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University of Lyon

TheUniversity of Lyon(French:Université de Lyon[ynivɛʁsitedəljɔ̃],or UdL) is auniversity system(ComUE) based inLyon,France.It comprises 12 members and 9 associated institutions. The 3 main constituent universities in this center are:Claude Bernard University Lyon 1,which focuses upon health and science studies and has approximately 47,000 students;Lumière University Lyon 2,which focuses upon thesocial sciencesand arts, and has about 30,000 students;Jean Moulin University Lyon 3,which focuses upon thelawandhumanitieswith about 20,000 students.[1]

University of Lyon
Université de Lyon


Motto
Scienta et Labore
TypePublic
Established
  • 1896;128 years ago(1896)(as a university)
  • 1995;29 years ago(1995)(as a university hub)
  • 2007;17 years ago(2007)(as auniversity system)
Endowment€4,000,000 over two years
PresidentPr. Nathalie Dompnier
Academic staff
5,000
Administrative staff
11,500
Students145,000
5,000
Address
92, rue Pasteur 69361
,
Lyon
,
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
,
France

45°44′53″N4°51′08″E/ 45.748151°N 4.852352°E/45.748151; 4.852352
CampusMultiple campuses
ColorsBlue and Black
Websiteuniversite-lyon.fr

FollowingParisandToulouse,Lyon stands as France's third-largest university hub. Hosting 129,000 students, 11,500 educators and researchers, along with 510 private and public laboratories, it encompasses the city's three faculties (Lyon-1, Lyon-2, and Lyon-3), alongside theJean Monnet Universityof Saint-Étienne,École Centrale de Lyon,École Normale Supérieure de Lyon,and theInstitut d'Etudes Politiques de Lyon.TheCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique,France's public institution for scientific research, is a vital member of this university network. Collaboratively, private and public higher education institutions in the Lyon region pool resources to advance and promote scientific research. Originally established between 1896 and 1968 as a centralized university amalgamating three historical faculties (sciences, arts, medicine, and law), the University of Lyon transitioned into a decentralized model under theEdgar Faure law,advocating for university autonomy. Flourishing as a prominent research hub for Egyptological studies since the late 19th century, Lyon witnessed the birth of the Institute of Egyptology in 1879. In 1975, Egyptological studies found a home in the Victor Loret Institute of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), alongside the creation of theMaison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée.

Distinguished alumni and faculty of the University of Lyon include Nobel laureates such asVictor Grignard(Chemistry, 1912),Alexis Carrel(Medicine),Yves Chauvin(Chemistry, 2005), andJean Jouzel(co-laureate of the Nobel Peace Prize, 2007). Notable figures also includeUme Kenjirō,architect of the Japanese civil code and former law faculty student,Cédric Villani,Fields Medal recipient and alumnus of Lyon-III, astrophysicistHélène Courtois,pioneer of criminal anthropologyAlexandre Lacassagne,andLouis Léopold Ollier,founding figure in modern orthopedic surgery.

History

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Lyonhas historically been an industrious and mercantile city, oriented towards free trade and commerce due to its geographical location: at the confluence of theSaôneandRhônerivers, nearSwitzerlandandItaly,on the route between northern and southern Europe. Primarily a merchant city under theAncien Régime,Lyon does not have a long university history: this delay is partly due to the fear that education would divert young people from commerce and industry.[2]The first modern higher education institution in Lyon was established in 1519 under the initiative of the Brotherhood of the Trinity (Confrérie de la Trinité). On 21 July 1527, following its success, the institution came under the control of the Lyon municipality, which then assumed financial responsibility for it. The institution became theCollège Confrérie de la Trinité.It was the first coeducational institution, notably welcoming poetsLouise LabéandPernette du Guilletduring theRenaissance.In the 16th century, this university college was an influentialhumanist centre.Amidst the religious wars between Catholic and Huguenots, the director of the institution, the poetBarthélemy Aneau,was massacred in 1561, accused of sympathising with the Reformation. In 1565, PopePius IVconfirmed the transfer of the college’s administration to theJesuits,a transfer later validated in 1568 byKing Charles IX of France.The college expanded in the 17th century, with the works financed byQueen Anne of Austria.Besides a theatre, a library, and an observatory, the Collège de la Trinité incorporated numerous buildings not primarily intended for education, including eight congregation chapels. To construct buildings specifically for boarders, the Jesuits began acquiring properties from the 1680s onwards, with acquisitions peaking between 1712 and 1713. In 1702, an astronomical observatory was built atop theTrinity Chapel,driven by astronomer Jean de Saint-Bonnet. In 1763, following the suppression of the Jesuit order in France, the Lyon municipality ordered the institution’s takeover by theOratorian order.Like all universities and higher education institutions of the Ancien Régime, the Collège de la Trinité was abolished by theNational Conventionon 15 September 1793 during theRevolution,on the grounds that they were too aristocratic and did not align with the revolutionaries' vision of public education accessible to all.

In 1806,Napoleon Iestablished theUniversity of France,an institution that centralised all faculties in France. Ephemeral faculties of arts and sciences were created in Lyon during this period but were abolished during theBourbon Restorationin 1815. At the beginning of the 19th century, it had a total of 2,551 students, making it the largest university in the country after Paris. The modern faculties, ancestors of the University of Lyon, were established under theJuly Monarchy:the Faculty of Sciences of Lyon opened its doors in 1833, the Faculty of Letters in 1838, the Faculty of Theology in 1839 (transformed into the Catholic Faculty in 1885), the Faculty of Law in 1875 by decree ofPresident Mac Mahon,and the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy in 1877. The law of 10 July 1896 formally created the University of Lyon, composed of these faculties. Each faculty maintained a high degree of autonomy despite sharing what was then known as thePalais des Facultés,now the Palais Hirsch, located on the left bank of the Rhône at Quai Claude-Bernard. By 1920, Lyon had over 3,500 university students, making it the second largest university in the country after Paris, which had 17,000 students.[3]The University of Lyon in this centralised form existed until 1968.

As with all universities in France, following the events ofMay 1968,the University of Lyon was replaced by autonomous faculties. The Edgar Faure law aimed to grant greater autonomy to faculties and break with the highly centralised vision that had governed higher education in France since 1896. The law provided a legal status of autonomy to the faculties, that of "public establishments of a scientific and cultural nature." The University of Lyon was then divided into three autonomous entities:University Lyon-I -Claude Bernard(former faculty of medicine and pharmacy, now a university of sciences),University Lyon-II -Lumière(former faculty of letters, now a university dedicated to the humanities, social sciences, and arts), andUniversity Lyon-III -Jean Moulin(former faculty of law, now a university dedicated to law and political science). The University of Sciences Lyon-I is namedClaude Bernardin honour of this eminent physiologist and scientist; the University of Lyon-II is named Lumière in reference to the brothersLouisandAuguste Lumière,the inventors of cinema; the University Lyon-III is namedJean Moulinin honour of the prefect and resistance leader during World War II, who unified the French Resistance and died under torture by the Gestapo in Lyon in 1943.

Structure

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After Paris and Toulouse, Lyon is thethird largest university city in Francewith 2,335 students in 1898, 36,500 students in 1973, 42,600 students in 1978, 50,000 students in 1982, and 52,000 students in 1985; in 2024, Lyon has 175,000 students, including 23,000 international students, and 11,500 researchers and faculty members.[4]The university has a total of 510 private and public laboratories, and an average of 800 doctoral theses are defended there each year. The university comprises a total of 510 private and public laboratories, 18 doctoral schools, and an average of 800 doctoral theses are defended there each year. The doctoral schools are divided into five categories: life sciences (biological sciences, health, neurobiology, sciences and cognition, cancerology and biology), exact sciences (electronics and electrotechnics, mechanics and civil engineering, chemistry, materials, engineering, computer science and mathematics, physics and astrophysics), and humanities and social sciences (social sciences, literature, languages and linguistics, education and psychology, economics and management, philosophy and history, law).

UdL, on behalf of its member institutions, oversees several major projects related to the "Investments for the Future" programme, for which it has secured nearly one billion euros in funding. As part of these major projects, 12 laboratories have been awarded the "Laboratoire d'Excellence"(LabEx) label, and 8 projects have received the"Equipement d'Excellence"(EquipEx) label from theMinistry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation.Additionally, 3 of its research institutes have been awarded theCarnot label,which is given to public research laboratories conducting scientific research in public-private partnerships.

As part of the France 2030 programme, launched in 2021 by theFrench governmentwith a total budget of €54 billion, the UdL has established a technology transfer acceleration company (société d'Accélération du Transfert de Technologies,SATT). This subsidiary, created by one or more institutions (universities and research organisations), aims to professionalise the valorisation of public research. The company is responsible for managing patent applications, proof-of-concept operations, startup creation, and licensing. The University of Lyon's SATT, called PULSALYS, has a budget of €57 million over 10 years to strengthen the collaboration between fundamental research and entrepreneurship.

Members

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Constituent universities

Grandes Écoles

Associated institutions

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See also

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References

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  1. ^K-Sup, Administrateur."UDL EN".lyon-university.org.Retrieved11 April2018.
  2. ^Chassagne, Serge (1995)."Guy Avanzini (Dir.), Éducation et pédagogie à Lyon de l'Antiquité à nos jours, Lyon, CLÉRSÉ, (Centre Lyonnais d'Études et de Recherches en Sciences de l'Éducation), 1993".Histoire de l'éducation.66(1): 209–213.
  3. ^"L'Université de Lyon: historique – Lyon Secret"(in French). 2016-05-12.Retrieved2024-05-14.
  4. ^"Lyon, ville étudiante | Ville de Lyon".lyon.fr.Retrieved2024-05-14.
  5. ^K-Sup, Administrateur."UDL – Nos membres et associés".UDL(in French).Retrieved2019-04-25.
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