Wikipedia

Universal Monsters

TheUniversal Monsters(also known asUniversal Classic MonstersandUniversal Studios Monsters)media franchiseincludes characters based on a series ofhorror filmsproduced byUniversal Picturesand released between 1913–1956.

Universal Classic Monsters
Official franchise logo
Original workDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde(1913)
OwnerUniversal Pictures
Years1913–present
Print publications
Novel(s)See details
ComicsSee details
Films and television
Film(s)See details
Short film(s)See details
Television seriesSee details
Miscellaneous
Theme park attraction(s)See details

While the early installments were initially created as stand-alone films based on published novels, their financial and critical success resulted in various cross-over releases. Following the positive response to various viewings of these movies via television redistribution which began airing in the 1950s, the studio began developing the characters for other media. In the 1990s, it became priority for Universal to promote their catalogue with official packaging that presented the movies with the official franchise title. Through a number ofVHSeditions, their popularity continued into contemporary entertainment. This included additional development through modern-filmmaking adaptations such asStephen Sommers'The Mummy(1999) andVan Helsing(2004).

Modern analyses describes the titular characters as "pop cultureicons ".[1]

History

Universal's early horror films were adaptations of work from familiar authors and texts to give their films a prestige appeal. These includedDracula(1931), whose success led to the production of other works such asFrankenstein(1931).[2][3]Frankenstein's ending was changed by studio headCarl Laemmle Jr.,who wanted Universal to be able deploy key characters from the film into subsequent Universal productions.[3]Following the release of other Universal films such asThe Mummy(1932),The Invisible Man(1933) andBride of Frankenstein(1935), there was a dry spell of horror films.[4][5][6][7]Universal only returned to the style following a successful theatrical re-release ofDraculaandFrankenstein.The renewed interest in horror films led to new works, starting withSon of Frankenstein(1939).[4][5][6]

Universal would only introduce a few new monsters in the 1940s, with the most famous beingLon Chaney Jr.asThe Wolf ManinThe Wolf Man(1941).[8]The decade had Universal's horror output include many remakes and sequels, with films often directly reusing old sets, footage, and narratives to replicate moments in their earlier horror productions.[9]

Universal's first transmedia properties appeared in the 1940s and the 1950s with the filmsFrankenstein Meets the Wolf Man(1943),House of Frankenstein(1944),House of Dracula(1945) andAbbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein(1948).[10]In these films, the monsters from the studio's earlier films "team up" against various characters. Author Megan De Bruin-Molé suggested that the Universal Classic Monsters films exist as a loosemash-up,which allowed forDraculato exist and be watched separately fromFrankensteinbut allowed their characters to be systemically and consistently brought together and developed in other films and media.[11]These productions made were often crossovers and sequels, such asFrankenstein Meets the Wolf Man,House of Frankenstein,House of Draculaand several occurrences in comedy films ofAbbott and Costellomeeting the monsters. These meetings started withAbbott and Costello Meet Frankensteinand ended withAbbott and Costello Meet the Mummy(1955).[11][12]De Bruin-Molé wrote that this approach from Universal was for commercial marketing terms, as it would establish the company as the "real" home of horror. Their films contained a world where potentially all monsters may dwell.[13]The sole new monster films that Universal produced in the 1950s were theCreature from the Black Lagoon(1954) andThe Mummy(1959). The latter was co-produced with the BritishHammer Film Productions.[14]

Towards the 1960s, the Universal monsters grew beyond film and became more consistentlytransmedial.Initially, this began in 1957 when Universal struck a ten-year television deal withScreen Gemsto distribute 52 of their own titles.[14]These television screenings and the films being included on Mel Jass'Mel's Matinee Movie(1958-1979) would also prove to be popular.Stephen Sommers,director ofThe Mummy(1999), stated that his introduction to the series was on Jass's program.[15]Universal became part of theMusic Corporation of America(MCA) in 1962. By 1964, Universal Studios tours would eventually include appearances from Frankenstein's monster.[16]Several products based on the characters from Universal's film series were released, ranging fromplastic model kits,Halloween masks, figures, plush dolls, toys, drinking glasses, coloring books and postage stamps. While some of these objects bear similarity to the actors who portray them, others are more generic interpretations.[17]Other mediums featured the Universal monsters in tandem, such asBobby "Boris" Pickett's 1962 popular song "Monster Mash"and the television seriesThe Munsters(1964) which was based on the likeness of the Universal characters.[16]

In 1990, Universal was part of a merger between Matsushita, now known asPanasonic,and several other corporations. Between 1991 and 1994, Universal releasedVHShome video editions from their catalogue of horror films. This was the first time these films were packed together as the "Classic Monster" line, accompanied with a newly designed logo.[16]Prior to this home video series, the Universal films that featured multiple monsters were called "Super-Shocker[s]" or "monster rallies".[18]Louis Feol, the head of Worldwide Home Video forUniversal Studios,said that the most important thing was the packaging of their sales. He added that it was "probably our single biggest priority and has been for a number of years", and that it was key to make the series of films "look like a line".[19][20]In a 1999 interview, Feol stated that creating the series was to "reinvigorate and re-market" the Universal catalog, specifically with their series ofDracula,Frankenstein,The Invisible Man,The Phantom of the Opera,The Wolf Man,andThe Mummy.[20]

The 1990s also saw a trend in the merchandising of Universal Monsters material as part of a trend for the decade of recycling and reinventing old material from the past.[16]This led to the release of Stephen Sommer'sThe Mummy(1999) and a "monster rally" -styled film withVan Helsing(2004).[21]Merchandizing of the characters in formats such as clothing and board games has continued into the 21st century.[22][23]The franchise will be featured in the Dark Universe portion of Universal's upcoming Orlando theme park,Universal Epic Universe.[24]

Films

Classic era (1913–1956)

Film U.S. release date Director Screenwriter(s) Story by Producer(s) Ref(s)
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde March 6, 1913(1913-03-06)[failed verification] Herbert Brenon[failed verification] Carl Laemmle[25][26][27] [28][better source needed][29][30][31]
The Hunchback of Notre Dame September 2, 1923(1923-09-02) Wallace Worsley Edward T. Lowe, Jr.&Perley Poore Sheehan [32][33][34][35][36]
The Phantom of the Opera September 6, 1925(1925-09-06) Rupert Julian Walter Anthony,Elliott J. Clawson,Bernard McConville,Frank M. McCormack,Tom Reed,Raymond L. Schrock,Jasper Spearing &Richard Wallace [32][37][38][34][39][40]
Dracula February 14, 1931(1931-02-14) Tod Browning Garrett Fort Tod Browning andCarl Laemmle, Jr. [32][41][42][better source needed][43][44]
Drácula April 24, 1931(1931-04-24) George Melford Baltasar Fernández Cué and Garrett Fort Garrett Fort Carl Laemmle Jr. andPaul Kohner [42][32]
Frankenstein November 21, 1931(1931-11-21) James Whale Francis Edward Faragoh& Garrett Fort John L. Balderston Carl Laemmle Jr. [32][41][42][45][46]
The Mummy December 22, 1932(1932-12-22) Karl Freund John L. Balderston Nina Wilcox Putnam&Richard Schayer [47][41][42][48][49]
The Invisible Man November 13, 1933(1933-11-13) James Whale R. C. Sherriff [47][41][42][50][51]
Bride of Frankenstein April 22, 1935(1935-04-22) William Hurlbut William Hurlbut & John L. Balderston [32][41][42][52][53]
Werewolf of London May 13, 1935(1935-05-13) Stuart Walker John Colton,Robert Harris,Harvey Gates,Edmund Pearson,James Mulhauser &Aben Kandel Robert Harris Stanley Bergerman [47][41][42][54][55]
Dracula's Daughter May 11, 1936(1936-05-11) Lambert Hillyer Garrett Fort Oliver Jeffries E. M. Asher [47][41][42][56][57]
Son of Frankenstein January 13, 1939(1939-01-13) Rowland V. Lee Wyllis Cooper Rowland V. Lee [41][42][58][59]
The Invisible Man Returns January 12, 1940(1940-01-12) Joe May Curt Siodmak& Lester K. Cole Curt Siodmak & Joe May Ken Goldsmith [47][41][42][60][61]
The Mummy's Hand September 20, 1940(1940-09-20) Christy Cabanne Griffin Jay andMaxwell Shane Ben Pivar [47][41][42][62][63]
The Invisible Woman December 27, 1940(1940-12-27) A. Edward Sutherland Robert Lees,Frederic I. Rinaldo &Gertrude Purcell Curt Siodmak & Joe May Burt Kelly [47][41][42][64][65]
The Wolf Man December 12, 1941(1941-12-12) George Waggner Curt Siodmak George Waggner [32][41][42][66][67]
The Ghost of Frankenstein March 6, 1942(1942-03-06) Erle C. Kenton W. Scott Darling Eric Taylor [41][42][68][69]
Invisible Agent July 31, 1942(1942-07-31) Edwin L. Marin Curt Siodmak Frank Lloyd [47][41][42][70][71]
The Mummy's Tomb October 23, 1942(1942-10-23) Harold Young Griffin Jay & Henry Sucher Neil P. Varnick Ben Pivar [47][41][42][72][73]
Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man March 5, 1943(1943-03-05) Roy William Neill Curt Siodmak George Waggner [41][42][74][75]
Phantom of the Opera August 12, 1943(1943-08-12) Arthur Lubin Samuel Hoffenstein& Eric Taylor John Jacoby [32][41][42][76][77]
Son of Dracula November 5, 1943(1943-11-05) Robert Siodmak Eric Taylor Curt Siodmak Ford Beebeand Donald H. Brown [47][41][42][78][79]
The Invisible Man's Revenge June 9, 1944(1944-06-09) Ford Beebe Bertram Millhauser Ford Beebe [47][41][42][80][81]
The Mummy's Ghost June 30, 1944(1944-06-30) Reginald LeBorg Griffin Jay, Henry Sucher &Brenda Weisberg Griffin Jay & Henry Sucher Ben Pivar [47][41][42][82][83]
House of Frankenstein December 15, 1944(1944-12-15) Erle C. Kenton Edward T. Lowe Curt Siodmak Paul Malvern [41][42][84][85]
The Mummy's Curse December 22, 1944(1944-12-22) Leslie Goodwins Bernard Schubert Leon Abrams & Dwight V. Babcock Oliver Drake [47][41][42][86]
House of Dracula December 7, 1945(1945-12-07) Erle C. Kenton Edward T. Lowe Dwight V. Babcock & George Bricker Paul Malvern [41][42][87][88]
She-Wolf of London April 5, 1946(1946-04-05) Jean Yarbrough George Bricker Dwight V. Babcock Ben Pivar [47][41][42][89][90]
Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein June 15, 1948(1948-06-15) Charles T. Barton Robert Lees, Frederic I. Rinaldo &John Grant Robert Arthur [41][42][91][92]
Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man April 3, 1951(1951-04-03) Charles Lamont Robert Lees, Frederic I. Rinaldo & John Grant Hugh Wedlock Jr.&Howard Snyder Howard Christie [41][42][93][94]
Abbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde August 12, 1953(1953-08-12) Lee Loeb& John Grant Sidney Fields& Grant Garrett [30][95][96]
Creature from the Black Lagoon February 12, 1954(1954-02-12) Jack Arnold Harry Essex&Arthur Ross Maurice Zimm William Alland [32][41][42]
Revenge of the Creature March 29, 1955(1955-03-29) Martin Berkeley William Alland [32][41][42][97][98]
Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy June 23, 1955(1955-06-23) Charles Lamont John Grant Lee Loeb Howard Christie [47][41][42][99][100]
The Creature Walks Among Us April 26, 1956(1956-04-26) John Sherwood Arthur Ross William Alland [32][41][42][101][102]

Remakes and spin-off (1979–2010)

Film U.S. release date Director Screenwriter(s) Story by Producers Ref(s)
Dracula July 13, 1979(1979-07-13) John Badham W. D. Richter Marvin MirischandWalter Mirisch [103][104]
The Mummy May 7, 1999(1999-05-07) Stephen Sommers Stephen Sommers and Lloyd Fonvielle &Kevin Jarre Sean DanielandJames Jacks [105][106]
The Mummy Returns May 4, 2001(2001-05-04) Stephen Sommers [106][107]
The Scorpion King April 19, 2002(2002-04-19) Chuck Russell William Osborne&David Hayterand Stephen Sommers Stephen Sommers &Jonathan Hales Sean Daniel, James Jacks,Kevin Misherand Stephen Sommers [107][108]
Van Helsing May 7, 2004(2004-05-07) Stephen Sommers Stephen Sommers andBob Ducsay [109][110]
The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor August 1, 2008(2008-08-01) Rob Cohen Alfred Gough&Miles Millar Sean Daniel, James Jacks, Stephen Sommers and Bob Ducsay [106][108]
The Wolfman February 12, 2010(2010-02-12) Joe Johnston Andrew Kevin Walker&David Self Sean Daniel,Scott Stuber,Benicio del Toroand Rick Yorn [111][112]

Modern era

Beginning in October 2013, Universal hiredRoberto OrciandAlex Kurtzmanto collaborate in developing a relaunch of the Universal Monsters characters as a newshared universeof films similar in fashion to theMarvel Cinematic Universe,notably a franchise which includes interconnectivity that originated previously in the classic Universal Monsters films.[113][114][better source needed]By July 2014, the studio officially hired Chris Morgan to replace Orci and work alongside Kurtzman in overseeing development of an interconnected series of films based around rebooted versions of the Universal Monster characters. The duo was tasked with creating the overall outline for the titular monsters.[115]The development of a cinematic universe continued as Kurtzman and Morgan became involved with additional photography forDracula Untold(2014); reshoots positioned the final scenes of the film in modern-day, in order to connect with other films and to allow the cast to reprise their roles in future installments.[116]The film's connections to the new franchise were later downplayed following its mixed critical and financial reception,[117][better source needed][118]withThe Mummy(2017) repositioned as the official start of the shared film universe.[119]In May 2017, the slate of reimagined incarnations of titular monsters was officially titledDark Universe.The studio announced the franchise with a press release, that debuted the official logo, website,trailer,andscorethat would be prominantly used in the films.[120]Universal Pictures, in collaboration with Kurtzman and Morgan, created a writer's room consisting of various contributors to create the stories that would later be expanded into scripts,[121]which were intended to be rooted inhorroras opposed to theaction adventurenature of the studio's previous remakes.[122][better source needed][123][better source needed]The Mummyintroduced its ancient titular monster (played bySofia Boutella), alongside the heroic character portrayed byTom Cruisewhose adventures as a monster were intended to expanded upon in later installments.[124][125]Prior to the film's release, additional cast officially joined the franchise as announced by Universal Pictures.[126][better source needed][127]The studio announced aslate of films,[128][129]but following the poor critical reception and underwhelming box office performance ofThe Mummy(2017), Universal postponed all plans for theDark Universeslate of films.[130]

In January 2018, the production studio began reconfiguring their approach to the Universal Monsters,[131][132]and following the departures of Kurtzman and Morgan from their roles as co-architects of the franchise,[130]the studio decided to abandon a shared cinematic universe in favor of returning to standalone adaptations of the characters instead.[133][134]After previously expressing interest in working with Universal Pictures on relaunching the characters for modern audiences,[135][136][137]Jason Blum officially signed on to collaborate on a number of the projects in development. The producer later stated in 2020 that control of theDark Universeand the Universal Monsters remains under the direction of Universal Pictures.[138]

Film U.S. release date Director(s) Screenwriter(s) Story by Producer(s) Ref(s)
Dracula Untold October 10, 2014(2014-10-10) Gary Shore Matt Sazama & Burk Sharpless Michael De Luca [139]
The Mummy June 9, 2017(2017-06-09) Alex Kurtzman David KoeppandChristopher McQuarrie
andDylan Kussman 		Jon Spaihtsand Alex Kurtzman &Jenny Lumet Alex Kurtzman,Chris Morgan,Sean Daniel and Sarah Bradshaw [140]
The Invisible Man February 28, 2020(2020-02-28) Leigh Whannell Jason Blumand Kylie du Fresne [141]
Renfield April 14, 2023(2023-04-14) Chris McKay Ryan Ridley Robert Kirkman Chris McKay, Samantha Nisenboim, Bryan Furst, Sean Furst, Robert Kirkman and David Alpert [142]
The Last Voyage of the Demeter August 11, 2023(2023-08-11) André Øvredal Bragi Schut Jr. & Zak Olkewicz Bragi Schut Jr. Bradley J. Fischer,Mike Medavoyand Arnold W. Messer [143]
Abigail April 19, 2024(2024-04-19) Matt Bettinelli-Olpin&Tyler Gillett Stephen Shields &Guy Busick William Sherak,James Vanderbilt,Paul Neinstein,Tripp VinsonandChad Villella [144][145][146]
Nosferatu December 25, 2024(2024-12-25) Robert Eggers Jeff Robinov, John Graham,Chris Columbus,Eleanor Columbus and Robert Eggers [147]
Wolf Man January 17, 2025(2025-01-17) Leigh Whannell Leigh Whannell & Corbett Tuck and Lauren Schuker Blum & Rebecca Angelo Jason Blum [148]

Potential projects

  • Dark Army:By September 2019, the film featuring monsters from the original films as well as new characters was in development.Paul Feigwas attached as director, from a script of his own, and as co-producer with Laura Fischer. The project is a joint production between Universal Pictures and Feigco Productions.[149]By October, Universal was reviewing his script as a reworking of theDark Universe concept,whileThe Bride of Frankensteinis cited as a major influence.[150]By February 2020, Feig was working on a second draft of the script upon receiving input from Universal Pictures.[151]By that May, the filmmaker completed the newest draft while describing the tone as closer to the original films with horror elements, but a portrayal of the monsters as rejects.[152]Feig had been given the option to develop films of any characters from the roster of monsters owned by Universal Pictures, prior to his chosen project.[153][154]
  • Frankenstein:Originally announced in June 2017, the project was initially planned as a part of theabandoned shared universemovies withJavier Bardemcast to portray the titular character, and following the studio's standalone approachJames Wansigned on as producer November 2019.[155]Jason Blum expressed interest in joining the production in a producing role.[156]Robbie Thompson was hired as screenwriter in 2020, while the plot is said to center around a group of teenagers who discover that a neighbor is creating a monster in their basement. The project is a joint production between Universal Pictures andAtomic Monster.[157]
  • The Invisible Woman:In November 2019, a reboot ofThe Invisible Womanwas revealed to be in development.Elizabeth Bankswas attached to star in, and direct the film, from a script written byErin Cressida Wilsonwhich was based on an original story written by Banks, who would also serve as a producer withMax Handelman.[158]Banks was given options to develop a movie from any characters in the roster of monsters owned by Universal Pictures, while she chose the Invisible Woman.[153][154]
  • Monster Mash:In February 2020 amusicaltitled after and centered around thenovelty song"Monster Mash",was revealed to be in development.Grammy Awardnominee Matt Stawski was hired as a director, with Will Widger as screenwriter, from an original story written by Stawski; while Marty Bowen was put as producer. The project is a joint-venture production between Universal Pictures andTemple Hill Entertainment.[159]
  • UntitledDraculafilm:In February 2021,Chloé Zhaowas hired to write and direct a separate futuristic sci-fi Western film centered around Dracula.[160]The filmmaker stated that she was continuing to work on the script in March of 2023.[161]
  • Little Monsters:In July 2020,Josh Cooleywas hired as both writer and director, with a story centering around the characters from the Universal Monsters, inspired and based on drawings of the monster characters made by Crash McCreery who will be given an executive producer credit. The project is intended to serve as a "love letter to classic Hollywood and the history of film-making with a story that takes a multi-generational approach to the monsters and a more PG-rated, lighthearted family-friendly tone in the tradition of the classic '80s Spielberg films fromAmblin Entertainmentto match as well ". The film is said to be a live-action/CGI hybrid, withTodd LiebermanandDavid Hobermanare attached as producers. The project is a joint production between Universal Pictures andMandeville Films.[162]
  • UntitledInvisible Mansequel:In February 2020, Leigh Whannell stated that thoughThe Invisible Man(2020) was developed as a standalone film, he may consider making a follow-up movie.[163]By May sequel discussions were ongoing,[164]and by that July, Leigh Whannell was working on writing the story.[162]In April 2024, Moss stated that she was working in collaboration with Blumhouse through her production company Love & Squalor Pictures, to develop a sequel; while stating that the project was closer to realization than it had ever been before.[165][166]By January 2025 however, Whannell stated that he had decided he would not be involved with a sequel, while expressing being content with the first movie's story.[167]
  • Bride of Frankenstein:Initially planned as a part of theabandoned shared universemovies,[168]the studio continued development after shelving all projects associated with the Dark Universe.[128]In February 2020, Universal hiredAmy Pascalas producer on a new standalone adaptation of the character where the producer discussed rehiring David Koepp who had worked on the previous drafts of the script. After initially discussing the project withSam Raimiwho passed on the opportunity, Pascal began working on the movie withJohn Krasinski.The project is intended to be a joint-venture production between Universal Pictures,Pascal Pictures,andSunday Night Productions.[169]
  • UntitledScorpion Kingreboot:In November 2020, a reboot ofThe Scorpion Kingfilm serieswas announced as being in development.Jonathan Hermanwas hired as screenwriter, with the plot taking place during modern-day and involving a contemporary adaptation ofMathayus of Akkad / Scorpion King.Dwayne Johnson,who started his acting career as the titular role inThe Mummy Returns,will act as a producer alongside Dany Garcia and Hiram Garcia. The project is a joint-venture production between Universal Pictures andSeven Bucks Productions.[170]
  • Untitled film:An untitled project was announced in November 2020, withChanning Tatumtentatively attached to star. Wes Tooke was hired as a screenwriter, from a story written byReid Carolin,whilePhil Lord and Christopher Millerwill serve as producers alongside Tatum, Carolin, Peter Kiernan, and Aditya Sood. The plot is described as "a modern-day, tongue-in-cheek thriller", while being "a bold genre reinvention of one of the studio's most beloved characters from the Monsters Universe". The project is a joint-venture production between Universal Pictures, Lord Miller Productions, Free Association Productions.[171]
  • Van Helsing:Originally announced in 2015, the project was originally planned as a part of theabandoned shared universemovies,[172]though the project had re-entered development in December 2020.Julius Averywill direct, from a script based on a previous draft byEric Pearson.James Wan will produce, with the project intended to be a joint-production between Universal Pictures andAtomic Monster.[173]
  • Phantom:After previously attempting an adaptation that was planned as a part of theabandoned shared universemovies, Universal purchased aspeculative screenplayin December 2021, written byJohn Fuscowhich will function as a modern-day reboot ofThe Phantom of the Opera.The writer authored the script while working on his own record albums while in self-isolation during theCOVID-19 pandemic.Fusco determined to write a script that would be amusical,and be set in theFrench Quarter, Vieux Carréarea of New Orleans in the United States. Incorporating aspects ofrhythm and blues,jazz,neo-soul,andfunk,the story is said to utilize French Creole nightlife culture of the geographical area, includingvoodooandMardi Gras,as well as theromanceandmysteryaspects of the original movie.Harvey Mason Jr.,John Legend,andMike Jacksonsigned onto the project as producers, with the project being a joint-venture production between Universal Pictures, Harvey Mason Media, and Get Lifted Film Co. in a collaborative effort.[174]
  • The Creature from the Black Lagoon:Universal attempted various incarnations of producing a remake centered around the titularGill-manthroughout a number of decades (beginning as early as 1982), with various filmmakers attached at different times including:John Landis,[175]John Carpenter,[176]Peter Jackson,[177]Ivan Reitman,[178]Guillermo del Toro,[179]andBreck Eisner,[180].Some time in 2004,James Gunnpitched an adaptation of the character but the studio passed on adapting the script;[181]while del Toro's later repurposed his material for anotherunrelated project.[182]Beginning in June 2017, the project was planned as a part of theabandoned shared universemovies.[128][129]In August 2024, the studio announced that the modern-day adaption was once again in development and described the movie as "grounded" and "modernized". James Wan will serve as producer in addition to being in early discussions to serve as director.[183]By September, Sean Tretta was hired to write the script, which is based on an original story co-authored by Wan, Rafael Jordan, and Bryan Coyne. The project is a joint-venture production between Universal Pictures, and the newly-merged Atomic Monster and Blumhouse Productions.[184]

Cancelled and repurposed projects

  • Dark Universe:In development as early as October 2013, the series of films was intended to relaunch the Universal Monsters characters, through a format similar to theMarvel Cinematic UniverseandDC Extended Universe.[113][114][185][better source needed]The projects were officially announced in July 2014, as Universal hired Chris Morgan and Alex Kurtzman to oversee the development of the rebooted modern-day versions of the Universal Monsters,[115]with the duo's first involvements beginning with additional photography scenes filmed forDracula Untold(2014) which positioned the characters of the film in modern-day.[116]After the film underperformed its connections to the Dark Universe were downplayed,[118]withThe Mummy(2017) repositioned as the official start of the new film series.[119]In May 2017, the slate of reimagined incarnations of titular monsters was officially titled, by the studio through a press conference including official logo, website, trailer video, andscoredtheme music composed byDanny Elfman.[120]Universal Pictures worked in collaboration with Kurtzman and Morgan, to create a writer's room of various contributors to create the stories which would later be expanded into scripts,[121]where the films were intended to havehorroras their primary genre, as opposed to theaction adventurenature of the studio's previous remakes.[122][123]The Mummyintroduced its ancient titular monster (played bySofia Boutella), alongside the heroic character-turned monster portrayed byTom Cruisewho's monstrous origins depicted in the film were intended to be expanded upon in later installments.[124]Prior to the film's release, Universal Pictures announced the additional main cast of additional characters for the intended series alongside Cruise, includingRussell Croweas Dr. Henry Jekyll / Mr. Edward Hyde,Johnny Deppas Dr. Griffin / the Invisible Man, andJavier Bardemas the Frankenstein Monster.[126]Following poor critical reception, and an underwhelming box office performance ofThe Mummy(2017), Universal postponed all plans for theDark Universeslate of films.[186]In January 2018, the production studio began reconfiguring their approach to the Universal Monsters,[131][132]and following the departures of Kurtzman and Morgan from their roles as co-architects of the franchise,[186]the studio abandoned the planned shared cinematic universe in favor of individualizedstandalone adaptationsof the monsters.[133][134]The studio had revealed an official slate of films including:[128][129]
  • Untitled Dracula/Mina Harker film:By March 2020,Karyn Kusamawas hired to direct a film centered aroundDracula,from a script co-written byMatt ManfrediandPhil Hay.The project was to be a joint-venture production, with Blumhouse Productions serving as the production studio.[204][205]In June of the same year, Kusama stated that the movie would be a "faithful adaptation" ofBram Stoker'sDracula,including the plot device of being told from various perspectives.[206]The film was to be set in modern times and follow the characterMina Harker;however, the film was canceled in April 2022, just three weeks before it was to start filming.[207]

Main cast and characters

This table includes the Universal Monster characters and their respective actors for each movie in the franchise. Additional characters include recurring primary characters of the Universal Studios Monsters franchise.

Character Classic era Remakes & spin-offs Modern era
1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s
Dr. Henry Jekyll
Mr. Edward Hyde[28][29][30] 		King Baggot[a] Boris Karloff
& Eddie Parker[b] 		Stephen Fisher
&Robbie Coltrane[c] 		Russell Crowe[d]
Quasimodo
The Hunchback of Notre Dame[32] 		Lon Chaney[e]
The Phantom of the Opera[32] Lon Chaney[f] Claude Rains[g]
Count Dracula[32] Bela Lugosi[h]
Carlos Villar[i] 		John Carradine[j]
Bela Lugosi[k] 		Frank Langella[l]
Richard Roxburgh[m] 		Luke Evans[n]
Nicolas Cage[o]
Javier Botet[p]
Matthew Goode[q]
Brides of Dracula[208] Geraldine Dvorak,
Cornelia Thaw,
&Dorothy Tree[r]
Uncredited actresses[s] 		Silvia Colloca,
Elena Anaya,
&Josie Maran[t]
Robert Montague "R. M." Renfield[209] Dwight Frye[u]
Pablo Álvarez Rubio[v] 		Tony Haygarth[w] Nicholas Hoult[x]
Prof. Van Helsing Edward Van Sloan[y]
Eduardo Arozamena[z] 		Laurence Olivier[aa]
Hugh Jackman[ab]
Frankenstein's Monster[32] Boris Karloff[ac] Lon Chaney Jr.[ad]
Bela Lugosi[ae]
Glenn Strange[af] 		Shuler Hensley[ag]
Dr. Heinrich "Henry" von Frankenstein Colin Clive[ah] Cedric Hardwicke[ai] Samuel West[aj]
Imhotep
The Mummy[47] 		Boris Karloff[ak] Arnold Vosloo[al] Sofia Boutella[am]
Dr. Jack Griffin
The Invisible Man[47] 		Claude Rains[an] Referenced Oliver Jackson-Cohen[ao]
Bride of Frankenstein[32] Elsa Lanchester[ap]
Dr. Wilfred Glenn
Werewolf of London[47] 		Henry Hull[aq]
Countess Marya Zaleska
Dracula's Daughter[47] 		Gloria Holden[ar] Alisha Weir[as]
Ygor Bela Lugosi[at] Kevin J. O'Connor[au]
Geoffrey Radcliffe
The Invisible Man[47] 		Vincent Price[av]
Kharis
The Mummy[47] 		Tom Tyler[aw]
Lon Chaney Jr.[ax]
Kitty Carol
The Invisible Woman[47] 		Virginia Bruce[ay]
Lawrence "Larry" Talbot
The Wolf Man[32] 		Lon Chaney Jr.[az] Will Kemp[ba]
Benicio del Toro[bb] 		Christopher Abbott[bc]
Frank "Raymond" Griffin
The Invisible Man[47] 		Jon Hall[bd]
Count Alucard
Son of Dracula[47] 		Lon Chaney Jr.[be]
Robert Griffin
The Invisible Man[47] 		Jon Hall[bf]
Phyllis Allenby
She-Wolf of London[47] 		June Lockhart[bg]
Tommy Nelson
The Invisible Man[47] 		Arthur Franz[bh]
Gill-Man
The Creature[32] 		Ben Chapman[bi]
Ricou Browning[bj]
Tom Hennesy[bk]
Don Megowan[bl]
Klaris
The Mummy[47] 		Eddie Parker[bm]
Mathayus of Akkad
The Scorpion King[108] 		Dwayne Johnson[bn]
Michael Copon[bo]
Victor Webster[bp]
Zach McGowan[bq]
Han the Dragon Emperor
The Mummy[210] 		Jet Li[br]

Television

Series Season(s) Episode(s) Originally released Creator(s) Executive producer Status
First released Last released Network
Monster Force 1 13 April 9, 1994(1994-04-09) July 16, 1994(1994-07-16) Syndication Marv Wolfman Sheldon S. Wiseman Ended
The Mummy: The Animated Series 2 26 September 29, 2001(2001-09-29) June 7, 2003(2003-06-07) Kids' WB Stephen Sommersand Thomas Pugsley & Greg Klein Stephen Sommers Ended
Monster Force(1994)

Created by comic book author and artistMarv Wolfman,in collaboration withUniversal Cartoon Studios,the show was developed to reintroduce the Universal Monsters to child audiences. The plot centers around a group of college-age students and their professor Dr. Reed Crawley to form a squad call the Monster Force, who through the use of some supernatural skills and technological weaponry must combat Dracula and his army called the Creatures of the Night. The series aired through broadcast syndication from April to July 1994. With mild viewership, the show was canceled after its first season.[211][better source needed][212]

The Mummy: The Animated Series(2001–2003)

Created byStephen Sommersin collaboration with Thomas Pugsley and Greg Klein, the show is an animated adaptation ofthe film serieswhich had starredBrendan Fraser.The television show centers aroundImhotep / The Mummy,while following the adventures ofRick O'Connelland his family. Featuring the voices ofJim Cummings,John Schneider,Chris Marquette,Grey DeLisle,and an ensemble of supporting cast, the show was marketed towards younger audiences through Universal Cartoon Studios. Airing onThe WBthrough theKids' WB!programming block from September 2001 to June 2003, the show received critical acclaim while some critics called the release superior to the feature-length sequels to the live-action1999 film.[211][better source needed][213][214]

Direct-to-video films

Following the financial successes ofThe Mummy Returns(2001) and its prequelThe Scorpion King(2002), aseriesofScorpion Kingmovies were produced and distributedstraight-to-home videothroughUniversal Pictures Home Entertainment.

Film U.S. release date Director Screenwriter(s) Story by Producer(s) Ref(s)
The Scorpion King 2: Rise of a Warrior August 19, 2008(2008-08-19) Russell Mulcahy Randall McCormick Sean Daniel and James Jacks
The Scorpion King 3: Battle for Redemption January 10, 2012(2012-01-10) Roel Reiné Brendan Cowles & Shane Kuhn Randall McCormick Leslie Belzberg
The Scorpion King 4: Quest for Power January 6, 2015(2015-01-06) Mike Elliott Michael D. Weiss Mike Elliott andOgden Gavanski
The Scorpion King: Book of Souls October 23, 2018(2018-10-23) Don Michael Paul David Alton Hedges & Frank DeJohn Mike Elliott

Short films

Film U.S. release date Director(s) Screenwriter(s) Producer
Abbott and Costello Meet the Creature from the Black Lagoon February 21, 1954(1954-02-21) Sid Smith & Edward Sobol John Grant and Hugh Wedlock & Howard Snyder Edward Sobol
Van Helsing: The London Assignment May 11, 2004(2004-05-11) Sharon Bridgeman Garfield Reeves-Stevens & Judith Reeves-Stevens John Kafka
Abbott and Costello Meet the Creature from the Black Lagoon(1954)

Developed in collaboration withColgate-Palmolive-Peet,the short was released duringThe Colgate Comedy Houras a live-television comedy sketch created to introduce audiences toThe Creature from the Black Lagoon.Continuing the trend with previous installments whereBud Abbott and Lou Costellomeet the Universal Monsters, the short follows a plot where the two actors explore the studio's prop room which references some of their previous interactions with the various characters, while encountering the Invisible Man, Frankenstein's Monster (Glenn Strange), andthe Gill-Man(Ben Chapman).[215][216][217]

Van Helsing: The London Assignment(2004)

Developed as ananime-styled prologue to the 2004feature-length film,the short was directed by Sharon Bridgeman from a script written by Garfield and Judith Reeves-Stevens. The plot takes place chronologically immediately before the live-action film and follows Gabriel Van Helsing's investigation in the grisly murders plaguing Victorian era London, and his discovery of a monstrous killer namedMr. Hyde.Marketed as the prequel to the theatrical release, it was produced for thestraight-to-home videomarket by Universal and was received with mixed reception.[218][219][220]

Other media

Home video collections

The franchise has received a variety of home video packing boxsets including:The Classic Collection(1991-1994), theClassic Monster Collection(1999),The Legacy Collection(2004), theEssential Collection(2012), and theComplete Collection(2018).

Universal Monsters films
Year Title The Classic Collection
(1991–94) 		Classic Monster Collection
(1999) 		The Legacy Collection
(2004) 		Essential Collection
(2012) 		Complete Collection
(2018) 		Ref(s)
1931 Dracula Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [221][222][223][224][225][226]
Dracula(Spanish) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [221][222][223][224][225][227]
Frankenstein Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [228][229][230][224][225][231]
1932 Murders in the Rue Morgue Yes No No No No [232][233]
The Mummy Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [234][235][236][224][225][4]
Island of Lost Souls[bs] Yes No No No No [238][239]
1933 The Invisible Man Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [240][241][242][224][225][243]
1934 The Black Cat Yes No No No No [244][243]
1935 The Bride of Frankenstein Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [245][246][230][224][225][5]
Werewolf of London Yes No Yes No Yes [247][248][225][249]
The Raven Yes No No No No [250][251]
1936 Dracula's Daughter Yes No Yes No Yes [252][223][225][253]
1939 Son of Frankenstein Yes No Yes No Yes [254][230][225][255]
Tower of London Yes No No No No [256][257]
1940 The Invisible Man Returns Yes No Yes No Yes [258][242][225][259]
The Mummy's Hand Yes No Yes No Yes [260][236][225][261]
The Invisible Woman Yes No Yes No Yes [262][242][225][263]
1941 The Monster and the Girl[bs] Yes No No No No [264][265]
Man-Made Monster Yes No No No No [266][267]
The Wolf Man Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [268][269][248][224][225][270]
1942 The Ghost of Frankenstein Yes No Yes No Yes [271][230][225][272]
Invisible Agent Yes No Yes No Yes [273][242][225][274]
The Mummy's Tomb Yes No Yes No Yes [275][236][225][276]
1943 Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man Yes No Yes No Yes [277][248][225][278]
Captive Wild Woman Yes No No No No [279][280]
Phantom of the Opera Yes Yes No Yes Yes [281][282][224][225][283]
Son of Dracula Yes No Yes No Yes [284][223][225][285]
The Mad Ghoul Yes No No No No [286][287]
1944 The Invisible Man's Revenge Yes No Yes No Yes [288][242][225][289]
The Mummy's Ghost Yes No Yes No Yes [290][236][225][291]
House of Frankenstein Yes No Yes No Yes [292][230][225][293]
The Mummy's Curse Yes No Yes No Yes [294][236][225][295]
1945 House of Dracula Yes No Yes No Yes [296][223][225][297]
1946 House of Horrors Yes No No No No [298][299]
She-Wolf of London No No Yes No Yes [248][225][300]
1948 Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein No No No No Yes [225][301]
1951 Abbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man No No No No Yes [225][302]
1954 Creature from the Black Lagoon Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [303][304][305][224][225][306]
1955 Revenge of the Creature Yes No Yes No Yes [307][305][225][308]
Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy No No No No Yes [225][309]
1956 The Creature Walks Among Us Yes No Yes No Yes [310][305][225][311]

Literature

Universal Pictures collaborated with a number of publishing companies to produce a variety mediums of literature, featuring the Universal Monsters characters; including novels, young adult fiction, graphic novels, comic books, and limited series.

Novels

Universal Monsters novels
Title Author Publication date Publisher Notes Ref(s)
Return of the Wolfman Jeff Rovin October 1, 1998(1998-10-01) Berkley Boulevard Books — [312][313]
Universal Monsters - Dracula: Return of Evil Larry Mike Garmon January 1, 2001(2001-01-01) Scholastic, Incorporated Part of Larry Mike Garmon'sUniversal Monstersseries [314][315]
Universal Monsters - The Wolf Man: Blood Moon Rising [316][317]
Universal Monsters - Frankenstein: Anatomy of Terror [318][319]
Universal Monsters - Creature from the Black Lagoon: Blackwater Horror January 1, 2002(2002-01-01) [320][321]
Universal Monsters - The Mummy: Book of the Dead February 1, 2002(2002-02-01) [322][323]
Universal Monsters - Bride of Frankenstein: Vow of Vengeance September 1, 2002(2002-09-01) [324][325]
Dracula: Asylum Paul Witcover February 22, 2006(2006-02-22) Dark Horse Comics — [326][327]
Frankenstein: The Shadow of Frankenstein Stefan Petrucha August 15, 2006(2006-08-15) — [328][329]
Creature from the Black Lagoon: Time's Black Lagoon Paul Di Filippo September 19, 2006(2006-09-19) — [330][331]
The Wolf Man: Hunter's Moon Michael Jan Friedman October 16, 2007(2007-10-16) — [332][333]
The Mummy: Dark Resurrection Michael Paine November 13, 2007(2007-11-13) — [334][335]
The Bride of Frankenstein: Pandora's Bride Elizabeth Hand December 25, 2007(2007-12-25) — [336][337]

Comics

Dark Horse Comics (1993–2006)

Dark Horse Comicsseries
Title Publication date Writer Pencilller Inker Colorist Letterer Editor Designer
Universal Monsters: Frankenstein[338] May 1, 1993 Denis Beauvais Dan Thorsland Scott Tice
Universal Monsters: Creature from the Black Lagoon[339] August 1, 1993 Steve Moncuse Arthur Adams Terry Austin Matt Hollingsworth Lois Buhalis
Universal Monsters: Dracula[340] October 1, 1993 Dan Vado Jonathan D. Smith Clem Robins
Universal Monsters: The Mummy[341] November 1, 1993 Dan Jolley Tony Harris Matt Hollingsworth Lois Buhalis
Universal Monsters: Cavalcade of Horror[342] January 11, 2006

Skybound Entertainment (2023–present)

Skybound Entertainmentseries
Title Writer Pencilller Inker Colorist Letterer Editor Designer Premiere date Finale date
Universal Monsters: Dracula[343][344] James Tynion IV Martin Simmonds Rus Wooton Alex Antone Jillian Crab October 25, 2023 January 24, 2024
Universal Monsters:
Creature from the Black Lagoon Lives![345] 		Ram V.

Dan Watters

Matthew Roberts Dave Stewart(1-2),Trish Mulvihill(3-4) D. C. Hopkins April 24, 2024 July 24, 2024
Universal Monsters: Frankenstein[346] Michael Walsh Toni-Marie Griffin Becca Carey August 28, 2024 November 27, 2024
Universal Monsters: The Mummy[347] Faith Erin Hicks Lee Loughridge Hassan Otsmane-Elhaou March 26, 2025 TBA

Theme park attractions

  • Universal's Halloween Horror Nights:Since 1991 atUniversal Parks & Resortshave featured characters from the Universal Classic Monsters franchise. From 2006 to 2014, the characters also appeared in the year-round walk-through attraction,Universal's House of Horrors,atUniversal Studios Hollywood.The franchise is also the central theme ofUniversal's Horror Make-Up Show.The live show opened in 1990 atUniversal Studios Floridaand is still in operation.[348]
  • Revenge of the Mummy: The Ride:Opening in 2004 at Universal Studios Florida and Universal Studios Hollywood, the roller coaster withdark rideelements is based on the first twoMummyfilms of the remake era.[349]
  • Universal Epic Universe:In June 2024, it was revealed that Universal would be repurposing the concept and title of cancelled shared universe of films throughUniversal Destinations & Experiences's planned expansion of theOrlandopark location. As a part of the expansion, a portion of the park namedUniversal Epic Universewill be developed to incorporate and center around the Universal Monsters, and will be titledDark Universe.Thematically inspired by each of its films, the park is intended to serve as a modern day follow-up to the original films, where attendees can explore a town named Darkmoor Village. There they discover that the great-great-granddaughter ofHenry Frankensteinnamed Victoria, has continued followed in the mad scientist footsteps of her family and has begun creating monsters of her own. Visitors attending the park will see the events of a plot unfold, where her latest experiment which was intended to bring all of the Universal Monsters under her control backfires as a result of Dracula's revolt. The Dark Universe will include attractions, locales from the films, a number of rides, and a combination ofactors,animatronics,special effects,and cutting-edge technology that was developed for the park. The Dark Universe portion of the Universal Epic Universe park will open on May 22, 2025.[350][351]The location will include Dracula, Frankenstein's Monster, Wolf Man, Bride of Frankenstein, Creature from the Black Lagoon, The Mummy, Invisible Man, and various others from the studio's films.[352]
  • Universal Horror Unleashed:In 2025, a haunted house attraction will feature characters from the Universal Classic Monsters franchise.[353]

Influence on unrelated media

The Universal Monsters have been attributed with directly influencing the horror genre and its filmmakers in the decades that followed,[354]as well as also retroactively adding additional depth to the source material for the characters.[355][356]The popularity of the franchise inspired decades of horror films that followed,[357]including leading to various unrelated media based on the characters and adapting in a variety of means.[358]

Notes

  1. ^Baggot portrayed the character in the silent film,Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde(1913).
  2. ^Karloff portrayed Jekyll, while Parker portrayed Hyde inAbbott and Costello Meet Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde(1953).
  3. ^Fisher portrayed Jekyll, while Coltrane voiced aCGI-created Hyde inVan Helsing(2004).
  4. ^Crowe portrayed the character inThe Mummy(2017).
  5. ^Chaney portrayed the character in the silent film,The Hunchback of Notre Dame(1923).
  6. ^Chaney portrayed the character in the silent film,The Phantom of the Opera(1925) where the character is named Erik.
  7. ^Rains portrayed the character in the remake,Phantom of the Opera(1943) where the character is named Erique Claudin.
  8. ^Lugosi portrayed the character inDracula(1931).
  9. ^Villar portrayed the character in the Spanish-language version of the film,Drácula(1931) where the character is named Conde Drácula.[47]
  10. ^Carradine portrayed the character inHouse of Frankenstein(1944), andHouse of Dracula(1945).
  11. ^Lugosi reprised the role inAbbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein(1948).
  12. ^Langella portrayed the character in the remake of the 1931 original,Dracula(1979 film).
  13. ^Roxburgh portrayed the character inVan Helsing(2004), where the character is named Count Vladislaus Dracula.
  14. ^Evans portrayed the character inDracula Untold(2014), where the character is depicted as the historical figureVlad III "the Impaler" Draculain an origin story.
  15. ^Cage portrayed the character inRenfield(2023).
  16. ^Botet portrayed the character inThe Last Voyage of the Demeter(2023).
  17. ^Goode portrayed the character inAbigail(2024), where the character has the alias of Kristof Lazaar.
  18. ^The actresses (Dvorak, Thaw, and Tree) portrayed the characters inDracula(1931).
  19. ^A trio of uncredited actresses portrayed the characters in the Spanish-language version of the filmDrácula(1931).
  20. ^The actresses (Anaya, Colloca, and Maran) portrayed the characters inVan Helsing(2004), where the characters are named Verona, Aleera, and Marishka, respectively.
  21. ^Frye portrayed the character inDracula(1931).
  22. ^Rubio portrayed the character in the Spanish-language version of the film,Drácula(1931).
  23. ^Haygarth portrayed the character inDracula(1979), where the character is named Milo Renfield.
  24. ^Hoult portrayed the character inRenfield(2023).
  25. ^Van Sloan portrayed the character inDracula(1931), andDracula's Daughter(1936).
  26. ^Arozamena portrayed the character in Spanish-language version of the film,Drácula(1931).
  27. ^Olivier portrayed the character inDracula(1979).
  28. ^Jackman portrayed the character inVan Helsing(2004), where the character is named Gabriel Van Helsing.
  29. ^Karloff portrayed the character inFrankenstein(1931),The Bride of Frankenstein(1935), andSon of Frankenstein(1939).
  30. ^Chaney Jr. portrayed the character inThe Ghost of Frankenstein(1942).
  31. ^Lugosi portrayed the character inFrankenstein Meets the Wolf Man(1943).
  32. ^Strange portrayed the character inHouse of Frankenstein(1944),House of Dracula(1945), andAbbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein(1948).
  33. ^Hensley portrayed the character inVan Helsing(2004).
  34. ^Clive portrayed the character inFrankenstein(1931), andThe Bride of Frankenstein(1935), while the actor's likeness was used for reference on the oil painting familial portrait inSon of Frankenstein(1939).
  35. ^Hardwicke portrays theghostlyapparition of the character during ahallucinationsequence inThe Ghost of Frankenstein(1942).
  36. ^West portrayed the character inVan Helsing(2004).
  37. ^Karloff portrayed the character inThe Mummy(1932).
  38. ^Vosloo portrayed the character inThe Mummy(1999), andThe Mummy Returns(2001).
  39. ^Boutella portrayed the character inThe Mummy(2017), where the character is named Ahmanet.
  40. ^Rains portrayed the character inThe Invisible Man(1933).
  41. ^Jackson-Cohen portrayed the character inThe Invisible Man(2020), where the character is named Adrian Griffin.
  42. ^Lanchester portrayed the character inThe Bride of Frankenstein(1935).
  43. ^Hull portrayed the character inWerewolf of London(1935).
  44. ^Holden portrayed the character inDracula's Daughter(1936).
  45. ^Weir portrayed the character inAbigail(2024), where the character has the alias of Abigail Lazaar.
  46. ^Lugosi portrayed the character inSon of Frankenstein(1939), andThe Ghost of Frankenstein(1942).
  47. ^O'Connor portrayed the character inVan Helsing(2004).
  48. ^Price portrayed the character inThe Invisible Man Returns(1940); he later reprised the role inAbbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein(1948).
  49. ^Tyler portrayed the character inThe Mummy's Hand(1940).
  50. ^Chaney Jr. portrayed the character inThe Mummy's Tomb(1942),The Mummy's Ghost(1944), andThe Mummy's Curse(1944).
  51. ^Bruce portrayed the character inThe Invisible Woman(1940).
  52. ^Chaney Jr. portrayed the character inThe Wolf Man(1941),Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man(1943),House of Frankenstein(1944),House of Dracula(1945), andAbbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein(1948).
  53. ^Kemp portrayed the character inVan Helsing(2004), where the character is named Velkan Valerious.
  54. ^del Toro portrayed the character inThe Wolfman(2010).
  55. ^Abbott will portray the character inWolf Man(2025).
  56. ^Hall portrayed the character inInvisible Agent(1942).
  57. ^Chaney Jr. portrayed the character inSon of Dracula(1943).
  58. ^Hall played another character inThe Invisible Man's Revenge(1944).
  59. ^Lockhart portrayed the character inShe-Wolf of London(1946).
  60. ^Franz portrayed the character inAbbott and Costello Meet the Invisible Man(1951).
  61. ^Chapman portrayed the character inCreature from the Black Lagoon(1954), while Browning served as underwater stunt double.
  62. ^Browning served as the underwater performer for the Creature inCreature from the Black Lagoon(1954),Revenge of the Creature(1955), andThe Creature Walks Among Us(1956).
  63. ^Hennesy portrayed the character inRevenge of the Creature(1955), while Browning once again served as the underwater stunt double.
  64. ^Megowan portrayed the character inThe Creature Walks Among Us(1956), while Browning again served as the underwater stunt double.
  65. ^Parker portrayed the character inAbbott and Costello Meet the Mummy(1955).
  66. ^Johnson portrayed the character inThe Mummy Returns(2001), andThe Scorpion King(2002).
  67. ^Copon portrayed the character inThe Scorpion King 2: Rise of a Warrior(2008), while Pierre Marais featured as the character at a younger age.
  68. ^Webster portrayed the character inThe Scorpion King 3: Battle for Redemption(2012), andThe Scorpion King 4: Quest for Power(2015).
  69. ^McGowan portrayed the character inThe Scorpion King: Book of Souls(2018).
  70. ^Li portrayed the character inThe Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor(2008).
  71. ^abAlthough originally produced and released byParamount Pictures,MCA Inc.obtained the rights to the film in 1958 and acquired Universal in 1962 and branded it with Universal Studios Monsters in its 1991 home video release.[237]
  72. ^Brian Hull voiced the character inHotel Transylvania: Transformania.
  73. ^Brad Abrell voiced the character inHotel Transylvania: Transformania.
  74. ^Green portrayed the character inHotel Transylvaniaonly.

References

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  17. ^Rue Morgue 2015,p. 110.
  18. ^De Bruin-Molé 2022,p. 4.
  19. ^McCullaugh 1992,p. 63.
  20. ^abBessman 1999.
  21. ^De Bruin-Molé 2022,pp. 15–16.
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  24. ^Stella, Alicia (26 December 2022)."Everything We Know About Epic Universe - Universal Monsters".Theme Park Stop.
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  28. ^abcdefghijFink, Richard & Amanda Minchin (February 1, 2024)."Dark Universe: All the Canceled Films Planned".MovieWeb.RetrievedAugust 14,2024.Dr. Henry Jekyll of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is considered perhaps one of the first Universal Movie Monsters (though that title technically goes to his alter ego, Edward Hyde) in 1913. At the time, Universal was known as The Universal Film Manufacturing Company, Incorporated, a name that would soon be shortened to the one moviegoers know and love today.
  29. ^abMelzer, James (October 22, 2024)."Wolf Man Director Reveals the Universal Monster He'd Love to Update Next".MovieWeb.RetrievedDecember 18,2024.Whannell wasn't shy about expressing his desire to tackle Robert Louis Stevenson's 1886 novel, which was brought to life by Universal in 1913, and starred King Baggot as the titular doctor with a penchant for self-experimentation.
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Additional sources

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