Wikipedia

YouView

YouView TV Ltdis a British media company, a partnership of four broadcasters: theBBC,ITV,Channel 4andChannel 5;and twotelecommunicationsoperators,BT GroupandTalkTalk Group(formerly alsoArqiva). It launched in 2012 thehybrid televisionplatform named YouView,[2]which was formed from an ambitious project between the UK's four terrestrial broadcasters originally titledProject Canvas.[3]

YouView TV Ltd
FormerlyCanvas Pro Tem Limited (July–September 2010)[1]
Company typeLimited company
IndustryTelevisionbroadcasting
PredecessorProject Canvas
Founded16 September 2010;14 years ago(2010-09-16)inLondon,England
Founder
HeadquartersLondon, England
Area served
United Kingdom
Key people
Simon Duffy,Chairman
Products
Services
Owner
Websiteyouview

The YouView service was developed as an open platform to combine free-to-airdigital terrestrial television(DTT) channels fromFreeviewusing anaerialconnection, withTV on demand( "catch-up TV" ) services using abroadband internet connection,without any subscription. YouViewPVRset-top boxeshave been sold at retail or built into certainSony BraviaTV sets. The software has most notably been used by BT and TalkTalk for use on their subscription servicesBT TV,PlusnetTV, andTalkTalk TV.[4]

Though originally intending to compete against Freeview andFreesat,YouView as an independent retail product struggled to take off, with BT and TalkTalk becoming its main beneficiaries. This led to the broadcasters launching the similar Freeview Play platform in 2015.[5]In recent years, YouView has streamlined itself and has worked with both BT and TalkTalk to support their IPTV platforms[4]while the broadcasters have since come together asEveryone TV.[6]In December 2023, YouView said it was working with Everyone TV to help launch the newFreelyservice.[7]

Content

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The YouView hardware is adigital terrestrial televisionDVB-T2HD set-top box that provides viewing and recording of all free-to-air channels available ondigital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom.There is no access to some streamed channels in the 225–256 range onFreeview,[8]as YouView lacks support for theMHEG-5integration channel used by these channels to provide them over IP.[clarification needed]

Additional content is provided over a broadband internet connection, with channels that can be viewed and recorded in the same way as the free-to-air channels and can also be accessed via the YouView menu andEPGvia the search function. On demand players vary as rentals, on demand, subscription and catch-up (correct as of 2020):[9][10]

YouView from BT

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Main article:EE TV

BT Infinitysubscribers can access additional liveIPTVchannels via the YouView EPG. Customers who subscribe toEE TVwill receive either a YouView+ box (with recording capabilities), or a standard YouView box (no recording capabilities), or a YouViewUltra HDbox – depending on the subscription type taken. They can then view on-demand content through the BT TV Player.[13]

YouView from Plusnet

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Plusnet'Unlimited Fibre' customers could until 2021[14]subscribe to Plusnet's 'YouView TV from Plusnet' service, with provision through both the full range of available Freeview channels and by channels live-streamed through the Internet (IPTV), in both Standard Definition and High Definition. Subscribers choose either a standard YouView box or YouView+ box, the latter with the ability to pause and rewind live TV, and a recording capacity of up to 150 hours of HD, or 300 hours of SD Freeview, Entertainment and BT Sport Lite channels, which are included as standard. Both boxes also provide access to the 'on demand' players from the main broadcasters: BBC iPlayer, the ITV Hub, All 4 and My 5.[15]

YouView from TalkTalk

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Main article:TalkTalk TV

A free YouView box is provided to TalkTalk Plus or Essentials customers taking out a fixed term contract and allow access to the content previously available from TalkTalk TV. Content that TalkTalk provides, such as film rentals and box sets, are available from the TalkTalk Playerapplicationwithin the YouView menu bar. In the TalkTalk Player, there are 'boosts' that customers can buy for a minimum of one month, and customers can watch and record them from the main guide the same as Freeview channels. These boosts range from Sky premium channels, sports, TV box sets, films, and foreign language channels. TalkTalk use their own brand ofHuawei-manufactured boxes, with the TalkTalk logo on the front, a remote control with a direct button on the TalkTalk Player, and a 320GBhard drive for Plus TV customers. Essentials customers cannot record, but can still pause live TV. Unlike BT, customers do not need a fibre broadband package to access the service.

Features

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The original purpose of YouView was to combineweb streamed televisionand traditional television together in one box. The service was initially marketed as those who did not have an existing subscription to Sky, Virgin or BT TV. One of YouView's features is theelectronic programming guide(EPG) that can scroll backwards up to 7 days and that integrates directly with the respective channel's catch-up service.[16]

Technical information

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On 14 April 2011, YouView published its final core technical specification.[17]The minimum specifications for a YouView-enableddigital terrestrial television(DTT)high-definition(HD)digital video recorder(DVR or PVR) product require:[18]

Analogue HD outputs are forbidden as part of the rights management strategy.

Set-top boxes

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Set-top boxesavailable for the YouView service:

  • HumaxDTR-T1000 (launch date 24 July 2012).
  • HumaxDTR-T1000 withBTbrand (launch date 1 September 2012). This includes the BT brand and an extra menu item "BT Vision".[19][20]
  • HumaxDTR-T1010 (launch date 19 March 2013). The functionally and hardware is exactly the same to the previous DTR-T1000 with different appearance.[21]
  • HumaxDTR-T2000 (launch date 14 June 2014). Minor redesign and slightly smaller than the previous T1010 design.[22]
  • HumaxDTR-T2100 withBTYouView+ brand (launch date 25 February 2014). Redesign which is significantly smaller and quieter than previous Humax Youview boxes (because power transformer at plug).[23]
  • HumaxDTR-T2110 withBTYouView+ brand.
  • HumaxDTR-T2120 withPlusnetYouView+ brand.
  • HumaxDTR-T4000 with BT YouView+ Ultra HD brand (later marketed asBT TV box).
  • HuaweiDN360T withTalkTalkbrand (launch date 5 March 2013). No recording is available.
  • HuaweiDN370T withTalkTalkbrand (launch date 5 March 2013). Recording is available.
  • HuaweiDN371T YouView+ (launch date 5 March 2014).[24][25][26][27]
  • HuaweiDN372T withTalkTalkbrand. Recording is available.
  • SagemcomRTIW387 withBTbrand (marketed asBT TV Box Pro,launch date 4 June 2021).[28]

Note 1: each YouView box comes in a variety of hard disk storage sizes, and is often designated by ModelNo/StorageSize – e.g. DTR-T1000/500GB

Note 2: The only box that supportsWi-Fiis theSagemcomRTIW387, all others must connect directly to the router or throughpower-lineadapters.[29]

Note 3: YouView+ has become the designated way to show the set-top box records TV programmes. This is because of services offered by TalkTalk TV.[30]

History and development

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Project Canvaswas initially announced as a partnership between the BBC, BT and ITV plc, following the failure ofProject Kangaroo,a proposed video-on-demand service offering content fromBBC Worldwide,ITV,and Channel 4's4oD,which was blocked in February 2009 on competition grounds, and only led to the short livedSeeSawservice. The Project Canvas proposal was published by the BBC a few weeks after Kangaroo's cancellation. Canvas differed from Kangaroo in that it was a proposed TV platform (a device that would deliver internet-connected TV), rather than a video-on-demand service (that would act as a single content portal, much like the music video equivalentVEVO).

On 30 July 2009, Project Canvas announced thatFivehad signed up to the project.[31]On 9 July 2010, Five announced that it would not pursue further involvement in Project Canvas, pending a review of its digital investment strategy. On 24 August 2010, Five re-joined Project Canvas, following their acquisition byNorthern & Shell.[32]On 16 December 2009, Project Canvas announced thatChannel 4andTalkTalkhad also signed up to the project.[33]On 22 March 2010 transmission firmArqivajoined as an equal partner in the project.[34]

On 17 May 2010 the then Project Canvas director Richard Halton said: "We have also put out an invitation for an eighth partner, and we would like a company that can add scale and expertise to the platform. It is a question of finding an organisation that shares the aims of the venture."[35]It was later reported that,EE,the UK operations ofOrangeandT-Mobile,had decided against joining, after holding advanced discussions.[36]

Management

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On 23 July 2010Kip Meekwas announced as the non-executive chairman of Project Canvas.[37]Meek left YouView on 7 March 2011, and was replaced byAlan Sugarwith immediate effect,[38]who was brought on board by Channel 5'sRichard Desmond.[39]The move was partly based on his experience with set-top boxes, in particular that of Sky, and partly due to his likely influence in retaining confidence in the various partners.[40]Alan Sugar stepped down as Chairman in March 2013 following a "boardroom bust-up" with Desmond,[41]with TalkTalk group chairmanSir Charles Dunstonetaking on the chairmanship as an interim position.[42]In October 2013Bwin.Party Digital Entertainmentchairman Simon Duffy was named as non-executive chairman of YouView on a permanent basis.[43]

Development

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On 13 November 2009,BBC Future Media and TechnologydirectorErik Huggerspreviewed the work-in-progress user interface that could power the Project Canvas atC21 Media's FutureMedia conference in London.[44]The mock-up of how theBeijing Olympic Gameswould look on Canvas allowed users to watch highlights instantly, send clips to friends, monitor what's being said onTwitter,access archives at the touch of a button, and use commercial third party applications and services.

Morgan Stanleycompiled a creative analysis for BT about the potential impact of Canvas, describing it as "Freeview2.0 ".[45]As Canvas was to be an open platform, Stanley's report noted that content providers would no longer need to pay the current sum of around £10m for capacity ondigital terrestrial televisionto reach their target audience.

On 22 March 2010, the Project Canvas partners submitted analysis to theOffice of Fair Tradingsetting out why the proposed Canvas joint venture does not constitute a qualifying merger under theEnterprise Act 2002.[34]On 19 May 2010, the OFT confirmed that it would not investigate Project Canvas over competition issues.[46]As none of the partners were contributing a "pre-existing business" to Project Canvas, the OFT ruled that it "did not have the jurisdiction" to investigate the venture on competition grounds. The OFT stated "Unlike in the Project Kangaroo joint venture which was blocked by the Competition Commission in 2009, it is not proposed that the joint venture partners will contribute any video-on-demand content or other business to [Project] Canvas, and Canvas will have no role in aggregating, marketing or directly retailing any such television content". Project Canvas was formally approved by theBBC Trustin June 2010.

In May 2010 theFinancial Timesreported that the name YouView was the most likely brand for the service, having been registered asintellectual property(IP) by the group of broadcasters in April.[47][48]On 16 September 2010 YouView TV Ltd wasincorporated,and the product branded under the YouView name.[49]At the same time, Richard Halton was appointed as CEO of YouView TV Ltd, having previously served as programme director for Project Canvas.

On 16 September 2010 a 'Notice of threatened opposition' was filed against YouView with theIntellectual Property Owners Association(IPO).[50]Robin Fry, an intellectual property partner at law firm Beachcroft LLP, said that the site's similarity toYouTubecould cause consumers to confuse the two brands. The use of the world 'You', coupled with a capitalised character in the middle of the word, might suggest a connection between the services. IfGoogledid object, it would be highly likely to win any legal action, according to Fry. "Google is involved in litigation all over the world, and would not be frightened of taking action against this trademark. It has a clear interest in protecting its trademarks to stop them being diluted", he said.[51]

Originally slated to launch in 2010, then early 2011, it was announced on 7 February 2011 that YouView would be delayed to 2012 due to technical issues.[52]An "early 2012" launch was also not possible.

On 14 April 2011, YouView announced additional hardware partnerships withVestel,Pace plc,Huawei,and Manhattan.[17]On 13 May 2011, Technicolor, one of the original set-top-box hardware manufacturing partners decided to withdraw from the project.[53]The six remaining manufacturers at that point were Humax, Huawei, Pace, Manhattan, Vestel, and Cisco.

TalkTalk began running an in-house trial at the beginning of February 2012 to prepare for the launch.[54]YouView formally launched on 4 July 2012, just in time for theLondon 2012 Olympics.[55]

Regulatory approval and controversy

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Following the BBC's proposal in February 2009, there have been comments by a number of organisations and companies which have been published by the BBC in a 392-page document.[56]TheBBC Trustreached its provisional conclusions following more than 800 written responses, green lit in December 2009.[57]

On 25 June 2010, the BBC Trust gave final approval to the BBC's involvement in Project Canvas, stipulating a number of conditions.[58]The Trust concluded that Project Canvas will deliver significant public value for licence fee payers, and that the Trust shall review the BBC's involvement in Canvas against the conditions of its approval, twelve months after launch of Canvas to consumers. TheDigital TV Group(DTG) welcomed the decision and announced it would work with the partners and DTG members to develop the UK specification for Connected TV devices and services to form the 7th edition of the DTG D-Book.[59]

Objections to the approval

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A spokesman forVirgin Mediasaid: "We are disappointed the BBC Trust has approved Canvas and ignored the significant concerns raised by the commercial sector about the proposal. Our position on this matter remains unchanged. As it stands, Canvas will severely restrict competition and innovation and ultimately this will harm consumers". A spokesman forBritish Sky Broadcasting(BSkyB) said: "The BBC's involvement in Canvas is an unnecessary use of public funds. The BBC Trust's announcement is a predictable decision from a body that has shown little inclination to think independently or set meaningful boundaries on the BBC's activities".[60]

The UK'sIntellect Technology Association,said in a submission to the BBC Trust that Project Canvas risks isolating the UK as a "technological island" in a global market by trying to create a standard IPTV set-top box for just the UK.[61]

BSkyB continuously strongly criticised the project funding, saying that public money will be used to give public service broadcasters a foothold in the valuable IPTV, to the disadvantage of "the private sector".[62][63][64][65][66][67]It was reported BSkyB was likely to raise state aid complaints if it appears that the BBC is shouldering the costs of developing the venture for its partners.[68] Sky estimated that it would lose four per cent of revenue as a result of the project.[69]

On 4 March 2010,The Daily Telegraphlearned that Neil Berkett,Virgin Media's chief executive, would tell the Cable Congress in Brussels "the BBC Trust's consultation has been a shameless whitewash that contravenes almost every principle of good regulation."[70]Berkett objected to proposals to force all broadcasters to use a single 'Project Canvas' brand controlled by the BBC and its partners, which he claimed would have penalised commercial rivals. On 28 April 2010, Neil Berkett confirmed that Virgin Media had made a submission to the Office of Fair Trading over Project Canvas,[71]stating "Canvas needs to be an open platform but it is closed and will require a [second] dedicated set-top box." He added that he considered it a misuse of the licence fee to create a product that was not accessible to all the public. "It is funded by the BBC licence fee and should be available everywhere, on a Virgin Box, aPS3and even a Sky box. ".

On 14 June 2010, Neil Berkett revealed to The Guardian that "Far from trying to block the development of these open standards, we have offered to work commercially with Canvas to explore mutually beneficial ways in which we could incorporate them as a self-contained service in the next generation of Virgin Media set-top boxes."[72]

Ofcom complaints

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On 3 August 2010,Virgin Medialodged a complaint withOfcomclaiming that Project Canvas is anti-competitive.[73]

On 18 August 2010,IP Visionformally complained to Ofcom, calling on the regulator to examine the impact Project Canvas would have on innovation, competition andconsumer choice.[74]IP Vision is challenging the validity of Project Canvas, under the 1998 Competition Act.

On 30 August 2010,Six TV,the largest holder of analogue televisionrestricted service licencesin the UK (none of which are in use), announced that it would formally request a full Ofcom investigation of Canvas, warning that it could be a "poison pill" for regional broadcasters.[75]Six TV will also submit its complaint regarding Canvas – which includes broader concerns regarding anti-competitive practices affecting digital television transmission in the UK – to the Office of Fair Trading. Six TV also intends to lobby communications ministerEd Vaizey.On 9 September 2010, United For Local TV an umbrella group which represents five local broadcasters with restricted service licenses (including Six TV), asked Ofcom to investigate the Project Canvas connected-TV venture on competition grounds.[76]

On 13 September 2010, theOpen Source Consortium,the UK trade body for organisations working in Open Source Software, submitted a formal objection[77]to Ofcom asking it to investigate the project.[78][79]In its submission to the media regulator, theOSCsaid that Canvas will have "adverse consequences" for the device and software sector by "diminishing consumer choice and causing inevitable consumer harm".

On 24 September 2010, ISBA – the trade body representing advertisers, joined a growing list of parties asking Ofcom to investigate YouView.[80]ISBA director of media and advertising Bob Wootton believed that the project could represent a "quasi-monopoly". Wootton also claimed that the BBC Trust's recent consultation on Canvas/YouView was "insufficient" for a platform that would carry advertising.

On 28 September 2010, Electra Entertainment – a UK-based IPTV service provider, complained to media regulator Ofcom that YouView would "damage" the UK's interactive TV sector.[81]Electra at the time developed an IPTV platform called Trove which brought media services to the TV screen throughTesco-branded Freeview set top boxes. Electra believes that "the proposed vision, shareholder structure and aims of YouView are anti-competitive and significantly damage the UK interactive TV market".

On 13 October 2010, British Sky Broadcasting submitted a last-minute complaint to Ofcom and the Office of Fair Trading.[82]News of Sky's move prompted an angry reaction from the YouView chief executive, Richard Halton, "While we welcome justifiable scrutiny, the timing of this submission is clearly designed to extend the regulatory process in pursuit of commercial self-interest rather than the public interest".[83]

On 19 October 2010, Ofcom announced that it would not open an investigation into Project Canvas (YouView) under the Competition Act following complaints made by Virgin Media and IPVision.[84]The regulator said that it is "premature" to open an investigation into YouView, as "whether or not YouView and its partners will harm competition in the ways alleged will depend upon how this emerging market develops and how they act, particularly in relation to providing access to content and issuing technical standards".[85]

See also

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References

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