41 inches (61 mm) on October 25, 2021.
Average snowfall per year is 6.8 inches (17 cm). The most snow in one year was 23.3 inches (59 cm) in 2016 and the most snow in one month was 14.0 inches (36 cm) in February 2010.[13]
Sparks has acold desert climate(BW) with warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. There is a great amount of diurnal temperature variation, causing summers to go from very hot during the day to cool at night. Winter temperatures during the day go well above freezing but can go to as low as 20 °F (−7 °C) during the night.
| Climate data for Sparks, Nevada, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1988–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 73 (23) |
75 (24) |
82 (28) |
88 (31) |
96 (36) |
104 (40) |
108 (42) |
102 (39) |
102 (39) |
94 (34) |
80 (27) |
68 (20) |
108 (42) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 61.5 (16.4) |
65.9 (18.8) |
74.2 (23.4) |
80.6 (27.0) |
88.3 (31.3) |
95.8 (35.4) |
100.3 (37.9) |
98.5 (36.9) |
93.8 (34.3) |
84.0 (28.9) |
72.3 (22.4) |
62.7 (17.1) |
100.8 (38.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 48.2 (9.0) |
52.9 (11.6) |
59.7 (15.4) |
65.0 (18.3) |
73.9 (23.3) |
83.9 (28.8) |
92.1 (33.4) |
90.8 (32.7) |
83.6 (28.7) |
71.6 (22.0) |
57.2 (14.0) |
47.0 (8.3) |
68.8 (20.5) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 36.5 (2.5) |
40.2 (4.6) |
45.8 (7.7) |
50.7 (10.4) |
58.5 (14.7) |
66.7 (19.3) |
73.7 (23.2) |
72.0 (22.2) |
64.9 (18.3) |
54.0 (12.2) |
43.2 (6.2) |
35.8 (2.1) |
53.5 (11.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 24.7 (−4.1) |
27.4 (−2.6) |
32.0 (0.0) |
36.3 (2.4) |
43.0 (6.1) |
49.4 (9.7) |
55.4 (13.0) |
53.3 (11.8) |
46.1 (7.8) |
36.5 (2.5) |
29.2 (−1.6) |
24.5 (−4.2) |
38.2 (3.4) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 9.8 (−12.3) |
13.9 (−10.1) |
19.3 (−7.1) |
23.5 (−4.7) |
31.2 (−0.4) |
36.6 (2.6) |
45.3 (7.4) |
43.8 (6.6) |
35.2 (1.8) |
24.2 (−4.3) |
14.8 (−9.6) |
9.0 (−12.8) |
5.0 (−15.0) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −3 (−19) |
−19 (−28) |
14 (−10) |
15 (−9) |
25 (−4) |
30 (−1) |
36 (2) |
38 (3) |
29 (−2) |
9 (−13) |
2 (−17) |
−17 (−27) |
−19 (−28) |
| Averageprecipitationinches (mm) | 1.28 (33) |
1.00 (25) |
0.85 (22) |
0.51 (13) |
0.69 (18) |
0.39 (9.9) |
0.42 (11) |
0.28 (7.1) |
0.24 (6.1) |
0.91 (23) |
0.70 (18) |
1.11 (28) |
8.38 (214.1) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 2.2 (5.6) |
1.0 (2.5) |
1.0 (2.5) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.8 (2.0) |
1.7 (4.3) |
6.8 (17.15) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 5.4 | 45.0 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.1 in) | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 3.8 |
| Source 1: NOAA[14] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: National Weather Service[13] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 2,500 | — | |
| 1920 | 3,238 | 29.5% | |
| 1930 | 4,508 | 39.2% | |
| 1940 | 5,318 | 18.0% | |
| 1950 | 11,378 | 114.0% | |
| 1960 | 19,827 | 74.3% | |
| 1970 | 24,187 | 22.0% | |
| 1980 | 40,780 | 68.6% | |
| 1990 | 53,667 | 31.6% | |
| 2000 | 74,526 | 38.9% | |
| 2010 | 94,728 | 27.1% | |
| 2020 | 108,445 | 14.5% | |
| Source:[15] | |||
2020 census
edit| Race / Ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[16] | Pop 2010[17] | Pop 2020[18] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White(NH) | 46,122 | 55,410 | 57,792 | 69.52% | 61.39% | 53.29% |
| Black or African American(NH) | 1,507 | 2,151 | 3,083 | 2.27% | 2.38% | 2.84% |
| Native AmericanorAlaska Native(NH) | 607 | 876 | 884 | 0.91% | 0.97% | 0.82% |
| Asian(NH) | 3,266 | 5,169 | 7,138 | 4.92% | 5.73% | 6.58% |
| Pacific IslanderorNative Hawaiian(NH) | 316 | 544 | 960 | 0.48% | 0.60% | 0.89% |
| Some other race(NH) | 84 | 103 | 454 | 0.13% | 0.11% | 0.42% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial(NH) | 1,376 | 2,313 | 5,464 | 2.07% | 2.56% | 5.04% |
| Hispanic or Latino,(any race) | 13,068 | 23,698 | 32,670 | 19.70% | 26.25% | 30.13% |
| Total | 66,346 | 90,264 | 108,445 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of theAmerican Community Surveyof 2018, there were 104,246 people, 38,056 households residing in the city. Thepopulation densitywas 2,524.3 inhabitants per square mile (974.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 76.8%White,2.5%African American,1.5%Native American,5.7%Asian,0.5%Pacific Islander,and 5.0% from two or more races.HispanicorLatinoof any race were 29.3% of the population.
In 2018, the population of the city was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18 and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. There were 50.3% females.[12]
In 2018 the estimated median income for a household in the city was $60,785 and 9.9% of the population were below thepoverty line.[12]
Arts and culture
edit
Cultural events include theBest in the West Nugget Rib Cook-off.[19]
Libraries
editSparks has two public libraries, one downtown adjacent, and another in Spanish Springs. Both are branches of theWashoe County Library System.[20][21]The Sparks Library is 23,000 square feet (2,100 m2).[20]
In 2019, the Sparks library started aDrag Queen Story Hour,despite opposition from parents and conservative groups.[22]
Parks and recreation
editThe Nugget Event Center is an 8,600 seat outdoor concert amphitheater in downtown Sparks.[23]
Sparks Marina Park was established on a naturally occurring aquifer in Sparks. Aquatic activities include windsurfing, sailing, swimming, scuba diving, fishing and boating. The surrounding park includes walking paths, a dog park, volleyball courts, playgrounds, picnic areas, showers, and a concession stand.[24]
TheMustang Ranch,described as "Nevada's most infamous brothel", has operated at various locations east of Sparks since 1967.[25]
Sparks is home to two golf courses, Wildcreek and Red Hawk.
Education
edit
Public education in Sparks is administered by theWashoe County School District.Schools located within the city district territory include:
High Schools
Middle Schools
- Sky Ranch Middle School
- Sparks Middle School
- Mendive Middle School
- Dilworth Middle School
- Yvonne Shaw Middle School
Elementary Schools
- Robert Mitchell Elementary School
- Alice Maxwell Elementary School
- Florence Drake Elementary School
- Greenbrae Elementary School
- Lena Juniper Elementary School
- Bud Beasley Elementary School
- Van Gorder Elementary School
- Alyce Taylor Elementary School
- Jesse Hall Elementary School
- Spanish Springs Elementary School
- Excel Christian School– a private institution.
- Katherine Dunn Elementary School
- Miguel Sepulveda Elementary School
- Lloyd Diedrichsen Elementary School
Infrastructure
editTransportation
edit
TheRegional Transportation Commission of Washoe County(RTC) operates a city bus system that services the cities of Reno and Sparks.
Sparks is served by the nearbyReno–Tahoe International Airport.
Rail
editTheUnion Pacific Railroadruns east–west through the center of Sparks. The Union Pacific has a significantrail yardsouth of I-80, just south and adjacent to the Nugget Hotel/Casino towers in downtown Sparks, and is a central part of the area'sindustrial park.Passenger rail service to theSparks Amtrak Stationended in 2009, although service continues in neighboring Reno by theCalifornia Zephyr.
Roads
editInterstate 80runs east–west through Sparks.State Route 445 (Pyramid Way),El Rancho Drive, Sullivan Lane, Rock Boulevard, Sparks Boulevard, Vista Boulevard, andState Route 659 (McCarran Blvd)are the city's major north–south thoroughfares. Pyramid Way runs from Nugget Avenue in downtown Sparks toPyramid Lake,about 35 miles north of the city, and has been designated aNevada Scenic Byway.
Sparks is connected directly to south Reno by the Southeast Connector. It is a northerly extension of Veterans Parkway to the Sparks Boulevard at Greg Street. It serves as an expressway, with only 2 signaled intersections along its 5.5 mile stretch (one at Pembroke Drive and one at Mira Loma Drive), and constitutes a major arterial connection between Reno and Sparks. It provides an alternative route to existing, overcrowded routes such as the US-395/I-580 freeway, Rock Boulevard, and McCarran Boulevard. Construction began in late 2013, and was completed in July 2018.[26]
Sparks also is gearing up for the record of decision on a major, $1.1 billion (estimated) arterial road project, one that will turn a large portion of Pyramid Highway through nearby Spanish Springs into a controlled access, high speed arterial road that connects directly with the US 395 freeway via a complex interchange at the current Parr Boulevard connection. This will directly connect Spanish Springs, a major population center (parts of which are annexed with the city of Sparks), located in the valley just north of Sparks, with the existing Reno/Sparks freeway system which consists currently of Interstate 80 and US 395. This project will also offer more direct freeway system and inter-valley connections to and from Sun Valley, another major population center of the Reno/Sparks metropolitan statistical area. Sun Valley is located just north of Reno and just west of Spanish Springs, and is home to just over 20,000 residents as of 2020.
Notable people
edit- Mädchen Amick(b. 1970), actress onTwin PeaksandWitches of East End,born in Sparks[27]
- T. J. Bell(b. 1980), motorsport driver, grew up in Sparks[28]
- Bruce Breslow(b. 1956), former mayor of Sparks
- Scott Cousins(b. 1985), professional baseball player
- Brian Crane,syndicated cartoonist ofPickles
- Jacob Dalton(b. 1991), Olympic gymnast
- Jim Gibbons(b. 1944), formergovernor of Nevada
- David S. Loeb(1924–2003), businessman, co-founder ofCountrywideandIndyMac
- Jena Malone(b. 1984), actress,The Hunger Games,Pride & Prejudice
- Jake McGee(b. 1986), professional baseball player
- Steve Portenga(b. 1970), racing driver
- Brian Retterer(b. 1972), NCAA champion swimmer
- Karl Rove(b. 1950), political activist, lobbyist, pundit, andDeputy White House Chief of Staff
- Dan Serafini(b. 1974), professional baseball player withNaranjeros de Hermosillo
- Josh Weston(1973–2012), adult film star
- Vernon White(b. 1971), mixed martial artist
See also
edit
References
edit- ^"TMCC Students Help Sparks Museum Raise Funds - News".Truckee Meadows Community College.July 5, 2016.RetrievedAugust 27,2022.
- ^"ArcGIS REST Services Directory".United States Census Bureau.RetrievedSeptember 19,2022.
- ^abU.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Sparks, Nevada
- ^"Census – Geography Profile: Sparks city, Nevada".RetrievedOctober 14,2021.
- ^"The Great Race to Promontory".Union Pacific Railroad.RetrievedSeptember 17,2018.
- ^abToll, David W. (October 2002).The Complete Nevada Traveler: The Affectionate and Intimately Detailed Guidebook to the Most Interesting State in America.Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press. pp. 68–69.ISBN978-0-940936-12-6.
- ^Myrick, David F. (2007).Railroads of Nevada and Eastern California: The Southern Roads.Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press. p. 868.ISBN978-0-87417-194-5.
- ^Kling, Dwayne; Melton, Rollan (August 2010).The Rise of the Biggest Little City: An Encyclopedic History of Reno Gaming, 1931–1981.Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press. p. 3.ISBN978-0-87417-829-6.
- ^C. M. Hogan, Marc Papineau et al. (1987).Development of a dynamic water quality simulation model for the Truckee River,Earth Metrics Inc., Environmental Protection Agency Technology Series, Washington D.C.
- ^Spillman, Benjamin (December 10, 2018)."It's big, loud and secretive: We got a tour of Tesla's Gigafactory and here's how it works".Reno Gazette Journal.RetrievedAugust 27,2022.
- ^Hidalgo, Jason (September 7, 2020)."Panasonic expanding at Tesla Gigafactory, plans to add 100 workers, exec confirms".Reno Gazette Journal.RetrievedAugust 27,2022.
- ^abc"U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts Sparks city, Nevada".U.S. Census Bureau.RetrievedApril 10,2020.
- ^ab "NOAA Online Weather Data".National Weather Service.RetrievedSeptember 21,2022.
- ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access".National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.RetrievedSeptember 21,2022.
- ^Moffatt, Riley.Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850–1990.Lanham:Scarecrow, 1996, 158.
- ^"P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Sparks city, Nevada".United States Census Bureau.
- ^"P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Sparks city, Nevada".United States Census Bureau.
- ^"P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Sparks city, Nevada".United States Census Bureau.
- ^Sonner, Scott (May 31, 2005)."Sparks sets lineup for annual cook-off".Las Vegas Review-Journal(AP).RetrievedSeptember 7,2009.
- ^ab"Sparks Library".Washoe County Library System.RetrievedMarch 21,2021.
- ^"Spanish Springs Library".Washoe County Library System.RetrievedMarch 21,2021.
- ^McAndrew, Siobhan (June 12, 2019)."Drag Queen Story Hour comes to Sparks Library; Nevada Family Alliance looks to stop event".Reno Gazette Journal.RetrievedMarch 21,2021.
- ^"Sparks approves nearly $1.3M for new concert venue".January 29, 2019.
- ^"Helms Lake at Sparks Marina Park".City of Sparks, Nevada.
- ^"Nevada's Most Infamous Brothel, Mustang Ranch, Back In Business".FOX News. August 5, 2007.
- ^Higdon, Mike."Southeast Connector opens next week, could save 14 minutes on your Reno-Sparks commute".Reno Gazette Journal.RetrievedAugust 27,2019.
- ^"Happy Birthday To Westport's Mädchen Amick".Westport Daily Voice.December 12, 2015.RetrievedJuly 5,2018.
- ^"Sparks' TJ Bell hits fast track at California Speedway".Reno Gazette-Journal.October 18, 2005. p. 51.RetrievedJuly 5,2018– via Newspapers.
Bell, a native of Sparks...
Further reading
edit- Joyce M. Cox,Sparks(Images of America series, Arcadia Publishing, 2017).
- Earth Metrics Inc., C. M. Hogan, Marc Papineau, et al.Development of a dynamic water quality simulation model for the Truckee River,Environmental Protection Agency Technology Series, Washington, D.C. (1987).
- Sparks Centennial History Book committee,History of Sparks: Centennial Edition(2004).
External links
edit