gladiolus

English

Gladiolus imbricatus (2)

Etymology

From Latin gladiolus (“little sword, sword lily”), diminutive of gladius (“sword”).

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɡlædɪˈəʊləs/
(US) IPA^(key): /ɡlædɪˈoʊləs/
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: (US) -oʊləs

Noun

English Wikipedia has an article on:

gladiolus

Wikipedia

gladiolus (plural gladioli or gladioluses)

(anatomy) The center part of the sternum.
Any of several flowering plants, of the genus Gladiolus, having sword-shaped leaves and showy flowers on spikes; gladiola.
- 1907 January, Harold Bindloss, chapter 20, in The Dust of Conflict, 1st Canadian edition, Toronto, Ont.: McLeod & Allen, →OCLC:
  Hester Earle and Violet Wayne were moving about the aisle with bundles of wheat-ears and streamers of ivy, for the harvest thanksgiving was shortly to be celebrated, while the vicar stood waiting for their directions on the chancel steps with a great handful of crimson gladioli.

Alternative forms

gladiola

Derived terms

Related terms

gladiator

Translations

center part of the sternum

Finnish: rintalastan runko
Portuguese: mesosterno m
Spanish: mesosternón m, cuerpo del esternón m

plant

Armenian: թրաշուշան (hy) (tʻrašušan)
Belarusian: гладыёлус m (hladyjólus)
Bulgarian: гладиола f (gladiola)
Catalan: gladiol m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 劍蘭／剑兰 (jiànlán)
Czech: mečík m
Dutch: gladiool (nl) m or f, zwaardlelie (nl) f
Finnish: miekkalilja (fi)
French: glaïeul (fr) m
German: Gladiole (de) f
Greek: γλαδιόλα (el) f (gladióla), γλαδίολος (el) m (gladíolos)
Ancient: μαχαιρόφυλλον n (makhairóphullon), ξίφιον n (xíphion)
Hungarian: kardvirág (hu)
Hunsrik: Santeritte f
Italian: gladiolo (it) m
Japanese: グラジオラス (ja) (gurajiorasu)
Latin: gladiolus m
Macedonian: гладио́ла f (gladióla)
Polish: mieczyk (pl) m
Portuguese: gladíolo (pt) m
Romanian: gladiolă (ro) f
Russian: гладио́лус (ru) m (gladiólus), шпа́жник (ru) m (špážnik)
Spanish: estoque (es) m
Swedish: gladiolus c
Ukrainian: гладіо́лус m (hladiólus), коса́рик m (kosáryk)
Vietnamese: lay ơn (vi)

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gladiolus, a diminutive form of gladius (“sword”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˌɣlaː.diˈoː.lʏs/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: gla‧di‧o‧lus

Noun

gladiolus m (plural gladioli)

Dated form of gladiool (“gladiolus, gladiola”).

Finnish

Etymology

Latin gladiolus

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɡlɑdiolus/, [ˈɡlɑ̝diˌo̞lus̠]
Rhymes: -olus
Syllabification^(key): gla‧di‧o‧lus

Noun

gladiolus

Synonym of miekkailija (plant)

Declension

Inflection of gladiolus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		gladiolus	gladiolukset
genitive		gladioluksen	gladiolusten gladioluksien
partitive		gladiolusta	gladioluksia
illative		gladiolukseen	gladioluksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		gladiolus	gladiolukset
accusative	nom.	gladiolus	gladiolukset
accusative	gen.	gladioluksen	gladiolukset
genitive		gladioluksen	gladiolusten gladioluksien
partitive		gladiolusta	gladioluksia
inessive		gladioluksessa	gladioluksissa
elative		gladioluksesta	gladioluksista
illative		gladiolukseen	gladioluksiin
adessive		gladioluksella	gladioluksilla
ablative		gladiolukselta	gladioluksilta
allative		gladiolukselle	gladioluksille
essive		gladioluksena	gladioluksina
translative		gladiolukseksi	gladioluksiksi
abessive		gladioluksetta	gladioluksitta
instructive		—	gladioluksin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of gladiolus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		gladiolukseni	gladiolukseni
accusative	nom.	gladiolukseni	gladiolukseni
accusative	gen.	gladiolukseni	gladiolukseni
genitive		gladiolukseni	gladiolusteni gladioluksieni
partitive		gladiolustani	gladioluksiani
inessive		gladioluksessani	gladioluksissani
elative		gladioluksestani	gladioluksistani
illative		gladiolukseeni	gladioluksiini
adessive		gladioluksellani	gladioluksillani
ablative		gladiolukseltani	gladioluksiltani
allative		gladiolukselleni	gladioluksilleni
essive		gladioluksenani	gladioluksinani
translative		gladioluksekseni	gladioluksikseni
abessive		gladioluksettani	gladioluksittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	gladioluksineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		gladioluksesi	gladioluksesi
accusative	nom.	gladioluksesi	gladioluksesi
accusative	gen.	gladioluksesi	gladioluksesi
genitive		gladioluksesi	gladiolustesi gladioluksiesi
partitive		gladiolustasi	gladioluksiasi
inessive		gladioluksessasi	gladioluksissasi
elative		gladioluksestasi	gladioluksistasi
illative		gladiolukseesi	gladioluksiisi
adessive		gladioluksellasi	gladioluksillasi
ablative		gladiolukseltasi	gladioluksiltasi
allative		gladioluksellesi	gladioluksillesi
essive		gladioluksenasi	gladioluksinasi
translative		gladiolukseksesi	gladioluksiksesi
abessive		gladioluksettasi	gladioluksittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	gladioluksinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		gladioluksemme	gladioluksemme
accusative	nom.	gladioluksemme	gladioluksemme
accusative	gen.	gladioluksemme	gladioluksemme
genitive		gladioluksemme	gladiolustemme gladioluksiemme
partitive		gladiolustamme	gladioluksiamme
inessive		gladioluksessamme	gladioluksissamme
elative		gladioluksestamme	gladioluksistamme
illative		gladiolukseemme	gladioluksiimme
adessive		gladioluksellamme	gladioluksillamme
ablative		gladiolukseltamme	gladioluksiltamme
allative		gladioluksellemme	gladioluksillemme
essive		gladioluksenamme	gladioluksinamme
translative		gladiolukseksemme	gladioluksiksemme
abessive		gladioluksettamme	gladioluksittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	gladioluksinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		gladioluksenne	gladioluksenne
accusative	nom.	gladioluksenne	gladioluksenne
accusative	gen.	gladioluksenne	gladioluksenne
genitive		gladioluksenne	gladiolustenne gladioluksienne
partitive		gladiolustanne	gladioluksianne
inessive		gladioluksessanne	gladioluksissanne
elative		gladioluksestanne	gladioluksistanne
illative		gladiolukseenne	gladioluksiinne
adessive		gladioluksellanne	gladioluksillanne
ablative		gladiolukseltanne	gladioluksiltanne
allative		gladioluksellenne	gladioluksillenne
essive		gladioluksenanne	gladioluksinanne
translative		gladiolukseksenne	gladioluksiksenne
abessive		gladioluksettanne	gladioluksittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	gladioluksinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		gladioluksensa	gladioluksensa
accusative	nom.	gladioluksensa	gladioluksensa
accusative	gen.	gladioluksensa	gladioluksensa
genitive		gladioluksensa	gladiolustensa gladioluksiensa
partitive		gladiolustaan gladiolustansa	gladioluksiaan gladioluksiansa
inessive		gladioluksessaan gladioluksessansa	gladioluksissaan gladioluksissansa
elative		gladioluksestaan gladioluksestansa	gladioluksistaan gladioluksistansa
illative		gladiolukseensa	gladioluksiinsa
adessive		gladioluksellaan gladioluksellansa	gladioluksillaan gladioluksillansa
ablative		gladiolukseltaan gladiolukseltansa	gladioluksiltaan gladioluksiltansa
allative		gladiolukselleen gladioluksellensa	gladioluksilleen gladioluksillensa
essive		gladioluksenaan gladioluksenansa	gladioluksinaan gladioluksinansa
translative		gladioluksekseen gladiolukseksensa	gladioluksikseen gladioluksiksensa
abessive		gladioluksettaan gladioluksettansa	gladioluksittaan gladioluksittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	gladioluksineen gladioluksinensa

Latin

Etymology

Diminutive of gladius (“sword”) +‎ -olus.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ɡlaˈdi.o.lus/, [ɡɫ̪äˈd̪iɔɫ̪ʊs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ɡlaˈdi.o.lus/, [ɡläˈd̪iːolus]

Noun

gladiolus m (genitive gladiolī); second declension

Little sword, knife
Sword lily, gladiolus.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	gladiolus	gladiolī
genitive	gladiolī	gladiolōrum
dative	gladiolō	gladiolīs
accusative	gladiolum	gladiolōs
ablative	gladiolō	gladiolīs
vocative	gladiole	gladiolī

Descendants

Catalan: garitjol, → gladiol (learned)
→ English: gladiolus
French: glaïeul
→ German: Gladiole
Italian: giaggiolo
Occitan: glaujòl
→ Norwegian: gladiolus

References

“gladiolus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin gladiolus (“little sword, sword lily”), diminutive of gladius (“sword”).

Noun

gladiolus m (definite singular gladiolusen, indefinite plural gladioler or gladioluser, definite plural gladiolene or gladiolusene)

a gladiolus (flowering plant of genus Gladiolus)

References

“gladiolus” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

gladiolus

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Etymology

From Latin gladiolus (“little sword, sword lily”), diminutive of gladius (“sword”).

Noun

gladiolus m (definite singular gladiolusen, indefinite plural gladiolar or gladiolusar, definite plural gladiolane or gladiolusane)

a gladiolus (flowering plant of genus Gladiolus)

References

“gladiolus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.