Wiktionary

mal

See also:Appendix:Variations of "mal"
Languages (51)
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Translingual

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Symbol

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mal

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-2&ISO 639-3language codeforMalayalam.

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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromFrenchmal(“illness”).Doubletofmalus.

Noun

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mal(pluralmals)

  1. (only in set phrases)illness,affliction.
    a grandmalseizure
Derived terms
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Clippingofmalibu.

Noun

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mal(pluralmals)

  1. (surfing)Alongboard(type of surfboard).
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Clippingofmalleolus.

Noun

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mal(pluralmals)

  1. (medicine,informal)Amalleolus.
    lateralmal
Derived terms
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See also

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etymologically unrelated terms containing "mal"

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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FromDutchmal,fromMiddle Dutchmal.

Adjective

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mal(attributivemal,comparativemaller,superlativemalste)

  1. crazy
    Synonym:gek

Inflection

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Inflection ofmal
predicative attributive independent partitive
singular plural
positive mal malle malles mals
comparative maller mallere malleres mallers
superlative malste malstes —

Derived terms

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Albanian

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AlbanianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediasq

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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A user suggests that this Albanian entry be cleaned up.
Please see the discussion onRequests for cleanup(+)or thetalk pagefor more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

FromProto-Albanian*mala,[1]fromIllyrian*mol-on.Vladimir OrelproposedLithuanianmalà(“land”)andLatvianmala(“bank, shore”)as cognates. Proto-Albanian*mal-reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[2][3]Preserved in patroynms, ethnonymmalësor(“highlander, mountaineer”),in toponym (historical and ethnographic region)Malësia(north Albania and Montenegro). In Kosovo (Malishevë, Gjilan,Mališevo,Prizren), in Serbia (Maleševo (Golubac),Maleševo (Rekovac)) and the name ofMaleshevo Mountain(North Macedonia and Bulgaria).[4]Gil'Ferding proposedSanskritमरु(marú,“wilderness, mountain, rock”)as a cognate. According toMichel Morvana commonpre-Indo-EuropeansubstratewithBasquemalda(“slope”)andmalkor(“precipice”)[5](cf. pre-Indo-Europeangeonymicroot *mal (*mel, *mol),Tamilமலை(malai,“hill, mountain”)andMalayalamമല(mala,“id”)).

La Piana and Huld suggestedOld Englishmolda(“forehead”)andSanskritमूर्धन्(mūrdhan,“head, top, summit”),both derived fromProto-Indo-European*ml̥Hdʰṓ.Also connected toAncient Greek*μλωθρός(*mlōthrós),μέλαθρον(mélathron,“ridgepole”),βλαστάνω(blastánō,“to sprout, grow”).Compare alsoAncient Greekβλωθρός(blōthrós,“lofty”),Avestan𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋(ka-mərəδō,“demon's head”),with a semantic development from ‘head’ > ‘summit’, comparemalë(“tongue tip, tree top”)) > ‘mountain’.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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malm(pluralmale,definitemali,definite pluralmalet)

  1. mount
    Malii Korabit―MountKorab
  2. mountain
    Synonym:bjeshkë
  3. forest(Gheg)
  4. largeamountof something
    Kam marrë njëmalme letra.―I've receiveda lotof papers.

Declension

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Declension ofmal
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative mal mali male malet
accusative malin
dative mali malit maleve maleve
ablative malesh

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Aromanian:mal,meal
  • Romanian:mal(“shore”)

References

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  1. ^Orel, Vladimir E.(1998) “mal”,inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary,Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN,page 243 →( “Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')” )
  2. ^Gustav Meyer (1891)Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache,Trübner, page273
  3. ^Gustav Meyer (1892)Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen,Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages63, 78
  4. ^Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995)Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1),Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York,→ISBNInvalid ISBN,page 718 →(Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[1]
  5. ^Michel Morvan (1996)Les origines linguistiques du Basque (The linguistic origins of Basque),Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux,→ISBN

Aleut

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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mal

  1. todo

References

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Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Cognate to Daco-Romanianmal.FromProto-Albanian*mala(“mountain”)(Albanianmal). Proto-Albanian*mal-reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[1][2][3][4]SeeAlbanianmal(“mountain”)for more.

Noun

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mal

  1. shore
  2. pile,heap
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References

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  1. ^Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995)Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1),Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York,→ISBNInvalid ISBN,page 718 →(Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[2]
  2. ^Orel, Vladimir E.(1998) “mal”,inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary,Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN,page 243 →( “Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')” )
  3. ^Gustav Meyer (1891)Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache,Trübner, page273
  4. ^Gustav Meyer (1892)Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen,Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages63, 78


Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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FromArabicمَال(māl,“property”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal(definite accusativemalı,pluralmallar)

  1. property
    Synonym:əmlak
  2. goods,ware,commodity,product
    Synonyms:məhsul,(formal)əmtəə
    Çindən gətirilənmallar―goodsimported from China
  3. (colloquial)cargo
  4. cattle,livestock
  5. cow
    Synonym:inək
  6. beef(mostly in combination withət(“meat”))
    maləti―beef
  7. (colloquial,by extension)adumb,dullperson;anidiot
    Nə varmalkimi durmusan orada?―Don't stand there like anidiot!
  8. (colloquial,derogatory,by extension)awell-fed,plumpwoman

Declension

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Declension ofmal
singular plural
nominative mal
 mallar
definite accusative malı
 malları
dative mala
 mallara
locative malda
 mallarda
ablative maldan
 mallardan
definite genitive malın
 malların
Possessive forms ofmal
nominative
singular plural
mənim(“my”) malım mallarım
sənin(“your”) malın malların
onun(“his/her/its”) malı malları
bizim(“our”) malımız mallarımız
sizin(“your”) malınız mallarınız
onların(“their”) malıormalları malları
accusative
singular plural
mənim(“my”) malımı mallarımı
sənin(“your”) malını mallarını
onun(“his/her/its”) malını mallarını
bizim(“our”) malımızı mallarımızı
sizin(“your”) malınızı mallarınızı
onların(“their”) malınıormallarını mallarını
dative
singular plural
mənim(“my”) malıma mallarıma
sənin(“your”) malına mallarına
onun(“his/her/its”) malına mallarına
bizim(“our”) malımıza mallarımıza
sizin(“your”) malınıza mallarınıza
onların(“their”) malınaormallarına mallarına
locative
singular plural
mənim(“my”) malımda mallarımda
sənin(“your”) malında mallarında
onun(“his/her/its”) malında mallarında
bizim(“our”) malımızda mallarımızda
sizin(“your”) malınızda mallarınızda
onların(“their”) malındaormallarında mallarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim(“my”) malımdan mallarımdan
sənin(“your”) malından mallarından
onun(“his/her/its”) malından mallarından
bizim(“our”) malımızdan mallarımızdan
sizin(“your”) malınızdan mallarınızdan
onların(“their”) malındanormallarından mallarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim(“my”) malımın mallarımın
sənin(“your”) malının mallarının
onun(“his/her/its”) malının mallarının
bizim(“our”) malımızın mallarımızın
sizin(“your”) malınızın mallarınızın
onların(“their”) malınınormallarının mallarının

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “mal”inObastan.com.

Bouyei

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Tai*ʰmaːᴬ(“to come”).Cognate withThaiมา(maa),Northern Thaiᨾᩣ(ma),Laoມາ(mā),Lüᦙᦱ(maa),Ahom𑜉𑜠(ma),𑜉𑜡(mā),𑜉𑜡𑜠(māa),Zhuangmaz.

Verb

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mal

  1. tocome
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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FromProto-Tai*ʰmaːᴬ(“dog”).Cognate withThaiหมา,Laoໝາ(mā),Lüᦖᦱ(ṁaa),Shanမႃ(mǎa),Zhuangma.

Noun

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mal

  1. dog
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Cara

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Noun

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mal

  1. water

References

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  • R. Blench,The Rukul language of Central Nigeria and its affinities(2006) (mentions this word in notes)

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Catalanmal,fromLatinmalus.

Noun

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malm(pluralmals)

  1. evil,bad
    Antonym:bé
  2. illness
    Synonym:malaltia
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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FromOld Catalanmal,fromLatinmale.

Adverb

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mal

  1. badly,poorly
    Synonym:malament
    Antonym:bé
Derived terms
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Adjective

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mal(femininemala,masculine pluralmals,feminine pluralmales)

  1. bad,poor
    Synonym:dolent
    Antonym:bo
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Cebuano

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromSpanishmal,apocopic form ofmalo(“evil”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal

  1. (billiards)afoul

Verb

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mal

  1. (billiards)tocommita foul

Cimbrian

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Etymology

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FromMiddle High Germanmāl,fromOld High Germanmāl,fromProto-West Germanic*māl,fromProto-Germanic*mēlą(“measurement; time; meal”).Cognate withGermanMal,Mahl,Englishmeal.

Noun

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maln

  1. (Luserna)meal
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References

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Crimean Tatar

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Etymology

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FromArabicمال(māl,“property”).

Noun

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mal

  1. article,product
  2. cattle,livestocks

Declension

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Declension ofmal
singular plural
nominative mal mallar
genitive malnıñ mallarnıñ
dative malğa mallarğa
accusative malnı mallarnı
locative malda mallarda
ablative maldan mallardan

References

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Dalmatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatinmalus.

Noun

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mal

  1. evil,harm

Danish

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Verb

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mal

  1. imperativeofmale

Dutch

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Frenchmodle,an old (11th century) borrowing fromLatinmodulus(“measure”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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malf(pluralmallen,diminutivemalletjen)

  1. mold,cast(device to help creatingshapes)
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Dutchmal,of uncertain origin. Cognate withGermanmalle.Possibly related toFrenchmal(“bad”)orDutchmalen(“to grind, crush”)in the sense "broken, twisted."

Adjective

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mal(comparativemaller,superlativemalst)

  1. foolish,crazy,lackingcommon sense
Usage notes
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The adjectivemalalways refers to an aspect of a thing or person. It is the adjective form of the nounmallerd.For other senses,dwaas,domandgekare used.

Declension
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Declension ofmal
uninflected mal
inflected malle
comparative maller
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial mal maller hetmalst
hetmalste
indefinite m./f.sing. malle mallere malste
n.sing. mal maller malste
plural malle mallere malste
definite malle mallere malste
partitive mals mallers —
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Frenchmal,fromLatinmalus,possibly derived fromProto-Indo-European*(s)mel-(“bad, wrong”).Near cognates includePortuguesemal,ItalianmaleandSpanishmalo.

Noun

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malm(pluralmaux)

  1. (as in the phrase:avoir du mal)trouble,difficulty
    Synonyms:problème,emmerde,misère,difficulté
    J’ai dumalà m’imaginer ça.―I have trouble imagining that.
  2. pain
    Synonym:douleur
    J’aimalà la tête.―I have a headache.(literally, “I have pain at the head.”)
    • 1986,“Il était une fois… une maison des musiciens”, inIl était une fois… une petite grenouille(fiction), Paris:CLE International:
      Aïe, j’aimalau bras!
      Ouille, j’aimalaux dents! Et toi, le lit, tu n’as pasmalaux pieds?
      Non, mais j’aimalà la tête.
      Moi, j’aimalaux oreilles!
      Argh, my arms hurt!
      Oww, my teeth hurt! How about you, bed, don't your legs hurt?
      No, it's my head that hurts.
      As for me, my ears hurt!
  3. evil
    Le philosophe abordait de grandes questions du bon et dumal.―The philosopher discussed broad questions of good and evil.
  4. damage,harm
    Synonyms:tort,dommage
    Lemalest fait.―The damage is done.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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FromOld French,fromLatinmale.

Adverb

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mal

  1. badly
    C’estmalfait.―It's donebadly.

Adjective

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mal(femininemale,masculine pluralmaux,feminine pluralmales)

  1. (in set phrases and limited constructions)bad
    bon an,malan―good year,badyear
    bon gré,malgré―willy-nilly(literally, “good will,badwill”)
    Il estmalde [infinitive]―It’swrongto [infinitive]
    C’estmalde [infinitive]―It’swrongto [infinitive]
Synonyms
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Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Galician

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):/ˈmal/[ˈmɑɫ]
  • Rhymes:-al
  • Hyphenation:mal

Etymology 1

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FromOld Galician-Portuguesemal,fromLatinmale.

Adverb

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mal

  1. badly
    Antonym:ben

Etymology 2

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FromOld Galician-Portuguesemal,fromLatinmalum.

Noun

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malm(pluralmales)

  1. misfortune
  2. bad;evil
  3. sickness;disease

Etymology 3

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Adjective

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malmsg

  1. (before the noun)Apocopicform ofmalo

Etymology 4

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Peasants usingmales( "flails" ) to thresh cereal

Attested since circa 1300 (máále), fromLatinmanualis(“manual”).Cognate withPortuguesemangual.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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malm(pluralmales)

  1. flail
    • c.1300,R. Martínez López, editor,General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV,Oviedo: Archivum, page271:
      cõmo faz a lyma ao ferro, et a fornaz ao ouro que o purga et esmera et o faz puro et paresçe mellor, et cõmo faz outrosi omááleáá messe que a degrana em çeueyra et parte a palla do graão que e o mellor
      as the file does to iron, and the furnace to gold, that purges and cleans it and makes it pure and looks better; and also as theflaildoes to the harvest, that threshes it into sustenance and parts the straw and the grain, which is the best part
    • 1474,Antonio López Ferreiro, editor,Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática,Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page67:
      Iten, preçaron hunmaalen tres maravedis
      Item, they appraised aflailin three coins
  2. handleof theflail
    Synonyms:mango,mangueira,moca

References

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German

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Etymology

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From the nounMal(“time”).Partly shortened fromeinmal,which is also derived from the noun.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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mal

  1. times(indicating multiplication of two numbers)
    sechsmalsieben ist zweiundvierzig
    sixtimesseven is forty-two
  2. (informal)Alternative form ofeinmal(“sometime, ever, once”),may serve to introduce a new information.
    Wenn du in Köln bist, musst dumalbei deiner Tante anrufen.
    When you’re in Cologne, you must call your auntsometime.
    Ich gehmalzum Kaffeestand.
    I’m off to the coffee stall.
    (going to the coffee stall was not discussed at the moment)
  3. (informal)Softening a sentence, thus making a request or command more polite. By extension, indicating a command or request.
    Haben SiemalFeuer?
    Do you have a lighter [please]?
    (can not imply that the asker is offering his lighter)
    Haste Feuer?
    D'ya have fire?
    (may imply that the asker is offering his lighter)
    Du musstmaldeine Tante anrufen.
    You have to call your aunt.
    (urging to do it now or very soon)

Derived terms

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Verb

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mal

  1. singularimperativeofmalen
  2. (colloquial)first-personsingularpresentofmalen

Further reading

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Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesemal.Cognate withKabuverdianumal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad
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Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Frommala(“to purr”).

Noun

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maln(genitive singularmals,no plural)

  1. purr
Declension
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Declension ofmal
n-s singular
indefinite definite
nominative mal malið
accusative mal malið
dative mali malinu
genitive mals malsins

Etymology 2

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Seemalur.

Noun

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mal

  1. indefiniteaccusativesingularofmalur

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):[ˈmal]
  • Hyphenation:mal

Etymology 1

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FromMalaymal.

Noun

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mal(first-person possessivemalku,second-person possessivemalmu,third-person possessivemalnya)

  1. head
    Synonym:kepala
  2. top(of kris)
    Synonym:ganja
  3. bottom(of a blade)
    Synonym:pangkal

Etymology 2

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FromMalaymal,fromArabicمَال(māl).

Noun

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mal(first-person possessivemalku,second-person possessivemalmu,third-person possessivemalnya)

  1. treasure
    Synonyms:khazanah,harta benda
  2. synonym ofdana

Etymology 3

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FromDutchmal(“mold, cast”),fromOld Frenchmodle,fromLatinmodulus(“measure”).Doubletofmodulus.

Noun

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mal(first-person possessivemalku,second-person possessivemalmu,third-person possessivemalnya)

  1. mold,cast.
    Synonym:cetakan
  2. pattern.
    Synonym:pola

Etymology 4

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FromEnglishmall.

Noun

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mal(first-person possessivemalku,second-person possessivemalmu,third-person possessivemalnya)

  1. shopping centre,mall.
    Synonyms:plaza,pusat perbelanjaan

Further reading

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Interlingua

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Etymology

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FromLatinmalus.

Adjective

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mal(comparativeplusmal,superlativeleplusmal)

  1. bad
  2. evil

Adverb

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mal(comparativeplusmal,superlativeleplus mal)

  1. badly,poorly
  2. wrongfully

Noun

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mal(pluralmales)

  1. bad,badness,something bad
  2. evil
  3. illness
  4. pain,ache

Italian

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Noun

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malm(apocopated)

  1. Apocopicform ofmale

Kabuverdianu

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesemal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad
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Latvian

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Verb

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mal

  1. inflection ofmalt:
    1. second-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. second-personsingularimperative

Lombard

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Etymology

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Akin toItalianmale,from Latinmalus.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad

Mangas

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal

  1. heart

References

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  • Blench, Robert; Bulkaam, Michael (2021) An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria. University of Cambridge.

Middle English

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Noun

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mal

  1. Alternative form ofmale

Adjective

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mal

  1. Alternative form ofmale

Middle French

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchmal.

Noun

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malm(pluralmaulx)

  1. badact

Descendants

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Adjective

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malm(feminine singularmaleormalle,masculine pluralmaulx,feminine pluralmalesormalles)

  1. bad;evil

Descendants

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Adverb

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mal

  1. evilly;badly;poorly

Descendants

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Middle Welsh

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Noun

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mal

  1. tax

Miraya Bikol

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromMalaymahal.CompareBikol CentralmahalandTagalogmahal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. expensive
    Antonym:barato

Norman

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchmal,fromLatinmale.

Adverb

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mal

  1. (Guernsey)badly

Adjective

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mal

  1. (Guernsey)bad

Northern Kurdish

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Etymology

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FromProto-Iranian*dmáHnaH.

Noun

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malf

  1. home
  2. family,dynasty,house

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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FromDutchmal.

Noun

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malm(definite singularmalen,indefinite pluralmaler,definite pluralmalene)

  1. atemplate

Etymology 2

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Verb

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mal

  1. imperativeofmale

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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FromDutchmal.

Noun

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malm(definite singularmalen,indefinite pluralmalar,definite pluralmalane)

  1. atemplate

Etymology 2

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Verb

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mal

  1. imperativeofmala

References

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Germanic*mailą.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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māln

  1. mole(spot on the skin)
  2. mark,spot
Declension
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Declension ofmāl(strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative māl māl
accusative māl māl
genitive māles māla
dative māle mālum
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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māln

  1. asuit,legalcase,prosecution,defense
Derived terms
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References

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Old French

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinmale.

Adverb

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mal

  1. evilly
  2. badly;poorly
Descendants
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Etymology 2

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FromLatinmalus.

Noun

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maloblique singular,m(oblique pluralmausormaxormals,nominative singularmausormaxormals,nominative pluralmal)

  1. evil
  2. pain,suffering
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Adjective

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malm(oblique and nominative feminine singularmale,comparativepeior,superlativepeior)

  1. bad(undesirable; not good)
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Old Galician-Portuguese

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Etymology

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FromLatinmale(“badly; wrongly”).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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mal

  1. badly

Descendants

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  • Fala:mal
  • Galician:mal
  • Portuguese:mal(see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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FromLatinmalus.Gallo-Romancecognate withOld Frenchmal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. bad(negative)
  2. bad(evil)

Descendants

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References

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Phalura

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Etymology

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(Thisetymologyis missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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malf(Perso-Arabic spellingمل)

  1. goats

Inflection

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i-decl (Obl): -í

References

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  • Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “mal”, inPalula Vocabulary(FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[5],Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives,→ISBN

Portuguese

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PortugueseWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediapt

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Galician-Portuguesemal,fromLatinmale(“badly; wrongly”).

Alternative forms

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  • mar(eye dialect spelling,representing Caipira Portuguese)

Adverb

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mal(comparable,comparativepior)

  1. badly(in a faulty, dysfunctional or incorrect manner)
    O carro está a funcionar/funcionando bemmal.
    The car is running prettybadly.
    (O) João fala inglêsmal.
    John speaks Englishbadly.
  2. (preceding verbs)hardly;barely
    Elemalconsegue estudar com todo este barulho.
    He canhardlystudy with all this noise.
  3. wrong(incorrect)
    A resposta estámal.
    The answer is wrong.
  4. unfavourably(in an unfavourable manner)
    Pensomalde ti.
    I thinkunfavourablyof you.
    Ele falamalde ti.
    He speaksunfavourablyof you.
  5. (in compounds)evilly
    mal-assombrado―haunted(literally, “evilly-shadowed”)
    mal-agourado―cursed(literally, “evilly-foreboded”)
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, seeCitations:mal.

Synonyms
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Conjunction

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mal

  1. have/hadjust;have/hadbarely
    Maltinha saído quando a encontrei.
    Ihad barelygone out when I found her.
Quotations
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Etymology 2

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FromLatinmalus.CompareItalianmale,Sicilianmali.

Noun

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malm(pluralmales)

  1. (uncountable)evil(malevolent forces or behaviour)
    As forças domalcercaram o castelo.
    The forces ofevilsieged the castle.
  2. harm
    Ela não fez pormal.
    She meant no harm.
    Não fazmal.
    No problem. (It does not matter.)
  3. malady(any ailment or disease, especially a lingering one)
    mal de Parkinson
    Parkinson's disease
    Malescomo a SIDA e pneumonia são mortais.
    Illnessessuch as AIDS and pneumonia are deadly.
Quotations
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Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Adjective

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mal

  1. (Brazil)Misspelling ofmau.

Descendants

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  • Guinea-Bissau Creole:mal
  • Kabuverdianu:mal

Romanian

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Etymology

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Cognate toAromanianmalandmeal.FromProto-Albanian*mala(“mountain”)(StandardAlbanianmal).[1][2][3][4]SeeAlbanianmal(“mountain”)for more.

Noun

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maln(pluralmaluri)

  1. shore

Declension

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Declension ofmal
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un)mal malul (niște)maluri malurile
genitive/dative (unui)mal malului (unor)maluri malurilor
vocative malule malurilor

References

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  1. ^Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995)Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1),Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York,→ISBN,page 718 →(Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[3]
  2. ^Orel, Vladimir E.(1998) “mal”,inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary,Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN,page 243 →( “Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')” )
  3. ^Gustav Meyer (1891)Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache,Trübner, page273
  4. ^Gustav Meyer (1892)Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen,Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages63, 78

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Slavic*malъ,fromProto-Indo-European*moh₁los.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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mȃl(Cyrillic spellingма̑л,definitemȃlī,comparativemȁnjī)

  1. small

Declension

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positive indefinite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mal mala malo
genitive mala male mala
dative malu maloj malu
accusative inanimate
animate 		mal
mala 		malu malo
vocative mal mala malo
locative malu maloj malu
instrumental malim malom malim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative mali male mala
genitive malih malih malih
dative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
accusative male male mala
vocative mali male mala
locative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
instrumental malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
positive definite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative mali mala malo
genitive malog(a) male malog(a)
dative malom(u/e) maloj malom(u/e)
accusative inanimate
animate 		mali
malog(a) 		malu malo
vocative mali mala malo
locative malom(e/u) maloj malom(e/u)
instrumental malim malom malim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative mali male mala
genitive malih malih malih
dative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
accusative male male mala
vocative mali male mala
locative malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
instrumental malim(a) malim(a) malim(a)
comparative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative manji manja manje
genitive manjeg(a) manje manjeg(a)
dative manjem(u) manjoj manjem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		manji
manjeg(a) 		manju manje
vocative manji manja manje
locative manjem(u) manjoj manjem(u)
instrumental manjim manjom manjim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative manji manje manja
genitive manjih manjih manjih
dative manjim(a) manjim(a) manjim(a)
accusative manje manje manja
vocative manji manje manja
locative manjim(a) manjim(a) manjim(a)
instrumental manjim(a) manjim(a) manjim(a)
superlative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative najmanji najmanja najmanje
genitive najmanjeg(a) najmanje najmanjeg(a)
dative najmanjem(u) najmanjoj najmanjem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		najmanji
najmanjeg(a) 		najmanju najmanje
vocative najmanji najmanja najmanje
locative najmanjem(u) najmanjoj najmanjem(u)
instrumental najmanjim najmanjom najmanjim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative najmanji najmanje najmanja
genitive najmanjih najmanjih najmanjih
dative najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a)
accusative najmanje najmanje najmanja
vocative najmanji najmanje najmanja
locative najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a)
instrumental najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a) najmanjim(a)
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Further reading

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  • “mal”,inHrvatski jezični portal(in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2024

Slovak

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Pronunciation

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Participle

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mal

  1. masculinesingularl-participleofmať

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Apocopic form ofmalo,fromLatinmalus,possibly derived fromProto-Indo-European*(s)mel-(“bad, wrong”).

Adjective

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malm(apocopate,standard formmalo)

  1. (before the noun)Apocopicform ofmalobad;evil
  2. amiss,awry,off,wrong
    Me di cuenta de que algo estabamal.
    I realized something wasamiss.
Usage notes
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  • Malis only used before a masculine singular noun. In other positions,malois used instead.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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FromLatinmale.

Adverb

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mal(comparativepeor)

  1. badly,poorly,ill
    No hablesmalde los muertos.
    Don't speakillof the dead.
    Quémal.
    Toobad./ That's toobad.
  2. awry,amiss,wrong,wrongly
    Tu plan maestro saliómalbastante rápido
    Your master plan wentawrypretty quickly.
  3. hard(functions as an adverb in Spanish but translates as an adjective in English)
    Estoy pasándolomalcon todo ahora mismo.
    I'm just having ahard timewith everything right now.
Derived terms
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Noun

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malm(pluralmales)

  1. evil,harm;abadthing or situation
    demalen peor―frombadto worse
  2. disease,illness,ailment
    ... le curaremos, si es que sumaltiene cura...
    ... we shall cure him, if hisailmenthas a cure...
    (Cervantes, Quijote, ch. 23)
  3. worse(substantive)
    para bien o paramal―for better or forworse
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Swedish

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SwedishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediasv
en mal (sense 1)
en mal (sense 2)

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Norsemǫlr,fromProto-Germanic*malwan,fromProto-Indo-European*molH-(y)o-.See alsoGothic𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍉(malō)andGermanMilbe.

Noun

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malc

  2. moth
  4. wels catfish,Silurus glanis
Declension
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Declension ofmal
nominative genitive
singular indefinite mal mals
definite malen malens
plural indefinite malar malars
definite malarna malarnas
See also
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Verb

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mal

  1. inflection ofmala:
    1. imperative
    2. presentindicative

References

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Anagrams

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Turkish

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Etymology

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FromOttoman Turkishمال(mal),fromArabicمَال(māl,“property”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal(definite accusativemalı,pluralmallaror(dated)emval)

  1. cattle
  2. goods,property
  3. asset
  4. (economy)merchandise
  5. (law)goods,commodity
  6. (colloquial,derogatory)(no equivalent expression; likely) anexpendableorignorablestupidandannoyingperson,douche,prick
  7. (slang,vulgar)aprostitute
  8. (slang)heroin

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative mal
Definite accusative malı
Singular Plural
Nominative mal mallar
Definite accusative malı malları
Dative mala mallara
Locative malda mallarda
Ablative maldan mallardan
Genitive malın malların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular malım mallarım
2nd singular malın malların
3rd singular malı malları
1st plural malımız mallarımız
2nd plural malınız mallarınız
3rd plural malları malları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular malımı mallarımı
2nd singular malını mallarını
3rd singular malını mallarını
1st plural malımızı mallarımızı
2nd plural malınızı mallarınızı
3rd plural mallarını mallarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular malıma mallarıma
2nd singular malına mallarına
3rd singular malına mallarına
1st plural malımıza mallarımıza
2nd plural malınıza mallarınıza
3rd plural mallarına mallarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular malımda mallarımda
2nd singular malında mallarında
3rd singular malında mallarında
1st plural malımızda mallarımızda
2nd plural malınızda mallarınızda
3rd plural mallarında mallarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular malımdan mallarımdan
2nd singular malından mallarından
3rd singular malından mallarından
1st plural malımızdan mallarımızdan
2nd plural malınızdan mallarınızdan
3rd plural mallarından mallarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular malımın mallarımın
2nd singular malının mallarının
3rd singular malının mallarının
1st plural malımızın mallarımızın
2nd plural malınızın mallarınızın
3rd plural mallarının mallarının
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular malım mallarım
2nd singular malsın mallarsın
3rd singular mal
maldır 		mallar
mallardır
1st plural malız mallarız
2nd plural malsınız mallarsınız
3rd plural mallar mallardır
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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • “mal”,inTurkish dictionaries,Türk Dil Kurumu

West Albay Bikol

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Etymology

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BorrowedfromMalaymahal.CompareBikol CentralmahalandTagalogmahal.

Adjective

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mal

  1. expensive
    Antonym:barato

Woleaian

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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mal

  1. bird

Zou

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Mal.

Noun

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mal

  1. thigh

References

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  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013)A Descriptive Grammar of Zou,Canchipur: Manipur University, page45
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