Wikipedia

Tessa Jowell

Tessa Jane Helen Douglas Jowell, Baroness Jowell,DBE,PC(néePalmer;18 September 1947 – 12 May 2018) was aBritish Labour Partypolitician andlife peerwho served as theMember of Parliament(MP) forDulwich and West Norwood,previouslyDulwich,from1992to2015.

The Right Honourable
The Baroness Jowell
DBEPC
Official portrait, 2007
Minister for the Cabinet Office
In office
5 June 2009 – 11 May 2010
Prime MinisterGordon Brown
Preceded byLiam Byrne
Succeeded byFrancis Maude
Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
In office
8 June 2001 – 27 June 2007
Prime MinisterTony Blair
Preceded byChris Smith
Succeeded byJames Purnell
Shadow portfolios
Shadow Minister for the Cabinet Office
In office
20 January 2011 – 7 October 2011
LeaderEd Miliband
Preceded byLiam Byrne
Succeeded byJon Trickett
In office
11 May 2010 – 8 October 2010
LeaderHarriet Harman(acting)
Preceded byFrancis Maude
Succeeded byLiam Byrne
Shadow Minister for London
In office
11 May 2010 – 16 January 2013
Leader
  • Harriet Harman (acting)
  • Ed Miliband
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded bySadiq Khan
Shadow Minister for the Olympics
In office
11 May 2010 – 11 September 2012
Leader
  • Harriet Harman (acting)
  • Ed Miliband
Preceded byJeremy Hunt
Succeeded byOffice abolished
Shadow Minister for Women
In office
19 October 1995 – 26 July 1996
LeaderTony Blair
Preceded byClare Short
Succeeded byJanet Anderson
Junior ministerial offices
Minister for London
In office
5 June 2009 – 11 May 2010
Prime MinisterGordon Brown
Preceded byTony McNulty
Succeeded byGavin Barwell(2016)
In office
28 June 2007 – 3 October 2008
Prime MinisterGordon Brown
Preceded byJim Fitzpatrick
Succeeded byTony McNulty
Paymaster General
In office
28 June 2007 – 11 May 2010
Prime MinisterGordon Brown
Preceded byDawn Primarolo
Succeeded byFrancis Maude
Minister for the Olympics
In office
6 July 2005 – 11 May 2010
Prime Minister
  • Tony Blair
  • Gordon Brown
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byJeremy Hunt
Minister for Women
In office
5 May 2005 – 5 May 2006
Prime MinisterTony Blair
Preceded byPatricia Hewitt
Succeeded byRuth Kelly
Parliamentary offices
Members of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal
Life peerage
27 October 2015 – 12 May 2018
Member of Parliament
forDulwich and West Norwood
Dulwich(1992–1997)
In office
9 April 1992 – 30 March 2015
Preceded byGerald Bowden
Succeeded byHelen Hayes
Personal details
Born
Tessa Jane Helen Douglas Palmer

(1947-09-18)18 September 1947
Marylebone,London, England
Died12 May 2018(2018-05-12)(aged 70)
Darlingscott,Warwickshire, England
Political partyLabour
Spouses
  • ​
    ​
    (m.1970;div.1977)​
  • ​
    (m.1979)​
Children2, includingJess Mills
RelativesElla Woodward(daughter-in-law)
Alma mater
Signature

Jowell held a number of major government ministerial positions, as well as opposition appointments, during this period. She served asSecretary of State for Culture, Media and Sportfrom 2001 to 2007 andMinister for the Cabinet Officefrom 2009 to 2010. A member of both theBlairandBrownCabinets, she was alsoMinister for the Olympics(2005–10) andShadow Minister for the OlympicsandShadow Minister for Londonuntil September 2012, resigning after the London Olympic Games.

APrivy Counsellorfrom 1998,[1]she was appointed Dame Commander of theOrder of the British Empire(DBE) in 2012.[2]She stood down from theHouse of Commonsat the2015 general election.

She was nominated for alife peeragein the2015 Dissolution Honoursand was raised to the peerage as Baroness Jowell, ofBrixtonin the London Borough ofLambeth,on 27 October 2015. In September 2015, she was unsuccessful in seeking to be selected as the Labour Party's official candidate in the2016 London mayoral election,coming second toSadiq Khanin the contest of six candidates.

Early life

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Tessa Jane Helen Douglas Palmer was born atMiddlesex Hospital[3][4]inMarylebone,London, to Kenneth Nelson Veysey Palmer,[5]a physician, and his wife, Rosemary (née Douglas),[6][7]aradiographer.[8]

She was educated at the independentSt Margaret's School for Girlsin Aberdeen, theUniversity of Aberdeen(where she studied arts, psychology and sociology) and theUniversity of Edinburgh(where she studied for anMAin Social Administration). She became a social worker, initially working in theCraigmillararea of Edinburgh and as a childcare officer inLambeth,before training atGoldsmiths Collegeas a psychiatric social worker. She subsequently worked at theMaudsley Hospital,and later became assistant director of the mental health charityMind.[4]

During this time, Jowell took her first steps into electoral politics, being elected to representSwiss CottageonCamden London Borough Councilin the early 1970s, and becoming Chair of the Camden Borough Council's Social Services Committee at the age of 25.[4]In 1978, she was the Labour Party candidate ina by-electioninIlford Northbut lost Labour's majority to theConservatives.She stood again in Ilford North at the1979 general election,also unsuccessfully.[9]

Member of Parliament

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Elected as MP forDulwichat the1992 general election,[10]Jowell was successively appointed as an Opposition Spokesperson on Health, an OppositionWhipand Spokesperson on Women,[11][12]before returning to the Shadow Health team in 1996.[13]following boundary changes, she was the MP forDulwich and West Norwoodfrom 1997.

In government

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Jowell was appointed asMinister of Statein theDepartment of Healthfollowing the1997 Labour electoral landslide.[14]As the first Minister for Public Health she championed cross-sectoral action to improve health and reduce inequalities, initially set out in hergreen paper"Our Healthier Nation".[15]She moved, again as Minister of State, to theDepartment for Education and Employmentin 1999.[16]

Jowell in 2000

She was appointedSecretary of Stateat theDepartment for Culture, Media and Sportfollowing the2001 election,replacing the sackedChris Smith.[17]One of her main concerns asCulture Secretarywas television broadcasting. She blocked theBBC's plans for the digital channelBBC Three,on the grounds that they were insufficiently different from commercial offerings, and imposed extra conditions[18]onBBC News 24after it was criticized on the same grounds by the Lambert Report.[19]She was responsible for theCommunications Act 2003which established a new media regulator,Ofcom.[20][21]It also relaxed regulations on ownership of British television stations, though, following a rebellion in theHouse of Lords,a 'public interest' test was introduced as a compromise.[22]

In July 2003, she launched an overhaul of theNational Lottery.[23]She dealt with complaints that the lottery had been directed to fund programmes that should have been covered by mainstream taxation. In 2001Arts Council Englandannounced changes to how funding would be distributed and she supported this.[24]She oversaw the restructuring of the Arts funding system but lost out in the 2004/5 spending round, when there was a cut in her departmental budget.[25]In 2004 a tax loophole was closed around film production in Britain.[26]

In 2004, Jowell faced resistance to proposals for a series of so-called "super casinos", to be sanctioned as part of theGambling Act 2005which liberalised Britain'sgaming laws.Although some argued thatproblem gamblinghad ruined the lives of many ordinary people,[27]in the run up to the Bill, Jowell dismissed much of the criticism as being elitist, commenting that "opponents of the Government's gambling reforms aresnobswho want to deny ordinary people the right to bet ". Former Labour Welfare MinisterFrank Fieldsaid her comments were crass, declaring, "I think this wholeNew Labourline that you insult people rather than engage in argument is deeply disturbing ".[28]

In March 2005, Jowell announced a new governance system for the BBC: the BBC Trust, to replace the long-established Board of Governors.[29]The trust was introduced in 2007 but in 2012 was shown to be 'not fit for purpose', leading to the resignation of the Director General.[30][31]

InGordon Brown'sreshufflein June 2007, following his succession as Labour leader andPrime Minister,Jowell was demoted from her position asSecretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.She retained her Olympics portfolio, however, and was also appointedPaymaster GeneralandMinister for London,being allowed to attend Cabinet, although not as a full member.[32]She was further demoted on 3 October 2008, losing her Minister for London role toTony McNulty,and being allowed to attend cabinet only when her area of responsibility was on the agenda.[33]In his 2009 reshuffle, Brown reappointed her to the Cabinet asMinister for the Cabinet Office.[34]

In the 2012 Birthday Honours, Jowell was appointedDame Commander of the Order of the British Empire(DBE) for "political and charitable services", in particular for her contribution to delivering the London 2012 Olympics.[35][36]

Political positions

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Jowell was a zealous supporter of the then Prime MinisterTony Blair,reportedly saying on one occasion that she would "jump under a bus" for him.[37][38]She was very supportive ofNew Labourand was fully loyal to its agenda, earning herself a strong reputation as aBlairite.In 2007, she supportedHazel Blearsfor the deputy leadership of the Labour Party.[39]In 2009, she was mentioned as a possible Cabinet minister who might resign over the leadership ofGordon Brownin order to trigger a leadership contest – a suggestion which proved unfounded. In opposition, Jowell supportedDavid Miliband's campaign to become Leader of the Labour Party,[40]but served inEd Miliband's Shadow Cabinet when he became Leader of HM Opposition.[41]In 2010 she briefly appeared as a landmark onGoogle Maps,as a result of a prank.[42]

She was involved in theBlue Labourmovement in theLabour Party,and was a contributor toThe Purple Book,drawing on her background on the Right of the Labour Party.[43]Jowell set up theSure Startprogramme, Jowell said, "I am very proud of setting up Sure Start [the national nurture and childcare programme], because the first three years of a child's life are absolutely critical in determining the chances they have subsequently."[44]

London 2012 Olympics

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Jowell was in charge of London's successful bid to host the2012 Olympics.She came up with the idea in 2002, during her time as Culture Secretary, when she said there was very little support from within the Cabinet, with many colleagues thinking that Paris' bid would win. Jowell convinced the Government to support the bid, however, and went ahead with it.[45][46]In 2004, she launched the bid and, when the Games were awarded to London, she was appointed Olympics Minister (in addition to her responsibilities as Culture Secretary), and held full ministerial responsibility for the bid from 2006. Despite being moved from the Department for Culture, Media and Sport in 2007, she retained her position as Olympics Minister throughout Labour's time in office.[32][47]

Following the general election of May 2010, at which Labour lost power, she became Shadow Olympics Minister. She remained on the 2012 Olympics Organising Committee, withLord CoeandJeremy Hunt.She was appointedDeputy mayorof theOlympic Village,[48]being responsible for making the Olympics take place. She resigned her role as Shadow Minister for the Olympics in September 2012, and returned to theHouse of Commonsbackbenches.[49]

After the House of Commons

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In November 2013, Jowell announced that she would not contest thenext general election.[50]

In May 2015, she launched her campaign to be selected as the Labour Party's official candidate in the2016 London mayoral election.[51]Six candidates stood for selection and in September the process concluded with her coming second toSadiq Khan.[52]

She was nominated forlife peeragein the2015 Dissolution Honoursby the Labour leader.[53]She was raised to the peerage asBaroness Jowell,ofBrixtonin theLondon Borough of Lambeth,on 27 October 2015.[54]

In January 2018, Jowell got a standing ovation in the House of Lords for a speech. She began by speaking of how she came to be diagnosed with an extremely lethal form ofbrain cancercalledglioblastoma multiforme.She went on to advocate making more cancer treatments available in theNHS.She said, "In the end, what gives a life meaning is not only how it is lived, but how it draws to a close. I hope that this debate will give hope to other cancer patients, like me, so that we can live well together with cancer, not just dying of it. All of us, for longer."[55]

Controversies

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Jowell, Mills and Berlusconi

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Main article:David Mills financial allegations

Jowell's husbandDavid Millswas an international corporate lawyer who has acted forSilvio Berlusconi,then theItalian Prime Minister.Mills was investigated in Italy formoney launderingand allegedtax fraud.[56][57]

Jowell was investigated by theCabinet SecretaryGus O'Donnellover the allegations surrounding her husband, because of a possible conflict of interest between her personal life and ministerial duties. O'Donnell stated that, "it is the Prime Minister, not me, who, constitutionally, is the right and proper person to take a view on matters arising based on theMinisterial Code"in his letter,[58]andTony Blairdecided that she was "not in breach" of the ministers' code of conduct.[59]On 4 March 2006, it was announced that Jowell and Mills had separated, after the allegations had begun to damage her political standing. Jowell said "although we are separated I have never doubted his innocence".[60]Scepticism that Jowell was unaware of the details of her husband's dealings with Berlusconi led to aPrivate Eyefront cover of her with a speech bubble saying: "I have never met my husband".[61]Mills allegedly admitted to being "an idiot", and has expressed his remorse about the impact of his dealings upon his wife. The separation had effectively ended by September 2012.[62]

On 17 February 2009, an Italian court sentenced Mills to four years and six months in jail after finding him guilty of accepting a bribe from Berlusconi to give false evidence on his behalf during corruption trials which had taken place in 1997 and 1998. His defence counsel said that the sentence went "against the logic and dynamic of the evidence presented". The judgment was appealed by Mills. On 27 October 2009, the Italian Appeal Court upheld his conviction and prison sentence. Mills confirmed that he would initiate a second and final appeal to the Cassation Court.[63]On 25 February 2010, the Italian Cassation Court (the second and lastcourt of appealunder Italian law) dissolved the case because of thestatute of limitations.[64][65]For this type of crime, in Italian law, a case expires after 10 years. Mills argued that he received the money in 1999, and not 2000 as Prosecutors had previously argued, thus taking advantage of the statute of limitations.[66]

Other controversies

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In 2001, Jowell was widely criticised for 'interfering' inIndependent Television Commission(ITC) rulings on complaints regardingBrass Eye.The Guardiannewspaper suggested that "for the Culture Secretary to speak directly to the head of a TV network about a specific programme smacks of the Soviet commissar and the state broadcaster".[67][68][69]The ITC reminded Jowell that she should not be interfering in their processes, resulting in a Channel Four interviewer suggesting Jowell and her colleagues "must feel like idiots".[70]

In 2006, Jowell was criticised[71]for projected cost over-runs on the London2012 Summer Olympicsproject, which came under the supervision of her former department.[72]

She was among a number of ministers accused of hypocrisy[73]for opposing post office closures in their own constituencies while supporting the government's closure strategy at the national level.[74]

Jowell was Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport during theNews of the Worldnewspaper phone-hacking scandal(pre-2007).[75]In January 2007,Clive Goodman,theNews of the World's'royal editor', was jailed for four months, andGlenn Mulcaire,a private investigator employed by theNews of the World,was jailed for six months.[76]

In May 2014 a temporary personal assistant toRichard Scudamore,chief executive of England'sPremier League,read private emails between Scudamore and colleagues and friends. These included comments about women's football, which the assistant felt to be inappropriate. She passed them on to a national newspaper, theDaily Mirror.Jowell defended the reading and passing-on of the emails, declaring that, "in the world of social media and email, there is no public and private".[77]

Leadership fellow

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Jowell served as a Richard L. and Ronay A. Menschel Senior Leadership Fellow atHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Healthin 2016. In this role, she taught a course in the Department of Health Policy and Management called, "Health Policy and Leadership: Why do we know so much and do so little?"[78]Jowell also actively served on the Advisory Board of the Ministerial Leadership in Health Program, a joint initiative of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and theJohn F. Kennedy School of Government.[79]

Personal life

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Jowell's first marriage was to fellowCamden CouncillorRoger Jowellin 1970; this was dissolved in 1976, but she continued to use his surname.[80]

She marriedDavid Millson 17 March 1979. They separated in March 2006, following the controversy over Mills's links to Silvio Berlusconi.[81]Jowell said onRadio 4'sWoman's Hourprogramme in September 2012 that she was seeing Mills regularly, saying that they had "reached a state of stability which I never thought possible".[62]She had a son and daughter, as well as three stepchildren (including journalistEleanor Mills) from her husband's first marriage.[citation needed]In April 2016, her son Matthew Mills married food writerElla Woodward,who is also his business partner.[82][83]Her daughterJess Millsis a singer.[84]

In January 2011, during theNews of the Worldphone hacking affair,it was revealed that Jowell had contacted lawyers as she attempted to find out who hacked into her voicemails on 28 separate occasions during 2006. Jowell contacted police in late January 2011 to inform them that there had recently been an unsuccessful attempt to listen to voicemail messages on her phone.[85]

Illness and death

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On 17 September 2017, her family made public the news that she had been suffering from a brain tumour since May of that year. On her Twitter account, she stated "Thank you for so much love and support on my birthday. More people living longer better lives with cancer is my birthday pledge".[86]Jowell wanted more treatment for cancer patients, knowledge about cancer treatment shared more effectively, speedier diagnosis, greater access to experimental treatments, and improved survival rates.[87]After Jowell's death, Downing Street announced that in tribute to her, brain cancer government funding would be doubled and the so-called "gold standard dye" tumour diagnosis tests would be extended to all NHS hospitals.[88]In 2020 the Tessa Jowell Brain Cancer Mission (TJBCM) was created in her honour.[89][90]

On 11 May 2018, Jowell suffered a brain haemorrhage and fell into a coma at her home inDarlingscott,nearShipston-on-Stour,Warwickshire; she died the following day at the age of 70.[91][92]

Honours

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Order of the British Empire (Civil) Ribbon
Coronet of a British Baron

References

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Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Member of Parliament
forDulwich
1992–1997 		Constituency abolished
New constituency Member of Parliament
forDulwich and West Norwood
1997–2015 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Shadow Minister for Women
1995–1996 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
2001–2007 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for Women
2005–2006 		Succeeded by
New office Minister for the Olympics
2005–2010 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for London
2007–2008 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Paymaster General
2007–2010 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for the Cabinet Office
2009–2010
Preceded by Minister for London
2009–2010 		Vacant
Title next held by
Gavin Barwell
Preceded by Shadow Minister for the Cabinet Office
2010 		Succeeded by
New office Shadow Minister for the Olympics
2010–2012 		Position abolished
Shadow Minister for London
2010–2013 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Shadow Minister for the Cabinet Office
2011 		Succeeded by
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