Wikipedia

Sports in Chicago

"Chicago Sports" redirects here. For the news publication that launched the sports website ChicagoSports, seeChicago Tribune.

Sports in Chicagoinclude many professional sports teams.Chicagois one ofeleven U.S. citiesto have teams from thefive major American professional team sports(baseball, football, basketball, hockey, and soccer). Chicago has been named as the "Best Sports City" bySporting Newsthree times: 1993, 2006, and 2010.

Chicago was a candidate city for the2016 Summer Olympicsbut lost toRio de Janeiro.[1]Chicago also hosted the1959Pan American Games,as well as the2006Gay Games.Chicago hosted the inaugural1968Special Olympics Summer World Gamesas well as its second games in 1970. Chicago also was the host of the 2017Warrior Games.

Major league teams

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See also:U.S. cities with teams from four major sports

The following is a list of active, professionalmajor-leagueChicagosports teams,ranked by attendance:

Club League Sport Venue Attendance Founded Championships Last Championship
Chicago Bears NFL Football Soldier Field 61,142 1919 1Super Bowl,8 prior Championships 1985
Chicago Cubs MLB Baseball Wrigley Field 41,649 1870 3World Series,6 prior championships 2016
Chicago White Sox MLB Baseball Guaranteed Rate Field 40,625 1900 3World Series,1 prior championship 2005
Chicago Blackhawks NHL Ice hockey United Center 21,653 1926 6Stanley Cups 2015
Chicago Bulls NBA Basketball United Center 20,776 1966 6NBA Championships 1998
Chicago Fire FC MLS Soccer Soldier Field 14,806 1997 1MLS Cup,1Supporters Shield,4U.S. Open Cup 2006
Chicago Sky W NBA Basketball Wintrust Arena 6,358 2006 1W NBA Championship 2021
Chicago Red Stars NWSL Soccer SeatGeek Stadium 5,451 2006 None N/A
Chicago Hounds MLR Rugby SeatGeek Stadium 4,443 2022 None N/A

Soccer (MLS, NWSL)

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Section 8during the match betweenChicago Fire FCand Vancouver atSeatGeek StadiuminBridgeview, Illinois
See also:Chicago SpartaandChicago Sting
Kit of theChicago Sting,who played in theNASLfrom 1975 to 1984

Soccer in Chicago can be traced back toChicago Sparta.Founded in 1917 by immigrant Czechs, Sparta competed in several leagues during its existence.[2]The club's achievements include: winning the National Soccer League of Chicago; winning 9 titles in Chicago's International League, of which the team was a member 1926–1936; and winning the National Challenge Cup twice.[3][4] In the 1950s, the Chicago Falcons operated. They won the National Challenge Cup in 1953.[5]

Chicago was once the home of theChicago Stingwho competed in the major professionalNorth American Soccer League(NASL) from 1975 to 1984. They spread their home games atSoldier Field,Wrigley Field,andComiskey Park.The Sting won theSoccer Bowltwice:1981and1984.They were the only club other than theNew York Cosmosto win multiple titles in the NASL[6]One of the club's notable players was German forwardArno Steffenhagen.

Chicago Fire FC,a member ofMajor League Soccer(MLS), have won oneMLS Cupand fourU.S. Open Cupssince they entered the league in 1998. The Fire won their sole MLS Cup in1998,their inaugural season, led by head coachBob Bradley,who later went on to coach theU.S. national soccer team.[7]The Fire played from 2006 to 2019 atSeatGeek Stadium(originally Toyota Park), asoccer-specific stadiumlocated in the Chicago suburb ofBridgeviewnear Midway Airport. The club currently plays atSoldier Fieldafter finalizing an agreement with the Chicago Park District in September 2019.[8]Some notable former players includeCuauhtémoc Blancofrom Mexico,Brian McBridefrom the U.S.,Peter Nowakfrom Poland, andBastian Schweinsteigerfrom Germany – a demonstration of the team's international flavor. The club is named after theGreat Chicago Fireof 1871.

Chicago is also home to theChicago Red Stars,currently playing in theNational Women's Soccer League.The Red Stars began their second stint at the venue now known as SeatGeek Stadium in 2016, having played there previously as a member of the now-defunctWomen's Professional Soccer.

Baseball (MLB)

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Chicago is one of three metro areas in the United States that has twoMajor League Baseballteams, the others beingLos AngelesandNew York City.Of these, only Chicago and New York City have both teams in the city limits. Chicago is the only city that has had more than one MLB team every year since the founding of the American League in 1901 (New York City hosted one team between 1958 and 1962, and Los Angeles has only done so since 1961). TheChicago Cubsare members of theNational League,while theChicago White Soxare members of theAmerican League.

Wrigley Fieldhas been the home to the Cubs since 1916.

The Cubs play inWrigley Fieldin the North side neighborhood ofWrigleyville.[9]The Cubs are the oldest Major League Baseball team to have never changed their city, one of nine out of the sixteen teams to predate expansion that have not changed cities. They have played in Chicago since 1871, and continuously so since 1874 due to theGreat Chicago Fire.The White Sox play inGuaranteed Rate Fieldin theSouth Sideneighborhood ofArmour Square.They have played in Chicago since the formation of the American League in 1901.

Guaranteed Rate Fieldhas been the home of the Chicago White Sox since 1991.

The Cubs'rivalrywith theSt. Louis Cardinalsis one of the most bitter in North American professional sports. The Cubs are the oldest team to play continuously in the same city since the formation of the National League in 1876.[10]They have played more games, have more wins and scored more runs than any other team in Major League baseball since 1876.[11]They have won threeWorld Seriestitles and are fourth among National League teams with17 pennants.In2016,the Cubs broke the two longest droughts in professional sports: They won their sport's title for the first time since1908,a drought of 108 years, and participated in a World Series for the first time since1945,a drought of 71 years.

The White Sox have played on the South Side continuously since 1901, with all three of their home fields throughout the years being within mere blocks of one another. They have won three World Series titles (1906,1917,2005) andsix American League pennants,including the first in 1901. The Sox are fifth in the American League in all-time wins, and sixth in pennants.

Basketball ( NBA, W NBA )

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The United Center is the home of the NBA 'sBullsand NHL'sBlackhawks

TheChicago Bullsof theNational Basketball Associationis a professionalbasketballteam.Michael JordanandScottie Pippenled the Bulls to six NBA championships in two "threepeats" from 1991 to 1993 and again from 1996 to 1998.[12][13]The new generation of Bulls, known as "The Baby Bulls", emerged in 2005.[14]In 2007, they swept the defending champs, the Miami Heat. In 2011, led by league MVPDerrick Rose,the Bulls made it to the Eastern Finals, losing to the Miami Heat.

Chicago is home to theChicago Skyof theWomen's National Basketball Association.The Chicago Sky won the2021 W NBA Finalsbeating the Phoenix Mercury 3-1.

American football (NFL)

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Soldier Fieldis the home of theBears(NFL) andChicago Fire FC(MLS).

TheChicago Bearsof theNational Football Leagueplay atSoldier Field.The Bears' history includes many NFL personalities, including ownerGeorge Halas,playersDick Butkus,Gale Sayers,Walter Payton,and coachMike Ditka.The Bears are one of the original teams of the NFL, founded by Halas in 1919 inDecatur, Illinois.They currently have the most players inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame with26.[15]In 1985, the Bears wonSuper Bowl XX46–10 over theNew England Patriots.[16]In the 2006 season, the Bears once again made it to theSuper Bowl,but lost 29–17 to the Indianapolis Colts.[17]They were led by coachLovie Smith.

The Bears'rivalrywith theGreen Bay Packersdates back the 1920s, and is one of the most intense in American professional sports.[18]The Bears have other regional anddivisionalrivalries with theMinnesota Vikingsand theDetroit Lions.[19]

The Bears play their home games atSoldier Field,named after "The men and women of the armed forces". It is located next to the shores of Lake Michigan, onLake Shore Drive.Soldier Field was an aging stadium and was in dire need of renovation by the end of the 20th century. In 2003, the stadium re-opened after an extensive renovation, which increased the number of luxury boxes and dramatically improved the game day experience for Bears fans. However, because of this renovation, the stadium lost its National Historic Landmark designation on February 17, 2006.

Ice hockey (NHL)

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TheChicago Blackhawksof theNational Hockey Leagueis the city's professionalice hockeyteam, and are anOriginal Sixteam. The Blackhawks won theStanley Cupin1934,1938,1961,2010,2013,[20]and again in2015.[21]The Blackhawks receive national attention for the intense rivalries with theDetroit Red Wings,also an Original Six team.[22]Other rivalries include the Vancouver Canucks, St. Louis Blues (formerNorris Divisionrivals), and the Nashville Predators. Some well-known players include:Stan Mikita,Tony Esposito,Bobby Hull,Keith Magnuson,Glenn Hall,Denis Savard,Steve Larmer,Jeremy Roenick,Chris Chelios,Ed Belfour,Patrick Kane,Patrick Sharp,Marián Hossa,Corey Crawford,Jonathan Toews,andDuncan Keith.

Major league professional championships

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Minor league teams

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The following is a list of active minor league, semi-pro, and amateur Chicagosports teams,ranked by year of establishment:

Club League Sport Venue Established Championships
Chicago Wolves AHL Ice hockey Allstate Arena 1994 5
Chicago Steel USHL Ice Hockey Fox Valley Ice Arena 2000 2
Windy City Rollers WFTDA Roller derby Credit Union 1 Arena 2004 0
Chicago Swans USAFL Australian rules football Waveland Field 2008 0
Chicago Union UFA Ultimate De La Salle Institute Stadium 2013 0
Windy City Bulls NBA G League Basketball Now Arena 2016 0
Chicago Fire FC II MLS Next Pro Soccer SeatGeek Stadium 2021 0

Independent league baseball

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Club League Venue Location Established Championships
Joliet Slammers Frontier League Duly Health and Care Field Joliet, Illinois 2010 2 (2011, 2018)
Schaumburg Boomers Frontier League Wintrust Field Schaumburg, Illinois 2011 4 (2013, 2014, 2017, 2021)
Windy City ThunderBolts Frontier League Ozinga Field Crestwood, Illinois 1995 2 (2007, 2008)
Gary SouthShore RailCats American Association U.S. Steel Yard Gary, Indiana 2001 3 (2005, 2007, 2013)
Chicago Dogs American Association Impact Field Rosemont, Illinois 2018 None
Kane County Cougars American Association Northwestern Medicine Field Geneva, Illinois 1991 None[a]
  1. ^The Cougars joined the American Association in 2021. They won two titles in the affiliatedMidwest Leaguein 2001 and 2014.

Hockey

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The Chicago metropolitan area is also home to theChicago Wolvesof theAmerican Hockey League.The Chicago Wolves have been successful, making numerous playoff appearances and winning the Turner and Calder cups many times.[citation needed]Playing in suburban Geneva are theChicago Steelof theUnited States Hockey League,a Tier One Junior Hockey league, the only tier one junior league in the United States.[citation needed]

Arena football

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The Chicago metropolitan area was also home to theChicago Rushof theArena Football League,who played atAllstate Arenain Rosemont. The Rush won its first championship in 2006,ArenaBowl XX.[23]Chicago was also home to theChicago Bruisersfrom 1987 to 1989, an original team in the AFL's inaugural season in 1987. The Bruisers hostedArenaBowl II.[24][25]

TheChicago Rushhad been a member of theArena Football Leaguesince 2001, and wonArenaBowl XX,playing in suburbanRosemont,although they now played in Rockford, as of 2013. The team has been defunct since 2013.

The Arena Football League front office was based in Chicago.

Rugby

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TheChicago HoundsofMajor League Rugbybegan play in2023atSeatGeek StadiuminBridgeview, Illinois.[26][27]

TheChicago GriffinsandChicago Lionsboth play in theMidwest Rugby Premiership.

Chicago Stockyardersrugby leagueteam played in 2010'sAMNRL'sWar at the Shorein a 7s match against theNorthern Raiders.[28]

In internationalrugby union,Soldier Fieldwas the site of the first-ever victory byIrelandoverNew Zealand,with the Irish defeating the All Blacks 40–29 on November 5, 2016.[29]

Other sports

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Chicago is home to theChicago Blitzof theX League.

The Chicago area has also played host to theWWE'sWrestleManiamultiple times, most recently forWrestleMania 22.[30]Five-time world championCM Punkis a Chicago native who still lives in the city. Chicago has also hosted majorprofessional wrestlingmatches, includingWrestleMania 22,and several otherpay-per-viewevents, such asMoney in the Bankin 2011,Extreme Rulesin 2012, andWWE Paybackin 2013.[31][32][33]The northwest suburb ofHoffman EstateshostedAll Inin 2018, the first U.S. wrestling event not sponsored by WWE or the now-defunctWCWin 25 years to have sold more than 10,000 tickets. This event was the springboard for the creation ofAll Elite Wrestling(AEW) several months later. AEW would run two historically significant shows in the Chicago area in 2021. The first,The First Dance,was held at the United Center on August 20. During this show, CM Punk debuted for AEW, marking his first appearance as an active wrestler since his acrimonious departure from WWE in 2014.[34]Then, during Labor Day weekend on September 5, theAll Outpay-per-view saw AEW visit the same Hoffman Estates venue that had hosted All In. During this event, Punk wrestled his first match since his WWE departure, defeatingDarby Allin.[35]At the time, All Out was the most-purchased AEW PPV, and according to veteran wrestling journalistDave Meltzerwas the most-bought non-WWE professional wrestling PPV in history.[36]

Starting just offNavy Pieris theChicago Yacht Club Race to Mackinac,a 333-mile (289 nmi; 536 km) offshoreyacht raceheld each July. It is the oldest annual freshwater distance race in the world. 2015 marks the 107th running of the "Mac".[37]

Chicago is home to two all-female roller derby leagues;Chicago Outfit Roller DerbyandWindy City Rollersof theWomen's Flat Track Derby Association.[38]As of November 2013, Windy City is ranked 8th worldwide out of over 175 WFTDA members,[39]hosted theWFTDA Championshipin 2010,[40]and play their home games atUIC Pavilion.[41] The Chicago area is also home to theChicago Red Hots,an amateur roller derby club affiliated withUSA Roller Sportsunder theUS Olympic Committee,[42]who play at the Cicero Stadium. The Red Hots participated in the 2013 National Championship where they placed 4th in the nation.[43]

The city is also home to theChicago Patriots Gaelic Football Club.

College sports

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SevenNCAADivision Iathletic programs reside in theChicago metropolitan area.TheDePaul Blue Demons,Loyola Ramblers,Chicago State Cougars,andUIC Flames,none of which sponsor football,are all within the city limits. All play their main revenue sport of men's basketball in the city; only DePaul does not play on its campus, instead usingWintrust Arenaat theMcCormick Placeconvention center on the Near South Side.

TheNorthwestern Wildcats,Northern Illinois Huskies,andValparaiso Beaconsare all programs that play in the surrounding area. Northern Illinois is aDivision I Bowl Subdivisionschool along with Northwestern, which is the onlyPower Fourschool in the Chicago area. Although theIllinois Fighting Illiniare located two hours south in Champaign, they have the largest fan following in Chicago. The football program of Notre Dame, which is located in South Bend, Indiana, which is an hour and a half to the east, also has a huge following in the Chicago Area, especially in its southwest suburbs.

TheBig Ten Conferenceis headquartered in Rosemont after relocating from another suburb,Park Ridge,in 2013.[44]

Olympic bids

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After a months' long process that saw the elimination of several American and international cities, Chicago was selected on April 14, 2007, to represent the United States internationally in thebiddingfor the2016 Summer Olympics.[45]TheInternational Olympic Committeeeventually shortlisted four of the seven applicant cities, where Chicago remained, beforeRio de Janeirowas elected as the host in 2009.[46]Following Chicago's loss in the race for the 2016 Olympics, theUSOCbid for the2024 OlympicswithLos Angeleswhich result in a deal where Los Angeles secured the right to host the2028 Summer Olympics.Chicago had previously hosted the1959 Pan American Games.Chicago was selected to host the1904 Summer Olympics,but they were transferred toSt. Louisto coincide with theLouisiana Purchase Exposition.[47]

Motorsports

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A view of Chicagoland Speedway

The area is home to theChicagoland Speedway,which is based inJoliet.[48]As of 2019, the track hosted one race per NASCAR National Series, the (Camping World 400,Camping World 300,Camping World 225), and theDawn 150for theARCA Menards SeriesThe track formerly held thePeak Antifreeze Indy 300.[49]However, in 2020, NASCAR announced Chicagoland will not be on the2021season calendar, thanks in part to the track laying off workers during theCOVID-19 pandemic.It was leaked during May that the track may be transformed into an industrial park, but nothing is official.[50]

TheRoute 66 Racewayis also located in Joliet. The track hostsdrag racingevents.

Rivalries

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Detroit

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Main article:Bears–Lions rivalry
Main article:Bulls–Pistons rivalry
Main article:Blackhawks–Red Wings rivalry
Main article:Tigers–White Sox rivalry
Main article:George Jewett Trophy

Due to geographical proximity and a long history, Chicago and Detroit have developed a rivalry throughout the big 4 sports and even at the collegiate level.

Milwaukee/Wisconsin

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Main article:Bears–Packers rivalry
Main article:Brewers–Cubs rivalry

Chicago has also developed a rivalry with Milwaukee due to their metropolitan areas bordering each other. While the Packers currently play inGreen Bay,they spent several decades playing regular season games in Milwaukee and have a large fanbase there.

Minnesota

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Main article:Bears–Vikings rivalry
Main article:Twins–White Sox rivalry
Main article:Blackhawks–Wild rivalry

Chicago and Minnesota have also developed a rivalry, though it is much newer compared to Detroit and Milwaukee.

St. Louis

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Main article:Cardinals–Cubs rivalry
Main article:Blackhawks–Blues rivalry

Chicago and St. Louis have a rivalry that is primarily in baseball, though this has spread to other sports such as hockey and soccer.

New York City

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Main article:Bears–Giants rivalry
Main article:Bulls–Knicks rivalry

Chicago and New York City have a rivalry.

Former teams

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See also

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References

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  1. ^Bergen, Kathy; Washburn, Gary (May 11, 2006). "City out to prove Olympic mettle".Chicago Tribune.p. 1.
  2. ^"Sparta ABA Soccer Team, 1945".
  3. ^"National Soccer League (Chicago)".Archived fromthe originalon November 5, 2015.RetrievedOctober 14,2017.
  4. ^"St. Louis Soccer League (SLSL) - 1907-1939".Archived fromthe originalon August 8, 2015.RetrievedOctober 14,2017.
  5. ^"The Year in American Soccer - 1953".Archived fromthe originalon February 5, 2019.RetrievedOctober 14,2017.
  6. ^"The Chicago Sting looms lager, er, larger, by the week as - 06.23.80 - SI Vault".sportsillustrated.cnn.Archived fromthe originalon May 11, 2011.RetrievedJanuary 12,2022.
  7. ^"US Soccer, U.S. Men's National Team Head Coach Bob Bradley Named 2009 National Coach of the Year".Archived fromthe originalon July 2, 2010.
  8. ^"Chicago Fire Soccer Club Announces Ownership Change and Relocation"(Press release). Chicago Fire SC. September 13, 2019.RetrievedSeptember 13,2019.
  9. ^"Wrigleyville, a Chicago Neighborhood Visitor Guide from Chicago Traveler".chicagotraveler.Archived fromthe originalon October 16, 2007.
  10. ^Plunkett, Jack W. (June 28, 2006).Plunkett's Sports Industry Almanac 2007: Sports Industry Market Research, Statistics, Trends and Leading Companies.Plunkett Research, Ltd.ISBN978-1-59392-073-9.
  11. ^Baseball Reference - MLB Teams and Baseball Encyclopedia
  12. ^"Michael Jordan Elected to Basketball Hall of Fame".Chicagoist.Archived fromthe originalon November 8, 2017.RetrievedJanuary 23,2017.
  13. ^Patt, Jason."The OTHER members of the Bulls' dynasty".SBNation.RetrievedJanuary 23,2017.
  14. ^"Seven questions for Baby Bulls".ESPN. February 14, 1995.RetrievedApril 7,2024.
  15. ^"Chicago Bears Hall of Famers".
  16. ^"Super Bowl XX Game Recap".Nfl.January 27, 1986.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  17. ^"Super Bowl XLI Game Recap".Nfl.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  18. ^"Bears-Packers set to resume fierce rivalry".Chicagobears.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  19. ^Klonke, Chuck (November 13, 2011)."Lions, Bears rivalry runs deep".Detroitlions.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  20. ^Klein, Jeff Z. (June 9, 2010)."Blackhawks Win First Stanley Cup in 49 Years".The New York Times.
  21. ^"Hawks-Bruins is first Original Six Final since '79".blackhawks.nhl.June 9, 2013. Archived fromthe originalon March 4, 2016.
  22. ^"The origins of hate".August 15, 2012.Archivedfrom the original on December 2, 2016.
  23. ^"ArenaBowl XX - Arizona Sports Fans Network".Arizonasportsfans.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  24. ^"Chicago Bruisers Team History - 1988".ArenaFan.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  25. ^"AFL Box Score: ArenaBowl II - Detroit Drive @ Chicago Bruisers (Jul 30, 1988)".ArenaFan. July 30, 1988.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  26. ^"MAJOR LEAGUE RUGBY OFFICIALLY ANNOUNCES EXPANSION INTO CHICAGO".Major League Rugby.RetrievedDecember 8,2023.
  27. ^"Chicago Wins First Game in Franchise History".Chicago Hounds.RetrievedDecember 8,2023.
  28. ^"Loading".Americanrugbynews. Archived fromthe originalon July 30, 2010.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  29. ^"Ireland beats New Zealand 40-29 at Soldier Field; first win over All Blacks in 111 years".Chicago Tribune.November 5, 2016.RetrievedMay 22,2017.
  30. ^"WWE Corporate - WrestleMania 22 Arrives In Chicago...'BIG TIME'".Corporate.wwe. March 27, 2006.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  31. ^Hood, Jonathan (March 13, 2006)."Wrestlemania 22 comes to Chicago".ESPN.Archived fromthe originalon February 1, 2013.RetrievedDecember 12,2012.
  32. ^Gomez, Luis (July 15, 2011)."Cena savors Chicago-style hate".The Chicago Tribune.RetrievedDecember 12,2012.
  33. ^Drew, Ryan (April 30, 2012)."WWE Extreme Rules 2012 Hits and Misses; A Fan's Perspective".Yahoo! News.RetrievedDecember 12,2012.
  34. ^Lambert, Jeremy (August 20, 2021)."CM Punk Returns To Wrestling On 8/20 AEW Rampage The First Dance, Faces Darby Allin At AEW All Out".Fightful.RetrievedAugust 21,2021.
  35. ^Cook, Ryan (September 5, 2021)."All Elite Wrestling Presents All Out Results CM Punk Victorious, Bryan Danielson & Adam Cole Debut".Fightful.RetrievedOctober 12,2021.
  36. ^Meltzer, Dave(September 11, 2021)."September 13, 2021 Observer Newsletter: AEW All Out review, Gable Steveson signs with WWE".F4WOnline.Wrestling Observer Newsletter.RetrievedSeptember 11,2021.
  37. ^"Race to Mackinac FAQ".Chicago Yacht Club. 2011.RetrievedDecember 1,2013.
  38. ^"Member Leagues".WFTDA.RetrievedJuly 25,2013.
  39. ^"Current Rankings".WFTDA. November 30, 2014.RetrievedJanuary 19,2014.
  40. ^Velez, Aixa (November 4, 2010)."2010 National Roller Derby Championship This Weekend".Chicago Events.Huffington Post.RetrievedJanuary 19,2014.
  41. ^"Windy City Rollers Derby Team Headed To World Championships".CBS Chicago. October 10, 2011.RetrievedJanuary 19,2014.
  42. ^"Team USA - Roller Derby".US Olympic Committee (Team USA). Archived fromthe originalon April 24, 2012.RetrievedFebruary 1,2014.
  43. ^"2013 USARS Roller Derby National Championship Results".USA Roller Sports. November 1, 2013. Archived fromthe originalon April 24, 2012.
  44. ^"Big Ten to leave Park Ridge in 2013 - Morton Grove Champion".Mortongrove.suntimes.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  45. ^Levine, Jay (July 26, 2006)."Chicago In The Running To Host 2016 Summer Games".CBS.Archived fromthe originalon November 10, 2006.RetrievedDecember 1,2006.
  46. ^Smith, Aaron (October 2, 2009)."Chicago loses Olympic bid to Rio".CNN.RetrievedSeptember 25,2013.
  47. ^"St. Louis 1904 Summer Olympics".International Olympic Committee.RetrievedDecember 13,2013.
  48. ^"Chicagoland Speedway".Chicagoland Speedway.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  49. ^"IRL-PEAK Antifreeze and Motor Oil Indy 300 Results - Racing - ESPN".ESPN.August 28, 2010.RetrievedAugust 7,2012.
  50. ^"NASCAR Report on Instagram:" NEWS: NASCAR is planning to turn part of the Chicagoland Speedway into an industrial park. This move will not affect the track itself, as it will remain intact with the proposed deal. Even though the final plat encompasses about half of the track, warehouses planned for the site would not interfere. --- "I have attached the staff report which was presented to the Joliet Plan Commission at their meeting on April 16. The staff report provides some background. At the request of the applicant, the Plan Commission voted to table the subdivision request to their meeting on July 16. Under the proposal, 82.3 acres which is presently an accessory parking area would be sold to Hillwood Investment Properties for future warehouse development. Chicagoland Speedway LLC would own the remaining balance of racetrack property." --- 📸: NASCAR 📃: Kickin the Tires | Adam Stern --- #MonsterCupNews #NASCAR #Cars #RaceCar #Racing #NASCARReport "".
  51. ^"Chicago Bandits Disbanded | Journal & Topics Media Group".August 3, 2021.

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