Alaverdi Gospels

TheAlaverdi Gospels(Alaverdi Four Gospels) is aGeorgiangospel manuscript copied in the Georgian monastery ofBlack MountainKalipos in 1054^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]by the calligraphers Giorgi and John Dvali. It is the only Georgian manuscript to contain amandylion,an impression of the face of the Savior on a shroud. The cover, composed of leather and metal, is adorned with a painted icon of Jesus Christ. This icon was subsequently set into a silver-chased frame embellished with precious stones andcloisonné enamelimages of St. George, crafted in the 11th-12th century AD. Holy objects were traditionally stored in the sockets on the cover. The cover itself dates back to the late Middle Ages.^[6]^[7]^[8]

Ivane, the son ofLiparit Bagvashi,brought the book to Georgia in 1059 as a sign of obedience toBagrat IV.^[9]

High-qualityparchmentis used as writing material. contains 330 pages; The dimensions of the sheets are: 24X19 centimeters. It was written in bothNuskhuriandAsomatavruliscripts.^[10]

References

^Tvaltvadze, Darejan (2012-01-01),".TheManuscripts of Georgian Translations of theGospels from the BlackMountain",Textual Research on the Psalms and Gospels / Recherches textuelles sur les psaumes et les évangiles,Brill, pp. 213–229,ISBN 978-90-04-21443-9,retrieved2024-07-07
^Sakʻartʻvelos siżveleni(in Georgian). Sakʻartʻvelos kulturuli memkvidreobis sainpʻormacʻio cʻentri. 2006.
^Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Haarer, Fiona K.; Gilliland, Judith (2006).Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies: Abstracts of communications.Ashgate.ISBN 978-0-7546-5740-8.
^Ševčenko, Ihor; Litavrin, G. G.; Hanak, Walter K. (1996).Acts: XVIIIth International Congress of Byzantine Studies: Selected Papers, Main and Communications: Moscow, 1991.Byzantine Studies Press.ISBN 978-1-891781-02-5.
^Schwartz, Ellen C. (2021).The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Art and Architecture.Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-027735-2.
^Wiener, James Blake."The Alaverdi Gospels".World History Encyclopedia.Retrieved2024-07-07.
^Guscin, Mark (2022-09-06).Recent Studies on the Image of Edessa: Iconography, History and Theology.Cambridge Scholars Publishing.ISBN 978-1-5275-8731-1.
^Ciggaar, Krijna Nelly; Metcalf, David Michael (2006).East and West in the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean: Antioch from the Byzantine Reconquest Until the End of the Crusader Principality.Peeters Publishers. p. 21.ISBN 978-90-429-1735-4.
^ოსეფაშვილი, ლალი (2005).ქართულ ხელნაწერ ოთხთავთა თავფურწლის მინიატურების იკონოგრაფიული თავისებურებანი: ჯვარი, "ვედრება" IX-XII სს(in Georgian). გამომცემლობა "უნივერსალი".ISBN 978-99940-0-553-6.
^Ciggaar, Krijna Nelly; Metcalf, David Michael (2006).East and West in the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean: Antioch from the Byzantine Reconquest Until the End of the Crusader Principality.Peeters Publishers. p. 21.ISBN 978-90-429-1735-4.

[1] Tvaltvadze, Darejan (2012-01-01),".TheManuscripts of Georgian Translations of theGospels from the BlackMountain",Textual Research on the Psalms and Gospels / Recherches textuelles sur les psaumes et les évangiles,Brill, pp. 213–229,ISBN 978-90-04-21443-9,retrieved2024-07-07

[2] Sakʻartʻvelos siżveleni(in Georgian). Sakʻartʻvelos kulturuli memkvidreobis sainpʻormacʻio cʻentri. 2006.

[3] Jeffreys, Elizabeth; Haarer, Fiona K.; Gilliland, Judith (2006).Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies: Abstracts of communications.Ashgate.ISBN 978-0-7546-5740-8.

[4] Ševčenko, Ihor; Litavrin, G. G.; Hanak, Walter K. (1996).Acts: XVIIIth International Congress of Byzantine Studies: Selected Papers, Main and Communications: Moscow, 1991.Byzantine Studies Press.ISBN 978-1-891781-02-5.

[5] Schwartz, Ellen C. (2021).The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Art and Architecture.Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-027735-2.

[6] Wiener, James Blake."The Alaverdi Gospels".World History Encyclopedia.Retrieved2024-07-07.

[7] Guscin, Mark (2022-09-06).Recent Studies on the Image of Edessa: Iconography, History and Theology.Cambridge Scholars Publishing.ISBN 978-1-5275-8731-1.

[8] Ciggaar, Krijna Nelly; Metcalf, David Michael (2006).East and West in the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean: Antioch from the Byzantine Reconquest Until the End of the Crusader Principality.Peeters Publishers. p. 21.ISBN 978-90-429-1735-4.

[9] ოსეფაშვილი, ლალი (2005).ქართულ ხელნაწერ ოთხთავთა თავფურწლის მინიატურების იკონოგრაფიული თავისებურებანი: ჯვარი, "ვედრება" IX-XII სს(in Georgian). გამომცემლობა "უნივერსალი".ISBN 978-99940-0-553-6.

[10] Ciggaar, Krijna Nelly; Metcalf, David Michael (2006).East and West in the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean: Antioch from the Byzantine Reconquest Until the End of the Crusader Principality.Peeters Publishers. p. 21.ISBN 978-90-429-1735-4.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]