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Tatsuzō Shimaoka

Tatsuzō Shimaoka(Đảo cương đạt tam,Shimaoka Tatsuzō,27 October 1919 – 11 December 2007)was a Japanesemingeipotter who studied underShōji Hamadaand later became the secondLiving National Treasureof Mashiko, Japan.[1]He was best known for his uniqueJōmon zoganstyle of pottery, and was a master of many slip decorating and firing techniques for pottery. Throughout his career, Shimaoka worked collaboratively with a group of workers, students, and apprentices from Japan and abroad. After supervising the loading of what would become his last noborigama firing in late 2007, Shimaoka collapsed, and died several weeks later in late 2007 fromacute liver failureatMashikoinTochigi Prefecture.

Early life

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Shimaoka was born near Ikebukuro inTokyo.At 19 he decided he wanted to become amingeipotter, after visiting theJapanese Folk Crafts Museum,which he found very inspiring.[2]At that time Shimaoka was attending theTokyo Institute of Technology,and after an accelerated war time graduation in 1942 he served as an officer in the Japanese army in Burma and spent some time as aprisoner of war.It wasn't until 1946 that he was able to start his pottery apprenticeship with Hamada.

Career

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In 1946 Shimaoka began his apprenticeship with the potterShōji Hamadain Mashiko, Japan. The formal apprenticeship ended in 1949. After working for three years at the Tochigi Prefecture Ceramic Research Center, in 1953 Shimaoka set up his own pottery next door to his former teacher Shoji. The following year he gave his first exhibition, it was held in Tokyo. 1963 saw the first of his yearly exhibitions in Tokyo'sMatsuya Ginza department store.He would later go on to also have yearly exhibitions atHankyu department storeinOsaka.[3]Shimaoka's first American exhibition was held inBostonin 1974, his first European exhibition was at theMuseum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg(Museum of Arts and Crafts) in 1977.

Over the years Shimaoka has frequently lectured and taught in the United States and Canada.[3]

His work can be found in many museums around the world, including theVictoria and Albert Museum,[4][5]theMetropolitan Museum of Art,[4]theMuseum of New Zealand,[6]theBritish Museum,[7]theASU Art Museum,[8]theMinneapolis Institute of Art,[9]theBrooklyn Museum,[10]theUniversity of Michigan Museum of Art,[11]theArtizon Museum,[12]theAsian Art Museum,[13]theJohn Young Museum of Art,[14]theRoyal Ontario Museum,[15]and theIsrael Museum.[4]

  • Press Molded Bottle by Tatsuzo Shimaoka.

Pottery style

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In 1996 Shimaoka was designated aLiving National Treasure(Ningen Kokuho) by the Japanese Government. This honor was bestowed upon him for his unique contribution to the art of pottery.

Shimaoka'sJōmon zoganpottery was inspired by two ancient processes. TheJōmonrope like process and theKoreanYi Dynastyprocess of adding whiteslipto decorative indentations.

Jōmoninvolves using silk and other dense ropes (often obihimo, or cord to wrap the obi for Japanese kimono) to make impressions in leather hard clay, whilezoganis a process whereby slip is applied and inlaid in multiple layers into the impressed pattern. The slipped pattern is then carved back to the clay, highlighting it and leaving patterns exposed.[1]Hamada Shoji is reputed to have brought the technique forsalt glazingto Japan after a visit to Europe in the early 1950s, and Shimaoka was also widely known for his salt glaze work. He designed one of the first noborigama kilns in Mashiko that had markedly different atmospheres in each chamber, and he was also a pioneer in importing clays from around Japan to Mashiko, such as clay from Shigaraki. His noborigama had separate chambers for ash covered ware, charcoal reduced ash covered ware, high temperature reduction feldspathic ash glazes, traditional Mashiko glazes such as seiji, nuka, kaki, and kuro, and a final chamber for salt glaze.

Honors

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Notes

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  1. ^abLondon, David G.Exhibition Review: "Shimaoka Tasuzo,"Japanese Pottery Information Centre. September 2001.
  2. ^Glenfiddich Farm Pottery/Japanese pottersciting Busch, Richard."Tatsuzo Shimaoka: A Japanese Living National Treasure talks about his life and work as one of his country's most celebrated potters,"Clay Times.November 2001.
  3. ^ab"Adhikara art gallery and museum".
  4. ^abc"Pucker Gallery website".
  5. ^Museum, Victoria and Albert."Dish | Shimaoka, Tatsuzo | V&A Explore The Collections".Victoria and Albert Museum: Explore the Collections.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  6. ^"Loading... | Collections Online - Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa".collections.tepapa.govt.nz.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  7. ^"bowl | British Museum".The British Museum.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  8. ^Shimaoka Tatsuzō; đảo cương đạt tam (2007) [1935],"Jōmon-Zogan Yunomi with Rope-imprint and Geometric Inlay Motif",Japanese National Living Treasure Collection,hdl:2286/R.I.50173,retrieved2021-03-02
  9. ^"Slip-inlaid rope-pattern bottle, Shimaoka Tatsuzō ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art".collections.artsmia.org.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  10. ^"Brooklyn Museum".brooklynmuseum.org.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  11. ^"Exchange: Oval Checkerboard Bowl".exchange.umma.umich.edu.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  12. ^"Collection Highlights".Artizon Museum.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  13. ^"Asian Art Museum Online Collection".searchcollection.asianart.org.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  14. ^"ABOUT THE COLLECTION – John Young Museum of Art: University of Hawaii at Manoa".Retrieved2021-03-02.
  15. ^"Pear-shaped bottle".collections.rom.on.ca.Retrieved2021-03-02.
  16. ^Whiting, David. "Obituary: Tatsuzo Shimaoka; Japanese potter steeped in folk traditions who became a cultural ambassador,"The Guardian(Manchester). January 17, 2008.

References

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