Wiktionary

rust

See also:rüst,růst,Rust,andrúst

English

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EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia
Rust
Ruston a can

Pronunciation

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  • enPR:rŭst,IPA(key):/ɹʌst/
  • Audio(US):(file)
  • Rhymes:-ʌst

Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishrust,rost,roust,fromOld Englishrust,rūst(“rust”),fromProto-West Germanic*rust,fromProto-Germanic*rustaz(“rust”),fromProto-Indo-European*rudʰso-(“red”),fromProto-Indo-European*h₁rewdʰ-(“red”).

Cognate withScotsroust(“rust”),Saterland Frisianrust(“rust”),West Frisianroast(“rust”),Dutchroest(“rust”),GermanRost(“rust”),Danishrust(“rust”),Swedishrost(“rust”),Norwegianrust,ryst(“rust”),Finnishruoste,Estonianrooste.Related tored.

Noun

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rust(countableanduncountable,pluralrusts)

  1. The deteriorated state ofironorsteelas a result ofmoistureandoxidation.
    Theruston my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.
  2. A similar substance based on another metal.
    copperrust
  3. Areddish-browncolor.
    rust:
  5. Adiseaseof plants caused by a reddish-brownfungus.
  6. (philately)Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Etymology 2

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Arustingleaf.
A black cat that hasrusted.

FromMiddle Englishrusten,from the noun (see above).

Verb

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rust(third-person singular simple presentrusts,present participlerusting,simple past and past participlerusted)

  1. (intransitive)To oxidize, especially ofironorsteel.
    The patio furniture hadrustedin the wind-driven spray.
  2. (transitive)To cause to oxidize.
    The wind-driven spray had thoroughlyrustedthe patio furniture.
  3. (intransitive)To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
    • 1902January 3, “Mapstone Oats: Further Experiences”, inThe Agricultural Journal and Mining Record‎[1],volume 4, number22,page688:
      I am sorry to say that, contrary to the majority, I have to report that the foragerustedrather badly.
  4. (transitive,intransitive,figuratively)To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
    • 1692,John Dryden,Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero, a Tragedy:
      Must Irustin Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?
  5. (intransitive)Of ablackcator itsfur,to turn rust-colouredfollowing long periods ofexposuretosunlight.
    It's very common for black cats torustduring the summer.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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See also
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References

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  • “rust”,inOneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

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Danish

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DanishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediada

Etymology

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FromOld Swedishrost(“rust”),fromOld Norse*rustr,possibly borrowed fromOld Saxonrost,ultimately fromProto-Germanic*rustaz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rustc(singular definiterusten,not used in plural form)

  1. rust
  2. corrosion

Verb

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rust

  1. imperativeofruste

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Dutchruste,fromOld Dutch*rusta,fromProto-Germanic*rustijō.Cognate withGerman Low GermanRüst(“rest”),GermanRüste(“end, sunset”).

Noun

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rustf(pluralrusten)

  1. rest,calm,peace
    Waarom laat je me niet metrust?
    Why don't you leave mealone?
    (literally, “Why don't you leave me atrest?”)
  2. (sports)half-time
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans:rus
  • Negerhollands:rust,res

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemmaform.

Verb

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rust

  1. inflection ofrusten:
    1. first/second/third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. imperative

Further reading

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  • “rust”inWoordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling,Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Englishrust,rūst,fromProto-West Germanic*rust,*rost,fromProto-Germanic*rustaz.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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rust(uncountable)

  1. rust(oxidisation ofironorsteel)
  2. (figurative)Moraldegeneration.
  3. (horticulture)Afungaldiseaseof plants.
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Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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rust

  1. Alternative form ofrusten

Norwegian Bokmål

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NorwegianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediano

Noun

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rustmorf(definite singularrustaorrusten)(uncountable)

  1. rust(oxidation of iron and steel)
  2. rust(disease affecting plants)

Derived terms

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Verb

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rust

  1. imperativeofruste

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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Norwegian NynorskWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediann

FromProto-Germanic*rustaz.

Alternative forms

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  • røst(Trøndelag dialect)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rustf(definite singularrusta)(uncountable)

  1. rust(oxidation, as above)
  2. rust(plant disease)

Verb

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rust

  1. imperativeofrusta

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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rust

  1. pastparticipleofrusa

References

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Old English

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*rust,fromProto-Germanic*rustaz(“rust”),fromProto-Indo-European*rudʰso-(“red”),fromProto-Indo-European*h₁rewdʰ-(“red”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rustm

  1. rust

Derived terms

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Descendants

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