Wiktionary

S

See also:s[U+0073 LATIN SMALL LETTER S],'s,-s,ѕ[U+0455 CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DZE],Ѕ[U+0405 CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DZE],Տ[U+054F ARMENIAN CAPITAL LETTER TIWN],Ꮪ[U+13DA CHEROKEE LETTER DU],andAppendix:Variations of "s"

SU+0053,S
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S
←R
[U+0052] 		Basic Latin T→
[U+0054]
Character variations
ＳU+FF33,Ｓ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S
←Ｒ
[U+FF32] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｔ→
[U+FF34]
Languages (45)
Translingual•English
Afar•Afrikaans•Azerbaijani•Basque•Central Franconian•Chinese•Dutch•Esperanto•Estonian•Finnish•French•Galician•German•Hungarian•Icelandic•Ido•Irish•Italian•Japanese•Kashubian•Latin•Latvian•Malay•Nupe•Polish•Portuguese•Romani•Romanian•Saanich•Scottish Gaelic•Silesian•Skolt Sami•Slovak•Slovene•Somali•Spanish•Swedish•Tagalog•Turkish•Vietnamese•Welsh•Yoruba•Zulu
Page categories

Translingual

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EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From theEtruscanletter𐌔(s,“es”),from theAncient GreekletterΣ(S,“sigma”),derived from thePhoenicianletter𐤔(š,“šin”),from theEgyptianhieroglyph𓌒.

Letter

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S(lower cases)

  1. The nineteenth letter of thebasic modern Latin alphabet.

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Symbol

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S

  1. (chemistry)symbol forsulfur/sulphur
  2. (metrology)symbol forsiemens,a measure ofelectrical conductance.
  3. (metrology)symbol forspat(obsolete astronomical unit of distance).
  4. (metrology)symbol forsvedberg(unit of sedimentation rate in ultracentrifugation).
  5. (biochemistry)IUPAC1-letter abbreviation forserine
  6. (geology)symbol forstorativity
  7. (mathematics,topology)sphere
  8. (mathematics,computer science)The S ( "substitution" )combinator,defined as Sxyz = xz(yz), used inSKI calculus
  9. (linguistics)Awildcardfor asibilant;or sometimes ambiguously for astop,fricative,sonorantorsemivowel
  10. (usuallyclothing)small(the manufactured size)
    Coordinate terms:XXS,XS,M,L,XL,XLT,XXL,XXXL
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  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions ofS,in normal and italic type
  • Uppercase and lowercaseSinFraktur,with long and shortsin lower case

See also

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The templateTemplate:Letterdoes not use the parameter(s):
Character=S
Please seeModule:checkparamsfor help with this warning.

Other representations of S:

English

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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  • (name of letter)IPA(key):/ɛs/
  • Audio(US):(file)
  • (phoneme)IPA(key):/s/,/z/,/ʒ/

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases,pluralSsorS's)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Englishalphabet,calledessand written in theLatin script.
Derived terms
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See also
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Number

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. Theordinalnumbernineteenth,derived from thisletterof the Englishalphabet,calledessand written in theLatin script.

Etymology 2

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Abbreviation.

S

  1. (stenoscript)the sound sequence /st/ in a word, e.g. it's the transcription of the suffix-ist.
  2. (stenoscript)the prefixsub-
    [some manuals advise lower-casesfor the prefixsub-]
  3. (stenoscript)Abbreviationofsouth.
  4. (education)Initialism ofsatisfactory.

Noun

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S(countableanduncountable,pluralSs)

  1. Initialism ofsouth.
  2. Initialism ofseason(group of episodes of a series).
    Coordinate term:E(“episode”)
    I watchedS01 through 03. I have yet to watch theS04.
    The pilot episode isS01E01.
  3. (usuallyclothing)Initialism ofsmall(the manufactured size or an item of that size).
    Coordinate terms:XXS,XS,M,L,XL,XLT,XXL,XXXL
  4. (music)Initialism ofsoprano.
  5. (television)Initialism ofsubtitles.
    Synonyms:CC,sub
  6. (American Library Association)Initialism ofsextodecimo(book size, 15-17.5 cm in height).
Translations
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Adjective

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S(notcomparable)

  1. (usuallyclothing)Initialism ofsmall(of the manufactured size).
    Coordinate terms:XXS,XS,M,L,XL,XXL

Etymology 3

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From the first letter ofsetand ofstage,two fundamental concepts of the theory.

EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia

Proper noun

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S

  1. (set theory)Anaxiomaticset theory,developed by logicianGeorge Boolos,in which several of theaxiomsofZFare derivable astheorems.
    Shas no axiom of extensionality and identity is absent from the otherSaxioms.

Afar

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Letter

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S

  1. The forth letter in the Afar alphabet.

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Afrikaansalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Noun

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S(pluralS's,diminutiveS'ie)

  1. S

Azerbaijani

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Letter

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Supper case(lower cases)

  1. The twenty-fifthletterof the Azerbaijanialphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Basque

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twentiethletterof the Basquealphabet,calledeseand written in theLatin script.

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Central Franconian

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Etymology

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  • /z/,/ʃ/are from West Germanic*s.
  • For the origin of/s/,seeß.

Pronunciation

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  • (German-based)/z/,(coda or doubled)/s/,(in initial sp, st)/ʃ/
  • (Dutch-based)/s/

Letter

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S

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes

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  • In the German-based spelling,/s/after long vowels and diphthongs is represented byß(see there).
  • In the Dutch-based spelling,/z/is represented byz(see there)./ʃ/is represented bysj.
Doubling of S
  • In the German-based spelling,s[s]is doubled after short vowels except in certain function words and when the letter is followed by another consonant within the word stem. However,sfor[z]may be doubled or not.
  • In the Dutch-based spelling,sis doubled after short vowels if the syllable were otherwise open.

Chinese

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Pronunciation 1

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Note:Often realised as1es.

Letter

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S

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2

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Letter

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S

  1. The nineteenth letter used inPinyin.
Usage notes
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  • 《 hán ngữ bính âm phương án 》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).
  • The official pronunciation defined in 《 hán ngữ bính âm phương án 》, ㄝㄙ (ê̄s), is not a valid syllable in Pinyin.

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Dutchalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-secondletterof the Esperantoalphabet,calledsoand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Noun

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S

  1. Abbreviationofsudo(“south”).

Pronoun

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S

  1. (text messaging)Abbreviationofŝi(“she”).

Alternative forms

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Estonian

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EstonianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediaet

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Estonianalphabet,calledessand written in theLatin script.

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Finnish

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Etymology

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The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information,andSfor information on the development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Finnishalphabet,calledäsoresand written in theLatin script.

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French

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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S

  1. Abbreviationofsud;south

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Frenchalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Galician

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Noun

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S

  1. Abbreviationofsur(“south”).

Antonyms

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  • (south):N

German

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Etymology

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For the origin of the letter, sees.

Orthography and pronunciation

Singlesin prevocalic position is pronounced/z/,except when it follows anobstruentwithin the word stem (e.g.Achse,bugsieren,Lotse,schubsen)./s/is usually retained in recent borrowings from English (e.g.Sex), to a lesser degree also in recent borrowings from other languages (e.g.Salsa). Words from the classical languages and pre-1900 loanwords behave like native words.

Stem-initialstandspare pronounced/ʃt/and/ʃp/in native words. The same is generally true for classical and pre-1900 loanwords, though in this case we find some exceptions which are at least optionally pronounced with/st/,/sp/(e.g.Stil,Stola). Recent borrowings tend to retain the original sounds. Again, this tendency is stronger with English than with other source languages (cf. e.g.Spaghettiwith/ʃp/).

The trigraphschis pronounced/ʃ/,except when there is an intervening morpheme boundary, which normally happens only with the diminutive suffix-chen(cf. e.g.Häuschen).

Otherwise, pre-consonantal and word-finalsis always pronounced/s/.This also includesst, spwhen they are not stem-initial. The same is generally true for doubledss.There are, however, a few words in whichssmay – optionally – be pronounced/z/(e.g.Fussel,Massel,quasseln,Schussel). For the orthographic choice betweenssandß,see the latter.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Germanalphabet,calledesand written in theLatin script.
    • 1877,Dr. Schröer, “Gelegentliche Bemerkungen über erhöhte Ansprüche, die nun an die Aufzeichnung mundartlicher Sprachproben zu stellen wären”, inDie deutschen Mundarten. Zeitschrift für Dichtung, Forschung und Kritik. Herausgegeben von Dr. G. Karl Frommann. Siebenter Band (neuer Folge erster Band),page15:
      Für die zweierleiS,das scharfe ß und das weiche, tönende s, sind die Zeichen s und ſ zu empfehlen. Letzteres wird im Französischen, Englischen, Holländischen, Polnischen, Madjarischen mit z bezeichnet, das wir nicht annehmen können, weil bei uns, wie schon bemerkt, z den Laut ts bezeichnet.
      (pleaseadd an English translationof this quotation)

Noun

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S

  1. AbbreviationofSüd;south

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme):IPA(key):[ˈʃ]
  • (letter name):IPA(key):[ˈɛʃː]
  • Audio(phoneme):(file)

Letter

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S

  1. The thirtiethletterof the Hungarianalphabet,calledessand written in theLatin script.

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-e-,front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative S S-ek
accusative S-et S-eket
dative S-nek S-eknek
instrumental S-sel S-ekkel
causal-final S-ért S-ekért
translative S-sé S-ekké
terminative S-ig S-ekig
essive-formal S-ként S-ekként
essive-modal — —
inessive S-ben S-ekben
superessive S-en S-eken
adessive S-nél S-eknél
illative S-be S-ekbe
sublative S-re S-ekre
allative S-hez S-ekhez
elative S-ből S-ekből
delative S-ről S-ekről
ablative S-től S-ektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		S-é S-eké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		S-éi S-ekéi
Possessive formsofS
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. S-em S-eim
2nd person sing. S-ed S-eid
3rd person sing. S-e S-ei
1st person plural S-ünk S-eink
2nd person plural S-etek S-eitek
3rd person plural S-ük S-eik

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Icelandic

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Letter

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S(lower cases)

  1. The twenty-secondletterof the Icelandicalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Ido

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Idoalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Irish

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The sixteenthletterof the Irishalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Italian

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ItalianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediait

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name)IPA(key):/ˈɛs.se/
  • (phonemic realization, between vowels)IPA(key):/z/,/s/
  • (phonemic realization, when followed by a voiceless consonant)IPA(key):/s/
  • (phonemic realization, when followed by a voiced consonant)IPA(key):/z/

Letter

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Sform(invariable,upper case,lower cases)

  1. The seventeenthletterof the Italianalphabet,calledesseand written in theLatin script.

Noun

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Sm

  1. Abbreviationofsud;south

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Japanese

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JapaneseWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediaja

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromEnglishsuperior.

Noun

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S(エス)•(esu)

  1. (education)highest academic grading in the S-A-B-C-F scale
  2. (chieflyvideo games)S,the highestrankorgrade(aboveA) commonly used in ranking systems invideo games
Descendants
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  • English:S

Etymology 2

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FromEnglishsmall.

Noun

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S(エス)•(esu)

  1. small size
Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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FromEnglishsadism;compareEnglishS&M.

Noun

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S(エス)•(esu)

  1. (sexuality,euphemistic)sadism,sadist
  2. (colloquial)dominant personality
Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Kashubian

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Etymology

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The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theKashubian alphabetarticle on Wikipedia for more, andSfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Kashubianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Latin

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. A letter in theLatin alphabet,representing the sound /s/

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Latvian

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LatvianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedialv

Etymology

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Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed byK. Mīlenbahs,which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in GermanFraktur,and sporadically inCyrillic.

Pronunciation

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This entry needs anaudio pronunciation.If you are a native speaker with a microphone, pleaserecord this word.The recorded pronunciationwill appear herewhen it's ready.

Letter

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S

S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Latvianalphabet,calledesand written in theLatin script.

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Malay

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MalayWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediams

Pronunciation

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Letter

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S

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Malayalphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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Nupe

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-firstletterof the Nupealphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Polish

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Etymology

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The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See thehistory of Polish orthographyarticle on Wikipedia for more, andSfor development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-fourthletterof the Polishalphabet,calledesand written in theLatin script.

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Portuguese

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Portuguesealphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Romani

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. (International Standard)The twenty-fourthletterof the Romanialphabet,written in theLatin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax)The twenty-fifthletterof the Romanialphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Romanian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-secondletterof the Romanianalphabet,calledes,se,orsîand written in theLatin script.

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Saanich

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S

  1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Saanichalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Scottish Gaelic

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The sixteenthletterof the Scottish Gaelicalphabet,written in theLatin script.It is preceded byrand followed byt.Its traditional name issuil(“willow”).

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Silesian

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Etymology

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The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theSilesian languagearticle on Wikipedia for more, andSfor development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-sixthletterof the Silesianalphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Skolt Sami

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(lower cases)

  1. The twenty-eighthletterof the Skolt Samialphabet,written in theLatin script.

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Slovak

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The thirty-thirdletterof the Slovakalphabet,calledesand written in theLatin script.

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Slovene

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SloveneWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediasl

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Slovenealphabet,written in theLatin script.
  2. The twenty-sixthletterof the Slovenealphabet(Resian), written in theLatin script.
  3. The twentiethletterof the Slovenealphabet(Natisone Valley dialect), written in theLatin script.

See also

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Somali

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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Supper case(lower cases)

  1. The ninthletterof the Somalialphabet,calledsaand written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

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  1. The ninth letter of theSomalialphabet, which followsArabicabjadorder. It is preceded byRand followed bySH.

See also

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Spanish

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twentiethletterof the Spanishalphabet,calledesand written in theLatin script.

Noun

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Sm

  1. Abbreviationofsur;south

Swedish

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Proper noun

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S

  1. AbbreviationofSocialdemokraterna(“Swedish Social Democratic Party”).

Tagalog

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromSpanishS.Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced byEnglishS.
  • Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin characterᜐ(sa).
  • Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanishS.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key):/ˈʔes/[ˈʔɛs](letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • IPA(key):/ˈsa/[ˈsa](letter name, Abakada alphabet)
    • IPA(key):/ˈʔese/[ˈʔɛː.sɛ](letter name, Abecedario)
    • IPA(key):/s/[s](phoneme)

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases,Baybayin spellingᜁᜐ᜔)

  1. The twenty-firstletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theFilipino alphabet), calledesand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases,Baybayin spellingᜐ)

  1. The sixteenthletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theAbakada alphabet), calledsaand written in theLatin script.

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases,Baybayin spellingᜁᜐᜒ)

  1. (historical)The twenty-secondletterof the Tagalogalphabet(theAbecedario), calledeseand written in theLatin script.

Further reading

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  • “S”,inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph,Manila,2018

Turkish

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-secondletterof the Turkishalphabet,calledseand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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  • (Hà Nội)IPA(key):[ʔɛt̚˧˦ si˨˩],[ʔɛt̚˧˦ si˨˩],[səː˨˩],[səː˨˩ naŋ˧˨ʔ]
  • (Huế)IPA(key):[ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ ʂɪj˦˩]~[ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ sɪj˦˩],[ʔɛt̚˦˧˥ sɪj˦˩],[ʂəː˦˩]~[səː˦˩],[ʂəː˦˩ naŋ˨˩ʔ]~[səː˦˩ naŋ˨˩ʔ]
  • (Saigon)IPA(key):[ʔɛk̚˦˥ ʂɪj˨˩]~[ʔɛk̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩],[ʔɛk̚˦˥ sɪj˨˩],[ʂəː˨˩]~[səː˨˩],[ʂəː˨˩ naŋ˨˩˨]~[səː˨˩ naŋ˨˩˨]
  • Phonetic spelling:ét sì, ét xì, sờ, sờ nặng

Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-thirdletterof the Vietnamesealphabet,calledét,ét-xì,sờ,orsờ nặngand written in theLatin script.

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twenty-fourthletterof the Welshalphabet,calledèsand written in theLatin script.It is preceded byRhand followed byT.

Mutation

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  • S cannot be mutated in Welsh.

See also

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Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “S”,inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online(in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The twentiethletterof the Yorubaalphabet,calledsíand written in theLatin script.

See also

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Zulu

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Letter

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S(upper case,lower cases)

  1. The nineteenthletterof the Zulualphabet,written in theLatin script.

See also

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