David Starr Jordan
David Starr Jordan | |
---|---|
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1st Chancellor ofStanford University | |
In office 1913 –1916 | |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | Ray Lyman Wilbur |
1st President ofStanford University | |
In office 1891 –1913 | |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | John C. Branner |
7th President ofIndiana University | |
In office 1884 –1891 | |
Preceded by | Lemuel Moss |
Succeeded by | John Merle Coulter |
Personal details | |
Born | Wyoming County, New York,U.S. | January 19, 1851
Died | September 19, 1931 Stanford, California,U.S. | (aged 80)
Spouses | Susan Bowen
(m.1875; died 1885)Jessie Knight (m.1887) |
Children | 6, includingEdith |
Alma mater | |
Profession | Ichthyologist, University President |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Ichthyology |
Institutions | |
Academic advisors | Andrew Dickson White |
Doctoral students | Charles Henry Gilbert |
Other notable students | |
Author abbrev. (zoology) | Jordan |
David Starr Jordan(January 19, 1851 – September 19, 1931) was the founding president ofStanford University,serving from 1891 to 1913. He was anichthyologistduring his research career. Prior to serving as president ofStanford University,he served as president ofIndiana Universityfrom 1884 to 1891.
Jordan was also a strong supporter ofeugenics,and his published views expressed a fear of "race-degeneration", asserting that cattle and human beings are "governed by the same laws of selection". He was anantimilitaristsince he believed that war killed off the best members of thegene pool,and he initially opposedAmerican involvement in World War I.[1][2][3]
Early life and education
[edit]Jordan was born inGainesville, New York,and grew up on a farm inupstate New York.His parents made an unorthodox decision to educate him at a local girls' high school.[4]His middle name, Starr, does not appear in early census records, and was apparently self-selected; he had begun using it by the time that he was enrolled at Cornell. He said that it was in honor of his mother's devotion to the ministerThomas Starr King.
He was inspired byLouis Agassizto pursue his studies inichthyology.He was part of the first freshman class of undergraduates atCornell University,where he graduated in 1872[5]with a master's degree inbotany.
In his autobiography,The Days of a Man,he wrote, "During the three years which followed [my entrance as a 'belated' freshman in March 1869], I completed all the requirements for a degree of Bachelor of Science, besides about two year of advanced work in Botany. Taking this last into consideration, the faculty conferred on me at graduation in June 1872, the advanced degree of Master of Science instead of the conventional Bachelor's Degree... it was afterward voted not to grant any second degree within a year after the Bachelor had been received. I was placed, quite innocently, in the position of being the only graduate of Cornell to merge two degrees into one." His master's thesis was on the topic "The Wild Flowers ofWyoming County".[6]
Jordan initially taughtnatural historycourses at several smallMidwesterncolleges and secondary schools, including atIndianapolis High School.
In 1875, while inIndianapolis,Jordan obtained aDoctor of Medicinedegree fromIndiana Medical Collegein 1875.[7]The Indiana Medical College in Indianapolis opened in 1869, but merged out of existence in 1878.[8]Standards at the college were not particularly high.[9]Jordan himself, reflecting on the experience noted that "I was also able to spend some time in the Medical College, from which, in the spring of 1875, I received the (scarcely earned) degree of Doctor of Medicine, though it had not at all been my intention to enter that profession."[10]The following year, in 1876, Jordan taughtcomparative anatomyat the college.[11]
Jordan also holds an honoraryPhD,[12][13]awarded to him byButler Universityin 1877.[14]
Career
[edit]In 1879, Jordan was accepted into the natural history faculty ofIndiana University Bloomington,where he served as a professor ofzoology.His teaching included his version ofeugenics,which "sought to prevent the decay of the Anglo-Saxon/Nordic race by limiting racial mixing and by preventing the reproduction of those he deemed unfit."[15]
Indiana University president
[edit]In 1885, he was named president of Indiana University and became the nation's youngest university president at only 34 and the first Indiana University president who was not an ordained minister.[16]
He improved the university's finances and public image, doubled its enrollment, and instituted an elective system; like Cornell's, it was an early application of the modern liberal arts curriculum.[4]
It was through studying blind cave fish that the Indiana zoologist David Starr Jordan rose to prominence. A scientist of great charisma, he would lead IU before being chosen in 1891 as the first president of Stanford University. By my time at IU, however, Jordan was locally best known for quipping that every time he learned the name of a student he forgot the name of a fish.[17]
Stanford University president
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In March 1891, he was approached byLelandandJane Stanford,who offered him the presidency ofLeland Stanford Junior University,which was about to open inCalifornia.Andrew Dickson White,the co-founder and firstpresidentofCornell University,who offered him the position, recommended Jordan to the Stanfords based on an educational philosophy fit with the Stanfords' vision of a nonsectarian co-educational school with a liberal arts curriculum. Jordan quickly accepted the offer,[4]arrived at Stanford in June 1891, and immediately set about recruiting faculty for the university's planned September opening. Pressed for time, he drew heavily on his own acquaintances; most of the 15 founding professors came either from Cornell or Indiana University. That first year at Stanford, Jordan was instrumental in establishing the university'sHopkins Marine Station.He served Stanford as president until 1913 and then chancellor until his retirement in 1916. The university decided not to renew his three-year-term as chancellor in 1916. As the years went on, Jordan became increasingly alienated from the university.[16]
While he was chancellor, he was elected president of theNational Education Association.[18]Jordan was a member in theBohemian Cluband theUniversity Club in San Francisco.[19]Jordan served as a director of theSierra Clubfrom 1892 to 1903.[20]He was elected to theAmerican Philosophical Societyin 1905.[21]
David Starr Jordan House
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In 1905, he was one of the first professors to build a summer home at the northeast corner of Camino Real and 7th Avenue, on what became known as "Professors' Row" inCarmel-by-the-Sea, California.He was good friends with Stanford University professor of entomologyVernon Lyman Kellogg,who also lived in Carmel.[22][23]
Eugenics
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Eugenics |
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In 1899, Jordan delivered an essay at Stanford on behalf of racial segregation and racial purity.[24]In the essay, Jordan claimed that "For a race of men or a herd of cattle are governed by the same laws of selection." Jordan expressed great fears and phobias for "race degeneration" that would result unless great endeavors were put forward to maintain "racial unity".
Eugenics-based argument against war
[edit]One of Jordan's main theses in the essay was that his goals for an ideal society are better engendered by peace than war. His argument against warfare contended that it is detrimental because it removes the strongest men from the gene pool.[25][26][27]Jordan asserted, "Future war is impossible because the nations cannot afford it."[28]As one commentator put it, "Though he found meager evidence to support his preconceptions, he still confidently asserted that 'always and everywhere, war means the reversal of natural selection.'"[3]: 79
Jordan was president of theWorld Peace Foundationfrom 1910 to 1914 and president of the World Peace Conference in 1915 and initially opposed American entry intoWorld War I[16]although he changed his position in 1917 after he became convinced that a German victory would threaten democracy.[3]
"The Blood of the Nation"
[edit]Soon after it was first delivered, the essay was published by theAmerican Unitarian Association(copyright 1902) under the main title of "The Blood of the Nation" and a subtitle of "A Study of the Decay of Races Through the Survival of the Unfit." Multiple editions of that version followed over the next few years.[29]
An expanded version of the essay was delivered in Philadelphia at the 200th anniversary ofBenjamin Franklin's birth in 1906 and printed by the American Philosophical Society. The following year, an expanded version of the original essay with an embossed cover was published byBeacon Pressin Boston under the new main title "The Human Harvest" and the same subtitle.[30]This new version was dedicated to Jordan's older brother Rufus, who had volunteered to fight in the American Civil War and, according to Jordan, was part of the "'Human Harvest' of 1862." Jordan's eugenic and anti-war views may have been in part shaped by the death of his brother in 1862 from a 'camp fever,' likely typhoid, immediately after enlisting to fight in the American civil war.[31]
In 1910, the original and slimmer version of the essay was again published by the American Unitarian Association in a "less expensive form to insure the widest possible distribution."[32]
In 1915, Jordan published an "extended treatise on the same subject" titledWar and Breedagain through theBeacon Pressin Boston.[33]Here Jordan defines and begins to employ the relatively recent term "eugenics" and its opposite "dysgenics".[34]
Human Betterment Foundation
[edit]After Jordan's death, theHuman Betterment Foundation,a political eugenics-advocacy organization that advocated forcompulsory sterilizationlegislation in the United States, published a newspaper advertisement claiming Jordan as one of its prominent members.[35]The Foundation publishedSterilization for Human Betterment,advocating for legislation that would compel sterilization of the disabled and violent felons, allow for anyone in the public to voluntarily seek medical sterilization, and legalize the use of contraception.
Role in apparent murder of Jane Stanford
[edit]In 1905, Jordan launched an apparent coverup of the murder ofJane Stanford.While vacationing inOahu,Stanford had suddenly died ofstrychnine poisoningaccording to the local coroner's jury. Jordan then sailed toHawaii,hired a physician to investigate the case, and declared she had in fact died ofheart failure,a condition whose symptoms bear no relationship to those that were actually observed.[36][37]His motive has been a subject of speculation. One possibility is that he was acting to protect the reputation of the university,[36][38]since its finances were precarious, and a scandal might have damaged fundraising. He had written the president of Stanford's board of trustees, offered several alternate explanations for Mrs. Stanford's death, and suggested to select whichever would be most suitable.[36]Since Mrs. Stanford had a difficult relationship with him and reportedly planned to remove him from his position at the university, he might also have had a personal motive to eliminate suspicions that might have swirled around an unsolved crime.[39]Jordan's version of Mrs. Stanford's demise[40]was largely accepted until the appearance of several publications in 2003 that emphasized the evidence that she was murdered.[36][38][39][41]
Retirement
[edit]In retirement, Jordan remained active, writing on ichthyology, world relations, peace, and his autobiography.[16]
Lifetime honors and awards
[edit]- 1877 Honorary Ph.D. awarded byButler University[42]
- 1886 Honorary LL.D. awarded byCornell University[43][44]
- 1902 Honorary LL.D. awarded byJohns Hopkins University[45]
- 1909 Honorary LL.D. awarded byIndiana University[46]
Skepticism
[edit]Although a proponent of eugenics, Jordan was skeptical of certain otherpseudoscientificclaims. He coined the term "sciosophy" to describe the "systematized ignorance" of the pseudoscientist.[47][48]His later work,The Higher Foolishness,inspired the philosopherMartin Gardnerto write his treatise onscientific skepticism,Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science.[47]However, Gardner noted that "the book is infuriating because although Jordan mentions the titles of dozens of crank works, from which he quotes extensively, he seldom tells you the names of the authors."[47]
Personal life
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Jordan married Susan Bowen (1845–1885), a biologist and a graduate ofMount Holyoke College,whom he met at Louis Agassiz's Penikese Island Summer School of Science, in her hometown ofPeru, Massachusetts,on March 10, 1875. She died at age 39, after 10 years of marriage, following a brief illness. Bowen was six years Jordan's senior. They had three children: the educatorEdith Monica(1877–1965), Harold Bowen (1882–1959), and Thora (1884–1886).[49]
Jordan later married Jessie Knight (1866–1952) in 1887. At the time of their marriage, two years after his first wife's death, Knight was 21 years old and Jordan was 36. They met while he was serving as president of Indiana University. He and his second wife had three children: Knight Starr (1888–1947), Barbara (1891–1900), and Eric Knight (1903–1926).[7][4][50]
Two of his daughters, Thora and Barbara, died in childhood.[51]His son Eric died in 1926 at age 22 in a traffic accident nearGilroy,California.[52][53]Eric had participated in a paleontological expedition to theRevillagigedo Islandsand was considering an academic career.[54]
Death
[edit]On September 19, 1931, Jordan died at his home on theStanford Universitycampus after suffering a series of strokes over two years.[55]
Monuments and memorials
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Geographical landmarks
[edit]- Jordan Lakein theUinta MountainsinUtahat40°42′18″N110°47′49″W/ 40.705°N 110.797°W[56]
- Mount Jordan,a 4,067 m (13,343 ft) mountain peak inTulare County, California,located on the crest of the Kings-Kern divide of the west slope of the Sierra Nevadas at36°25′N118°16′W/ 36.41°N 118.27°Wwas named in 1926 in honor of Jordan by theUnited States Geographic Boardat the behest of theSierra Club.[57]Jordan commented that it was not the first mountain named in his honor since the first such mountain did not retain his name since it already had a name.[58]
In July 2020, the president of theSierra Clubdenounced Jordan and its other early leaders for being "vocal advocates for white supremacy and its pseudo-scientific arm, eugenics." The president also announced, "We will also spend the next year studying our history and determining which of our monuments need to be renamed or pulled down entirely." It is not yet clear how their reassessment would affect the status of Mount Jordan, which the club had helped to name in 1926, or that of other geographic features that bear Jordan's name.[59]
Namesake Tree
[edit]The David Starr Jordan "Namesake Tree" at theUniversity of Hawaiʻi at MānoaCampus Arboretum, an Indian rubber tree, known asFicus elastica,was given to Jordan at the outset of a trip toJapan,and planted by him on December 11, 1922,[60]now listed as an Exceptional Tree of Hawai‘i.[61]
Fishery research vessel
[edit]In 1966, the fisheriesresearch shipDavid Starr Jordanwas commissioned for service with theUnited States Fish and Wildlife Service'sBureau of Commercial Fisheries.The ship later served in theNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationfleet asNOAASDavid Starr Jordan(R 444)[62]before it was decommissioned in 2010[63]and sold to a private company, who renamed it the R/VOcean Starr.[64]
Schools named or formerly named for David Starr Jordan
[edit]During the early 20th century several schools were named after him or in his honor. However, after 2018, most of them were renamed, as his eugenics activities became well known.
- David Starr Jordan High School inLos Angeles,was established in 1923; in 2020 the name was shortened toJordan High Schoolto remove the reference to him while keeping "Jordan" as a generic legacy name for alumni.[65][66]
- Jordan High SchoolinLong Beach,California, established in 1934,[67]was still named for him when the school district last explored its possible renaming in mid-2020.[68][69]Three years later, a Long Beach middle school teacher tried to get the school board to restart the renaming process in October 2023, but nothing resulted from the attempt.[70]
- Jordan Middle School inPalo Alto,California, established in 1937, was renamed in 2018 for African-American memory chip inventorFrank S. Greene.[71][72][73]
- David Starr Jordan Middle School inBurbank,California, established in the 1940s, was renamed in 2021 for labor leader and civil rights activistDolores Huerta.[74][75]
Campus buildings
[edit]Since Jordan was closely associated with bothIndiana UniversityandStanford University,both schools named buildings and other campus features after him. However, as his reputation became more controversial in the 2020s, they acted to remove Jordan's name from their respective campuses.
Stanford University
[edit]Stanford honored its former president in 1917 by renaming its zoology building, built in 1899, to Jordan Hall.[76]Other campus features were named Jordan Quad, Jordan Modulars, and Jordan Way. In October 2020 the Stanford Board of Trustees voted unanimously, on the recommendation of an advisory committee, to remove Jordan's name from all four facilities. The former Jordan Hall was to be referred to as Building 420 until a permanent name could be selected sometime the following year. Stanford PresidentMarc Tessier-Lavignewas charged to rename Jordan Quad and Jordan Modulars; however, Tessier-Lavigne was not able to accomplish this task before he left Stanford in 2023. The advisory committee also recommended that the renaming of Jordan Way, a street on the medical campus, "may take place during the course of ongoing construction and planning."[77][78][79]
Indiana University
[edit]When Indiana University built a new building for its biology department in 1956, the building was named in honor of Jordan, its former president and biology faculty member.[80][81][82]In October 2020 the Indiana University Board of Trustees voted overwhelmingly to remove Jordan's name from the biology building as well as a parking garage and a "river" (actually a small creek) that runs through the center of the campus. Jordan's name was stripped from these places immediately after the trustee meeting had concluded, and they were given temporary, generic names to be used until permanent names could be selected the following year. Jordan Hall, the Jordan River and the Jordan Avenue Parking Garage became respectively the Biology Building, the Campus River, and the East Parking Garage.[83][84][85]In August 2021, staff members of the Biology Department sent a petition to the new IU PresidentPamela Whittenurging the university leadership to rename the Biology Building in honor of James P. Holland, an African-American IU alumnus, award-winning former faculty member and endocrinologist who died in 1998.[86][87]
Indiana President PresidentMichael McRobbierequested the University Naming Committee to work with thecity of Bloomingtonto find a name as a replacement for Jordan Avenue, a thoroughfare that is owned in part by IU and in part by the city.[88]As of October 2020[update],there were calls in the Bloomington City Council for Jordan Avenue to be renamed.[89]In April 2021, the Mayor of Bloomington created a seven-member task force to investigate possible replacement names for Jordan Avenue.[90]In September 2021, the City of Bloomington Plan Commission announced that it approved the renaming of Jordan Avenue to Eagleson Avenue while IU is in the process of renaming its section of the street to Fuller Lane pending approval by the IU Renaming Committee and IU's board of trustees. The city planned to complete their street renaming by February 2022. Both new street names honor prominent African-American families who moved to Bloomington after being born into slavery.[91]In December 2021, IU's board of trustees reconsidered their decision to rename the university's section of the street as Fuller Lane by adopting Eagleson Avenue as the new name for the University-owned section of Jordan Avenue.[92][93]
As of October 2024[update],Indiana University South Bendcampus has a scholarship named in honor of Jordan that enables its students to study outside of the United States for a short period.[94]
Cornell's David Starr Jordan Prize (1986–2020)
[edit]Starting in 1986, the David Starr Jordan Prize was funded as a joint endowment byCornell University,Indiana University,andStanford University.Every three years it was awarded to a young scientist (under 40 years) who made contributions in one of Jordan's interests of evolution, ecology, population or organismal biology.[95]The prize was last awarded in 2015 to a biology professor at the University of Texas at Austin.[96]
As Jordan's reputation became more controversial over his support of eugenics, and particularly after the removal of Jordan's name from buildings on the campuses of Stanford and Indiana universities in 2020, there were calls to rename the prize. The prize was officially discontinued in 2020 and the endowment funds were returned to their respective universities.[97]
Papers
[edit]Jordan's papers are housed atStanford University.[98]
Works
[edit]Books
[edit]- Jordan, David Starr (1876).Manual of the Vertebrates of the Northern United States.Chicago: Jansen, McClurg, & Company.OCLC1159743845– viaGoogle Books.
- Jordan, David Starr; Brayton, Alembert Winthrop (1877).Contributions to North American Ichthyology.Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.OCLC1111892026– viaGoogle Books.
- (1882).Synopsis of the Fishes of North America.
- (1885).A Catalogue of the Fishes Known to Inhabit the Waters of North America.
- (1887).Science Sketches.
- (1888).The Value of Higher Education.
- (1895).The Factors in Organic Evolution.
- (1895).The Fishes of Puget Sound.
- (1895).The Fishes of Sinaloa.
- Jordan, David Starr (1895).The Story of the Innumerable Company.San Francisco: Whitaker & Ray Company.OCLC1038493650– viaProject Gutenberg.
- Jordan, David Starr (1896).The Care and Culture of Men: A Series of Addresses on the Higher Education.San Francisco: Whitaker & Ray-Wiggin Company.OCLC1041603588– viaGoogle Books.
- (1896–1900).The Fishes of North and Middle America[four vols.]
- (1897).Matka and Kotik.
- (1898).The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean.
- Jordan, David Starr (1898).Footnotes to Evolution.D. Appleton.OCLC7391851152– viaGoogle Books.
- (1899).The Book of Knight and Barbara.
- Jordan, David Starr (1907) [1899].California and the Californians.San Francisco: A. M. Robertson.OCLC213790638– viaArchive.org.
- Jordan, David Starr (1898).Imperial democracy.Boston: Women's Education & Industrial Union.OCLC1189741706– viaGoogle Books.
- Jordan, David Starr (1899).The Question of the Philippines.Palo Alto: Graduate Club of Leland Stanford Junior University.OCLC1190063035– viaGoogle Books.
- (1899).The True Basis of Economics[with J.H. Stallard].
- (1900).Animal Life: A First Book of Zoology[withVernon L. Kellog].
- Jordan, David Starr (1900).The Strength of Being Morally Clean.Boston: H.M. Caldwell Company.OCLC697581156– viaArchive.org.
- (1902).American Food and Game Fishes[withB. W. Evermann]
- (1902).Animal Forms: A Text-Book of Zoology.
- Jordan, David Starr (1902).The Blood of the Nation(1910, expanded ed.). Boston: American Unitarian Association.OCLC867059830– viaGoogle Books.
- Jordan, David Starr (1902).The Philosophy of Despair.OCLC1126018479– viaProject Gutenberg.
- (1903).Animal Studies[withVernon L. Kellogand Harold Heath].
- (1903).The Training of a Physician.
- (1903).The Voice of the Scholar.
- (1904).The Wandering Host.
- (1905).The Aquatic Resources of the Hawaiian Islands.
- (1905).A Guide to the Study of Fishes.
- (1905).The Fish Fauna of the Tortugas Archipelago[with Dr.Joseph Cheesman Thompson,published for the US Bureau of Fisheries].
- (1906).The Fishes of Samoa.
- (1906).Life's Enthusiasms.
- (1907).The Alps of King-Kern Divide.
- (1907).The California Earthquake of 1906.
- (1907).College and the Man.
- (1907).Evolution and Animal Life[withVernon L. Kellog].
- (1907).Fishes.
- (1907).Fishes of the Islands of Luzon and Panay.
- Jordan, David Starr (1907).The Human Harvest: A Study of the Decay of Races Through the Survival of the Unfit.Boston: The Beacon Press.ISBN9780824002640.OCLC15615394– viaGoogle Books.(An expansion ofThe Blood of a Nation.)
- (1908).Description of Three New Species of Carangoid Fishes from Formosa.
- (1908).The Fate of Iciodorum.
- (1908).Fish Stories: Alleged and Experienced.
- (1908).The Higher Sacrifice.
- (1908).The Scientific Aspects of Luther Burbank's Work[withVernon L. Kellog].
- (1909).A Catalog of the Fishes of Formosa.
- (1909).The Religion of a Sensible American.
- (1909).Fish stories alleged and experienced, with a little history natural and unnatural[withCharles Frederick Holder]
- Jordan, David Starr (1910).The Call of the Nation: A Plea for Taking Politics Out of Politics.Boston: American Unitarian Association.OCLC645108940– viaArchive.org.
- (1910).Check-List of Species of Fishes Known from the Philippine Archipelago[with Robert Earl Richardson].
- (1910).Leading American Men of Science.
- (1910).The Woman and the University.
- (1910).Work of the International Fisheries Commission of Great Britain and the United States.
- Jordan, David Starr (1911).The Heredity of Richard Roe: A Discussion of the Principles of Eugenics.Boston: American Unitarian Association.OCLC808257564– viaGoogle Books.
- (1911).The Stability of Truth.
- (1912).The Practical Education.
- (1912).The Story of a Good Woman: Jane Lathrop Stanford.
- (1912).Syllabus of Lectures on International Conciliation.
- (1912).Unseen Empire.
- (1912). "The Initiative and Referendum". The National Economic League. Boston, MA
- (1913).America's Conquest of Europe.
- (1913).A Catalog of the Fishes Known from the Waters of Korea.
- (1913).Naval Waste.
- (1913).War and Waste.
- (1913).What Shall We Say?
- (1914).Record of Fishes Obtained in Japan in 1911.
- (1914).War's Aftermath[with Harvey Ernest Jordan].
- Jordan, David Starr (1915).The Foundation Ideals of Stanford University.Stanford University.OCLC21500886– viaGoogle Books.
- Jordan, David Starr (1922) [1915].War and the Breed: The Relation of War to the Downfall of Nations.Younkers-on-Hudson: World Book Company.OCLC1019453204– viaGoogle Books.A further extended and updated version of earlier worksThe Blood of a NationandThe Human Harvest.
- Jordan, David Starr (1916).Ways to Lasting Peace.Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Company.OCLC826648796– viaArchive.org.
- Jordan, David Starr (1916).What of Mexico?.New York City: The Mexican-American League.OCLC16433936– viaArchive.org.
- (1916).World Peace and the College Man.
- (1917).The Genera of Fishes.
- (1918).Democracy and World Relations.
- (1919).Fossil Fishes of Southern California.
- (1919).Studies in Ichthyology[withCarl Leavitt Hubbs].
- (1920).Fossil Fishes of Diatom Beds of Lompoc, California.
- (1922).Days of a Man[autobiography in two volumes]
- Jordan, David Starr (1922).The Days of a Man: Being Memories of a Naturalist, Teacher, and Minor Prophet of Democracy.Vol. 1 (1851–1899). World Book Company.OCLC1181355797– viaGoogle Books.
- Jordan, David Starr (1922).The Days of a Man: Being Memories of a Naturalist, Teacher, and Minor Prophet of Democracy.Vol. 2 (1900–1921). World Book Company.OCLC1181408196– viaGoogle Books.
- Jordan, David Starr; Jordan, Eric Knight (1922).A List of the Fishes of Hawaii: With notes and descriptions of new species.Pittsburgh: Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum.OCLC964874266– viaArchive.org.
- The Higher Foolishness, with Hints as to the Care & Culture of Aristocracy.Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Company. 1927.hdl:2027/mdp.39015005107092.OCLC2572248.hdl:2027/mdp.39015005107092– via HathiTrust.
- (1929).Your Family Tree.
Selected articles
[edit]- Jordan, David Starr (1893)."The Educational Ideas of Leland Stanford".Educational Review.6:136–143 – viaHathiTrust.
- Jordan, David Starr (1902). "Certain Problems of Democracy in Hawaii".Out West.16:25, 239.
- Jordan, David Starr (1905)."The origin of species through isolation".Science.22(566):545–562.Bibcode:1905Sci....22..545S.doi:10.1126/science.22.566.545.PMID17832412.
- Jordan, David Starr (1906)."The Trout and Salmon of the Pacific Coast".The Pacific Monthly.15:379–389 – viaArchive.org.
- Jordan, David Starr; Clark, George A. (1906)."Pelagic Sealing and the Fur Seal Herd".The Pacific Monthly.15(6):517–522 – viaArchive.org.
- Jordan, David Starr (1906)."Stanford University and the Earthquake of April 18, 1906".The Pacific Monthly.15(6):635–646.
- Jordan, David Starr (1907)."The Present Status of Darwinism".The Dial.43(July/December):161–163 – viaArchive.org.
- Jordan, David Starr (1913)."The Interlocking Directorates of War".The World's Work.26:277–279 – viaArchive.org.
Miscellany
[edit]- Jordan, David Starr (1893)."Temperature and Vertebræ: A Study in Evolution".The Wilder Quarter-Century Book.Ithaca, N.Y.: Comstock Publishing, Co. – viaArchive.org.
- Jordan, David Starr (1912)."Foreword".InBaron d'Estournelles de Constant(ed.).Woman in the United States.San Francisco, Cal.: A.M. Robertson – viaArchive.org.
- Jordan, David Starr (1912)."Relations of Japan and the United States".Japan and Japanese-American Relations.New York: G.E. Stechert and Company – viaArchive.org.
Eponymy
[edit]Numerous genera and species bear the name Jordan.
Genera: JordaniaStarks, 1895,DavidijordaniaPopov, 1931,andJordanellaGoode&Bean,1879
Species:
- Agonomalus jordaniJordan & Starks, 1904.
- Agonomalus jordaniSchmidt, 1904.
- Allocareproctus jordani(Burke, 1930).
- Astyanax jordani(Hubbs & Innes, 1936).
- Coelorinchus jordaniSmith & Pope, 1906.
- Caulophryne jordaniGoode&Bean,1896.
- Chimaera jordaniTanaka, 1905.
- Charal,Chirostoma jordaniWoolman, 1894.
- Jordan's tuskfish,Choerodon jordani(Snyder, 1908).
- Flame wrasse,Cirrhilabrus jordaniSnyder, 1904.
- Smooth lumpfish,Cyclopteropsis jordaniSoldatov, 1929.
- Diplacanthopoma jordaniGarman,1899.
- Dusisiren jordani(Kellogg, 1925).
- Mimic triplefin,Enneanectes jordani(Evermann & Marsh, 1899).
- Petrale sole,Eopsetta jordani(Lockington, 1879).
- Greenbreast darter,Etheostoma jordaniGilbert, 1891.
- Gadella jordani(J. E. Böhlke& Mead, 1951).
- Yellow Irish lord,Hemilepidotus jordaniBean,1881.
- Brokenline lanternfish,Lampanyctus jordaniGilbert, 1913.
- Legionella jordanis[99]
- Jordan's snapper,Lutjanus jordani(Gilbert, 1898).
- Shortjaw eelpout,Lycenchelys jordani(Evermann & Goldsborough, 1907).
- Malthopsis jordaniGilbert, 1905.
- Gulf grouper,Mycteroperca jordani(Jenkins & Evermann, 1889).
- Neosalanx jordaniWakiya & Takahashi, 1937.
- Patagonotothen jordani(Thompson, 1916).
- Ptychidio jordaniMyers, 1930.
- Northern ronquil,Ronquilus jordani(Gilbert, 1889).
- Shortbelly rockfish,Sebastes jordani(Gilbert, 1896).
- Jordan's damsel,Teixeirichthys jordani(Rutter, 1897).
- Jordan's sculpin,Triglops jordani(Schmidt, 1903).
Taxa described by him
[edit]References
[edit]- ^"David Starr Jordan '72"(PDF).Cornell Alumni News.I(6): 39, 43. May 10, 1899.Archived(PDF)from the original on February 12, 2019.RetrievedJune 15,2014.
- ^David Starr JordanThe Blood of the Nation: A Study of the Decay of Races through the Survival of the Unfit.(copyright 1902, reprinted 1910)p 12ArchivedOctober 30, 2020, at theWayback Machine.The term "race" occurs more than 30 times in the short book. The term "eugenics" is not in there, but the basic concept is described.
- ^abcAbrahamson, James L (1976)."David Starr Jordan and American Antimilitarism".The Pacific Northwest Quarterly.67(2): 76–87 [79].JSTOR40489774.
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- ^Cornell University (1922).Cornell alumni directory, containing the foundation, history, and government of the University; the principal alumni organizations; a directory of the alumni.Cornell University Library. Ithaca, N.Y.
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{{cite book}}
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{{cite book}}
:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^Guérard, Albert (1926). "Eric Knight Jordan".Sigma Xi Quarterly.14(2):55–56.
- ^Guérard, Albert (1926). "Eric Knight Jordan, 1903–1926".Copeia.152(152): S1.Bibcode:1926Sci....63..327G.doi:10.1126/science.63.1630.327.JSTOR1437277.PMID17810424.
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David Starr Jordan, chancellor emeritus of Stanford university, died at 9:45 a.m. today. A stroke suffered yesterday, his fifth in two years, hastened the noted educator's death. Mrs. Jordan, a son and a daughter, were at the bedside when death came.
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- ^"School Will Bear Name of David Starr Jordan".Indianapolis Star.January 2, 1934. p. 12.ProQuest1890057301.
David Starr Jordan is the name for the high school to be built soon at North Long Beach.
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- ^Kelly, Kevin (March 28, 2018)."Palo Alto: Middle schools to be named after Frank Greene Jr., Ellen Fletcher: Terman Middle School will be renamed in honor of Ellen Fletcher, Jordan Middle will be renamed after Frank Greene Jr., putting end to controversy".San Jose Mercury News.Archivedfrom the original on July 1, 2018.RetrievedJuly 1,2018.
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- ^Peacock, Chris (October 7, 2020)."Stanford will rename campus spaces named for David Starr Jordan and relocate statue depicting Louis Agassiz: President Marc Tessier-Lavigne and the Board of Trustees approved a campus committee's recommendation both to remove Jordan's name from campus spaces and to take steps to make his multifaceted history better known. Stanford also will relocate a statue of Agassiz".Stanford News.Archivedfrom the original on October 15, 2020.RetrievedOctober 16,2020.
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The David Starr Jordan Hall of Biology, a $3,800,000 building to house natural science classrooms and laboratories, will be dedicated Friday afternoon on the Indiana University campus. The building is named for a 19th century Zoology professor who became president of the university.
- ^Kimberling, Clark."David Starr Jordan Landmarks on the campus of Indiana University, Bloomington".University of Evansville.Archivedfrom the original on August 5, 2012.
- ^"Jordan River".Indiana Alumni Magazine.Vol. 18. June 1956. p. 7.
- ^Reschke, Michael (October 2, 2020)."IU board approves removing Jordan name from building, river, parking garage".The Herald-Times.Archivedfrom the original on April 24, 2021.RetrievedOctober 3,2020.
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- ^"President McRobbie to recommend removal of Jordan namings on IU Bloomington campus".IU News.September 24, 2020.Archivedfrom the original on October 3, 2020.RetrievedOctober 3,2020.
- ^Askins, Dave (October 8, 2020)."Taliaferro Avenue floated as new name for city street that cuts through IU campus, part of effort to remove Jordan namings".B Square Beacon.Archivedfrom the original on October 22, 2020.RetrievedOctober 21,2020.
- ^Pebworth, Hugh (April 22, 2021)."City of Bloomington to rename Jordan Avenue, create task force with IU".Indiana Daily Student.Archivedfrom the original on May 1, 2021.RetrievedMay 1,2021.
- ^Garber, Cameron (September 15, 2021)."City of Bloomington to rename Jordan Avenue after important African American family".Indiana Daily Student.Archivedfrom the original on September 16, 2021.RetrievedSeptember 16,2021.
- ^Feickert, Beth (December 3, 2021)."Jordan Avenue to be renamed in honor of Eagleson family".Indisana University.Archivedfrom the original on December 4, 2021.RetrievedDecember 4,2021.
- ^Gilley, Sean (December 3, 2021)."IU-owned section of Jordan Avenue to be renamed Eagleson Avenue".Indiana Daily Student.Archivedfrom the original on December 4, 2021.RetrievedDecember 4,2021.
- ^"International Study Abroad Scholarship Application"(PDF).Indiana University South Bend.January 17, 2019.Archived(PDF)from the original on July 11, 2021.RetrievedOctober 10,2024.
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- ^"IU, Stanford and Cornell name Jordan Prize recipient".Indiana Daily Student.February 10, 2015.Archivedfrom the original on October 19, 2020.RetrievedOctober 18,2020.
- ^"Front side of The David Starr Jordan Prize".Archives Photograph Collection.Indiana University Bloomington.Archivedfrom the original on January 19, 2021.RetrievedMarch 13,2021.
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- ^Cherry, W B; Gorman, G W; Orrison, L H; Moss, C W; Steigerwalt, A G; Wilkinson, H W; Johnson, S E; McKinney, R M; Brenner, D J (February 1982)."Legionella jordanis:a new species ofLegionellaisolated from water and sewage ".J Clin Microbiol.15(2):290–297.doi:10.1128/JCM.15.2.290-297.1982.PMC272079.PMID7040449.
Further reading
[edit]- Burns, Edward McNall (1953).David Starr Jordan: Prophet of Freedom.Stanford, California:Stanford University Press.OCLC1728813.
- Dickason, David H. (1941). "David Starr Jordan as a Literary Man".Indiana Magazine of History.37(4):345–358.JSTOR27787272.
- Dickason, David H. (1942). "A Note on Jack London and David Starr Jordan".Indiana Magazine of History.38(4):407–410.JSTOR27787335.
- Evermann, Barton Warren (1930). "David Starr Jordan, the Man".Copeia.1930(4):93–106.doi:10.2307/1436463.JSTOR1436463.
- Hays, Alice N. (1953).David Starr Jordan: A Bibliography of His Writings 1871–1931.Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.OCLC878894639.
- Hubbs, Carl L. (1964). "David Starr Jordan".Systematic Zoology.13(4):195–200.doi:10.2307/2411779.JSTOR2411779.
- Ramsey, Paul J (2004). "Building A 'Real' University in the Woodlands of Indiana: The Jordan Administration, 1885-1891".American Educational History Journal.31(1):20–28.
External links
[edit]- Works by David Starr JordanatProject Gutenberg
- Works by or about David Starr Jordanat theInternet Archive
- Works by David Starr JordanatLibriVox(public domain audiobooks)
- Works by David Starr Jordan,atJSTOR
- Works by David Starr Jordan,atHathi Trust
- History of Stanford motto, with Jordan bio info
- Biography, Smithsonian website (archive.org)
- Cover ofTimemagazine, June 8, 1931
- David Starr Jordan papers, 1874-1929, Indiana University Archives
- Indiana University President's Office records, 1884-1891, Indiana University Archives
- 1851 births
- 1931 deaths
- 19th-century American male writers
- 19th-century American biologists
- 19th-century American writers
- 20th-century American non-fiction writers
- 19th-century American zoologists
- 20th-century American zoologists
- 20th-century American male writers
- American ichthyologists
- Activists from California
- American autobiographers
- American eugenicists
- American science writers
- American skeptics
- American social sciences writers
- American taxonomists
- American white supremacists
- Sierra Club directors
- Presidents of Stanford University
- Presidents of Indiana University
- American anti-war activists
- Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences alumni
- Indiana University School of Medicine alumni
- People from Gainesville, New York
- Scientists from California
- American male non-fiction writers
- Indiana University faculty
- Racial segregation
- Proponents of scientific racism
- Members of the American Philosophical Society
- Delta Upsilon members