Awidow's pensionis a payment from the government of a country to a person whosespousehas died.
Generally, such payments are made to awidowwhose late spouse has fulfilled the country's requirements, including contribution, cohabitation, and length of marriage.[1]
United States
editDuring theProgressive Era,there was a proliferation of laws introducingwidows' pensions(generally called "mothers' pensions) at the state level.[2]
At the federal level, the widow's pension was introduced in theSenatein 1930.[3]It was not especially uncommon for young women in Arkansas to marry Confederate pensioners; in 1937 the state passed a law stating that women who married Civil War veterans would not be eligible for a widow's pension. The law was later changed in 1939 to state that widows born after 1870 were not eligible for pensions.
In 1899, Congress approved a payment of $11,750 of widow's pension owed toHarriet Tubman.[1][4]
United Kingdom
editIn theUnited Kingdom,theWidow’s Pensionwas discontinued in 2001.[5]A widow's pension can be paid to childlesswidowsaged 45 or over, or to those whose husband died before September 4, 2001.[6]
When it was offered, for a woman to qualify, her husband had to have paid 25 flat-rate contributions before April 6, 1975.[1]
Israel
editInIsraelin 2007, acourtruled that the female partner of a deceasedlesbianwas entitled to a widow's pension.[5]
New Zealand
editInNew Zealand,a widow's pension was introduced in 1911 to help families with no other way of supporting themselves.[citation needed]
India
editIn 1953, the Government ofIndialaunched the Widow Assistance Scheme. Under this scheme, a pension of ₹20 per month was provided to widows above 40 years of age.[7]
References
edit- ^abcChris Smith; David C. Hoath (1975).Law and the Underprivileged.Routledge & K. Paul. pp. 21–.ISBN978-0-7100-8259-6.
- ^Leff, Mark H. (1973)."Consensus for Reform: The Mothers'-Pension Movement in the Progressive Era".Social Service Review.47(3): 397–417.doi:10.1086/643020.JSTOR30021515.S2CID154238579.
- ^"National Affairs: Widow's Pension".Time.May 19, 1930. Archived fromthe originalon May 14, 2008.
- ^Johnson Publishing Company (2003).Jet.Johnson Publishing Company. pp. 6–.ISSN0021-5996.
- ^abSinai, Ruth."Homosexual partner deserves full widow's pension, court rules".haaretz.Archived fromthe originalon 2007-04-28.
- ^http:// dsdni.gov.uk/index/ssa/wi[dead link]
- ^"Vidhwa Pension List".3 January 2024.
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