Erik Erikson

American German-born psychoanalyst & essayist

Erik Homburger Erikson(15 June190212 May1994) was a Danish-German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on social development of human beings, and for coining the phraseidentity crisis.

Healthychildrenwill notfearlifeif their elders haveintegrityenough not to feardeath.

Quotes

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When establishedidentitiesbecome outworn or unfinished ones threaten to remain incomplete, special crises compel men to wage holy wars, by the cruelest means, against those who seem to question or threaten their unsafeideologicalbases.
  • Childrenloveand want to be loved and they very much prefer thejoyof accomplishment to the triumph of hatefulfailure.Do not mistake a child for his symptom.
    • Childhood and Society(1950)
  • When established identities become outworn or unfinished ones threaten to remain incomplete, special crises compel men to wage holy wars, by the cruelest means, against those who seem to question or threaten their unsafe ideological bases.
    • "The Problem of Ego Identity" (1956), published inJournal of the American Psychoanalytic Association,4:56-121
  • Doubt is the brother of shame.
    • "The Problem of Ego Identity" (1956), published inJournal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
  • Someday, maybe, there will exist a well-informed, well considered and yet fervent public conviction that the most deadly of all possiblesinsis the mutilation of a child’sspirit;for such mutilation undercuts the life principle of trust, without which every human act, may it feel ever so good and seem ever so right is prone to perversion by destructive forms of conscientiousness.
    • Young Man Luther: A Study in Psychoanalysis and History(1958), p. 70
  • All world-images are apt to becomecorruptwhen left to ecclesiastic bureaucracies. But this does not make the formation of world-images expendable.And I can only repeat that we deny the remnants of old-world images at our own risk, because we do not overcome them by declaring them — with all the righteousness of skepticism — something of a secret sin. They are not less powerful for being denied.

Quotes about Erik Erikson

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  • In Freud's view, development is largely complete by adolescence. In contrast, one of Freud's students, Erik Erikson (1902–1994) believed that development continues throughout life. Erikson took the foundation laid by Freud and extended it through adulthood and into late life.
    • Kail, Robert V. & Cavanaugh, John C. (2004). Human development: A life-span view (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth. p. 16.
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