.sn
Translingual
editEtymology
edit.+ISO3166-1country codeforSenegal,sn.
Noun
edit.sn
Egyptian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Egyptian *-sina.[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (reconstructed)IPA(key):/sin/→/sin/→/sen/→/sen/
- (modern Egyptological)IPA(key):/ʔsɛn/
- Conventional anglicization:.sen
Pronoun
editpl3.suffix pronoun
Usage notes
editThis form of pronoun attaches directly to the preceding word, and means different things depending on what it is attached to.
- When attached to a noun, it indicates thepossessorof the noun.
- When attached to a verb of the suffix conjugation, it indicates thesubjectof the verb.
- When attached to an infinitive verb (especially of an intransitive verb) whose subject is not otherwise expressed, it indicates thesubjectof the verb.
- When attached to a transitive infinitive verb whose subject is otherwise expressed or omitted, it indicates theobjectof the verb.
- In the third person, when attached to a prospective participle, it indicates gender and number agreement.
- When attached to a particle likejwor a parenthetic likeḫr,it indicates thesubjectof the clause.
- When attached to a preposition, it indicates theobjectof the preposition.
- When it follows a relative adjective such asntjorntt,it indicates thesubjectof the relative clause (except in the first person singular and third person common).
Inflection
editOld Egyptian personal pronouns
number | first person | second person | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||
suffix pronouns | singular | ∅,.j |
.k,.kj1 |
.ṯ,.ṯn |
.f,.fj1 |
.s,.sj1 |
dual | .nj |
.ṯnj |
.snj | |||
plural | .n |
.ṯn |
.sn | |||
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns | singular | w,wj,wy |
kw,k,ṯw,ṯ |
ṯm,ṯn |
sw,s |
s |
dual | — |
ṯnj |
snj | |||
plural | n |
ṯn |
sn | |||
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns | singular | jnk |
ṯwt |
ṯmt |
swt |
stt |
dual | — |
— |
ntsnj | |||
plural | — |
ntṯn |
ntsn,jntsn | |||
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings | singular | .kj,.k |
.tj,.t |
∅,.j |
.tj,.t | |
dual | — | .tjwn |
.wy,.wj |
.ty | ||
plural | .wn,.nw |
∅,.w,.y,.wy |
.tj,.t | |||
|
Middle Egyptian personal pronouns
number | first person | second person | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||
suffix pronouns | singular | ∅,.j |
.k,.kj1 |
.ṯ,.t |
.f,.fj1 |
.s,.sj1 |
dual2 | .nj |
.ṯnj,.tnj |
.snj | |||
plural | .n |
.ṯn,.tn |
.sn,.w3 | |||
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns | singular | wj,w |
ṯw,tw |
ṯn,tn |
sw,st |
sj,s,st |
plural | n |
ṯn,tn |
sn,st | |||
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns | singular | jnk |
ntk,ṯwt2 |
ntṯ,ntt,ṯwt2 |
ntf,swt2 |
nts,swt2 |
plural | jnn3 |
ntṯn,nttn |
ntsn | |||
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings | singular | .kw |
.tj,.t,.tw3 |
∅,.w |
.tj,.t,.tw3 | |
plural | .wn,.wjn |
.tjwn,.tjwnj |
∅,.w,.y | |||
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns3 | singular | tw.j |
tw.k |
tw.t |
sw |
sj,st |
plural | tw.n |
tw.tn |
st | |||
|
Late Egyptian personal pronouns
number | first person | second person | third person | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||
suffix pronouns | singular | ∅,.j |
.k,.kw |
.t |
.f,.fj |
.s,.st,.sw |
plural | .n |
.tn,.twn |
.w,.sn1 | |||
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns1 | singular | wj |
tw,tj |
sw,st | ||
plural | n,wn |
twn |
sn,st | |||
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns | singular | jnk |
mntk,mtwk |
mntt,mtwy |
mntf |
mntst,mntjst |
plural | jnn |
mnttn |
mntw | |||
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings1 | singular | .kw,.k |
.tj,.tw |
∅,.w,.y |
.tj,.tw | |
plural | .nw |
.tn |
∅,.w,.y | |||
unmarked (later) | ∅,.tw | |||||
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns | singular | tw.j |
tw.k |
tw.t |
sw |
st,sw |
plural | tw.n |
tw.tn |
st,sw,swt | |||
|
Alternative forms
editAlternative hieroglyphic writings of.sn
.sn | .sn | .sn | .sn | .sn | |||||||||||||
[Late Egyptian] | [Late Egyptian] | ||||||||||||||||
written as plural of.st |
In Late Egyptian this pronoun is replaced by.win most texts. This process starts with the objects of prepositions and then instances of the pronoun attached tojw.However, in more formal texts,.snremains in use.
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- James P[eter] Allen(2010)Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs,2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN,page50.
- Junge, Friedrich (2005)Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction,second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page52