Wiktionary

lake

See also:Lake,Lãke,lakë,lakę,andłąkę

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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A mountain lake.

Arose from a conflation of the form of inheritedMiddle Englishlake(“small stream of running water, pool, lake”)withMiddle Englishlac(“lake”),fromOld Frenchlac(“lake”)orLatinlacus(“lake, basin, tank”),seelac.The former,lake(“stream, pool, lake”),is inherited fromOld Englishlacu(“stream, pool, expanse of water, lake”),fromProto-West Germanic*laku,fromProto-Germanic*lakō(“stream, pool, water aggregation”),ultimately derived fromProto-Indo-European*leg-(“to leak, drain”).It is related toDutchlaak(“stream, drainage ditch, pond”),German Low GermanLake,Laak(“drainage, marshland”),GermanLache(“puddle”),Icelandiclækur(“stream”).[1]

Despite their similarity in form and meaning, Old Englishlacuis not related toEnglishlay(“lake”),Latinlacus(“hollow, lake, pond”),Scottish Gaelicloch(“lake”),Ancient Greekλάκκος(lákkos,“waterhole, tank, pond, pit”),all fromProto-Indo-European*lókus, *l̥kwés(“lake, pool”).[2]

Noun

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lake(plurallakes)

  2. A large, landlocked stretch ofwateror similar liquid.
  3. A large amount ofliquid;as,awinelake.
    • 1991,Robert DeNiro(actor),Backdraft:
      So you punched out a window for ventilation. Was thatbeforeorafteryou noticed you were standing in alakeof gasoline?
  4. (now chieflydialectal)A smallstreamof runningwater;achannelfor water; adrain.
  5. (obsolete)Apit,orditch.
Usage notes
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As with the names ofrivers,mountsandmountains,the names of lakes are typically formed by adding the word before or after the unique term:Lake TiticacaorGreat Slave Lake.Generally speaking, names formed using adjectives or attributives seelakeadded to the end, as withReindeer Lake;lakeis usually added before proper names, as withLake Michigan.This derives from the earlier but now uncommon formlake of ~:for instance, the 19th-centuryLake of Annecyis now usually simplyLake Annecy.There are exceptions to this generalization, however, including notably the names of the individualFinger Lakes(e.g.OneidaLake,SenecaLake,CayugaLake). It frequently occurs, however, that foreign placenames are misunderstood as proper nouns, as with the ChineseTaihu(“Great Lake”)andQinghai(“Blue Sea”)being frequently rendered asLake TaiandQinghai Lake.

Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Seelake/translations § Noun.

See also

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Further reading

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  • lakeon Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • Astell, Ann W. (1999)Political Allegory in Late Medieval England,Cornell University Press,→ISBN,page192.
  • Cameron, Kenneth (1961)English Place Names,B. T. Batsford Limited,→ISBN,page164.
  • Ferguson, Robert (1858)English Surnames: And their Place in the Teutonic Family,G. Routledge & Co., page368.
  • Maetzner, Eduard Adolf Ferdinand (2009)An English Grammar; Methodical, Analytical, and Historical,BiblioBazaar, LLC,→ISBN,page200.
  • Rissanen, Matti (1992)History of Englishes: New Methods and Interpretations in Historical Linguistics,Walter de Gruyter,→ISBN,pages513–514.
  • Sisam, Kenneth (2009)Fourteenth Century Verse and Prose,BiblioBazaar,→ISBN.

Etymology 2

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FromNorthern Middle Englishlake,lak,lac(alsolaik,layke;Southernloke), fromOld Englishlāc(“play, sport, strife, battle, sacrifice, offering, gift, present, booty, message”),fromProto-West Germanic*laik,fromProto-Germanic*laikaz(“game, dance, hymn, sport”),fromProto-Indo-European*leyg-(“to bounce, shake, tremble”).Cognate withOld High Germanleih(“song, melody, music”),Old Norseleikr(whenceDanishleg(“game”),Swedishleka(“to play”)), andGothic𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃(laiks,“dance”);Doubletoflek.

Verb form partly fromMiddle Englishlaken,fromOld Englishlacan,fromProto-Germanic*laikaną,fromProto-Indo-European*leyg-.More atlay,-lock.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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EnglishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipedia

lake(plurallakes)

  1. (obsolete)Anoffering,sacrifice,gift.
  2. (dialectal)Play;sport;game;fun;glee.
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Verb

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lake(third-person singular simple presentlakes,present participlelaking,simple past and past participlelaked)

  1. (obsolete)Topresentanoffering.
  2. (dialectal,Northern,UK)Toleap,jump,exertoneself,play.
  3. Subjectbiologicalcellsto repeated cycles offreezingandthawinguntillysis.

Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Englishlake,fromOld English*lacenorMiddle Dutchlaken;both fromProto-Germanic*lakaną(“linen; cloth; sheet”).Cognate withDutchlake(“linen”),Dutchlaken(“linen; bedsheet”),GermanLaken,Danishlagan,Swedishlakan,Icelandiclak,lakan.

Noun

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lake(plurallakes)

  1. (obsolete)A kind of fine, whitelinen.

Etymology 4

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FromFrenchlaque(“lacquer”),fromPersianلاک(lâk),fromHindiलाख(lākh),fromSanskritलाक्षा(lākṣā).Doubletoflacandlacquer.

Noun

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lake(plurallakes)

  1. In dyeing and painting, an oftenfugitivecrimsonorvermilionpigment derived from an organic colorant (cochinealormadder,for example) and an inorganic, generally metallicmordant.
    Synonym:lac
    • 1997,Thomas Pynchon,chapter 24, inMason & Dixon,1st US edition, New York:Henry Holt and Company,→ISBN,part One: Latitudes and Departures,page242:
      Jeremiah found himself indoors, perfecting his Draftsmanship, bending all day over the work-table, grinding and mi xing his own Inks,— siftings and splashes ev'rywhere of King's Yellow, Azure, red Orpiment, Indianlake,Verdigris, Indigo, and Umber.
  2. In the composition of colors for use in products intended for human consumption, made by extending on a substratum of alumina, a salt prepared from one of the certified water-soluble straight colors.
    The name of alakeprepared by extending the aluminum salt prepared from FD&C Blue No. 1 upon the substratum would be FD&C Blue No. 1--AluminumLake.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Verb

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lake(third-person singular simple presentlakes,present participlelaking,simple past and past participlelaked)

  1. To make lake-red.

References

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  1. ^“lake,n.3.”,inOED Online⁠,Oxford:Oxford University Press,September 2021.
  2. ^Guus Kroonen (2013) “Lagu-”, inAlexander Lubotsky,editor,Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic(Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;11)‎[1],Leiden, Boston:Brill,→ISBN

Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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lake

  1. (dated or formal)singularpresentsubjunctiveoflaken

Anagrams

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Mauritian Creole

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Etymology

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FromFrenchqueue.

Noun

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lake

  1. tail
  2. queue

References

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  • Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. 1987.Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français

Norwegian Bokmål

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NorwegianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediano

Etymology 1

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FromLow Germanlake.

Noun

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lakem(definite singularlaken,indefinite plurallaker,definite plurallakene)

  1. (preservative)pickle,brine

Etymology 2

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NorwegianWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediano

FromOld Norselaki.

Noun

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lakem(definite singularlaken,indefinite plurallaker,definite plurallakene)

  1. (fish)burbot,eelpout(speciesLota lota)

Etymology 3

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As for Etymology 1.

Verb

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lake

  1. topickle,put inbrine

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian NynorskWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediann

Etymology 1

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FromLow Germanlake.

Noun

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lakem(definite singularlaken,indefinite plurallakar,definite plurallakane)

  1. (preservative)pickle,brine

Etymology 2

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Norwegian NynorskWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediann

FromOld Norselaki.

Noun

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lakem(definite singularlaken,indefinite plurallakar,definite plurallakane)

  1. (fish)burbot,eelpout(speciesLota lota)

Etymology 3

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As for Etymology 1.

Verb

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lake

  1. topickle,put inbrine

References

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Serbo-Croatian

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Adjective

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lake

  1. inflection oflak:
    1. masculineaccusativeplural
    2. femininegenitivesingular
    3. femininenominative/accusative/vocativeplural

Seychellois Creole

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Etymology

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FromFrenchqueue.

Noun

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lake

  1. tail
  2. queue

References

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  • Danielle D’Offay et Guy Lionnet,Diksyonner Kreol - Franse / Dictionnaire Créole Seychellois - Français

Swahili

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Adjective

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lake

  1. Ji classinflected form of-ake.

Swedish

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromMiddle Low Germanlâke(“brine; standing water”),fromOld Saxon*laca,fromProto-West Germanic*laku(“steam, pool”).[1][2]

Noun

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lakec

  1. brine
Declension
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Declension oflake
nominative genitive
singular indefinite lake lakes
definite laken lakens
plural indefinite lakar lakars
definite lakarna lakarnas

References

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  1. ^Hellquist, Elof(1922) “1. lake”, inSvensk etymologisk ordbok‎[2](in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag,page394
  2. ^“lake”,inSvenska Akademiens ordbok[Dictionary of the Swedish Academy]‎[3](in Swedish),1937

Etymology 2

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SwedishWikipediahas an article on:
Wikipediasv

FromOld Norselaki.[1][2]

Noun

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lakec

  1. burbot(Lota lotaspp.)
    Synonym:(colloquial)slemhelge
Declension
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Declension oflake
nominative genitive
singular indefinite lake lakes
definite laken lakens
plural indefinite lakar lakars
definite lakarna lakarnas

References

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  1. ^Hellquist, Elof(1922) “2. lake”, inSvensk etymologisk ordbok‎[4](in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag,pages394-395
  2. ^“lake”,inSvenska Akademiens ordbok[Dictionary of the Swedish Academy]‎[5](in Swedish),1937

Anagrams

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Turkish

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Etymology

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FromFrenchlaqué.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):/ˈla.ce/
  • Hyphenation:la‧ke

Adjective

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lake

  1. Polishedwithlacquer.

Declension

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predicative forms of lake
present tense
positive,
declarative 		positive,
interrogative 		negative,
declarative 		negative,
interrogative
ben(I am) lakeyim lake miyim? lake değilim lake değil miyim?
sen(you are) lakesin lake misin? lake değilsin lake değil misin?
o(he/she/it is) lake / lakedir lake mi? lake değil lake değil mi?
biz(we are) lakeyiz lake miyiz? lake değiliz lake değil miyiz?
siz(you are) lakesiniz lake misiniz? lake değilsiniz lake değil misiniz?
onlar(they are) lake(ler) lake(ler) mi? lake değil(ler) lake değiller mi?
past tense
positive,
declarative 		positive,
interrogative 		negative,
declarative 		negative,
interrogative
ben(I was) lakeydim lake miydim? lake değildim lake değil miydim?
sen(you were) lakeydin lake miydin? lake değildin lake değil miydin?
o(he/she/it was) lakeydi lake miydi? lake değildi lake değil miydi?
biz(we were) lakeydik lake miydik? lake değildik lake değil miydik?
siz(you were) lakeydiniz lake miydiniz? lake değildiniz lake değil miydiniz?
onlar(they were) lakeydiler lake miydiler? lake değildi(ler) / değillerdi lake değil miydiler?
indirect past
positive,
declarative 		positive,
interrogative 		negative,
declarative 		negative,
interrogative
ben(I was) lakeymişim lake miymişim? lake değilmişim lake değil miymişim?
sen(you were) lakeymişsin lake miymişsin? lake değilmişsin lake değil miymişsin?
o(he/she/it was) lakeymiş lake miymiş? lake değilmiş lake değil miymiş?
biz(we were) lakeymişiz lake miymişiz? lake değilmişiz lake değil miymişiz?
siz(you were) lakeymişsiniz lake miymişsiniz? lake değilmişsiniz lake değil miymişsiniz?
onlar(they were) lakeymişler lake miymişler? lake değilmiş(ler) / değillermiş lake değil miymişler?
conditional
positive,
declarative 		positive,
interrogative 		negative,
declarative 		negative,
interrogative
ben(if I) lakeysem lake miysem? lake değilsem lake değil miysem?
sen(if you) lakeysen lake miysen? lake değilsen lake değil miysen?
o(if he/she/it) lakeyse lake miyse? lake değilse lake değil miyse?
biz(if we) lakeysek lake miysek? lake değilsek lake değil miysek?
siz(if you) lakeyseniz lake miyseniz? lake değilseniz lake değil miyseniz?
onlar(if they) lakeyseler lake miyseler? lake değilseler / değillerse lake değil miyseler?
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References

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  1. ^Nişanyan, Sevan(2002–) “lake”,inNişanyan Sözlük

Further reading

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