Longnan
Longnan
Lũng nam thị | |
|---|---|
 | |
 Location of Longnan City jurisdiction in Gansu | |
| Coordinates (Longnan municipal government):33°22′13″N104°57′37″E/ 33.3702°N 104.9603°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Gansu |
| Municipal seat | Wudu District |
| Area | |
| •Prefecture-level city | 27,000 km2(10,000 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
| •Prefecture-level city | 2,855,555 |
| • Density | 110/km2(270/sq mi) |
| •Urban | 870,878 |
| •Rural | 1,536,394 |
| GDP[2] | |
| •Prefecture-level city | CN¥31.5 billion US$5.1 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 12,172 US$ 1,954 |
| Time zone | UTC+8(China Standard) |
| Postal code | 742500 |
| Area code | 0939 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-GS-12 |
| Licence plate prefixes | Cam K |
| Website | www |
Longnan(simplified Chinese:Lũng nam;traditional Chinese:Lũng nam;pinyin:Lǒngnán;lit.' "south ofMount Long"[3]') is aprefecture-level cityin the southeast ofGansuprovince inChina.It bordersSichuanon its south andShaanxion its east. As of the2020 Chinese census,the population of the prefecture-level city was 2,855,555.[1]
Geography and climate
[edit]Longnan is in southern Gansu province bordering Shaanxi in the east and Sichuan in the south. It is called Gansu's southern gateway and gateway tothe northwest.The major geographic features in Longnan are the Qinba Mountains in the east, the Loess Plateau in the north, and the Tibetan Plateau in the west. It is part of the Central Han basin in the east and theSichuan basinin the south. Elevations range from 800 to 4,200 m (2,620 to 13,780 ft) above sea level. The three major rivers in Longnan are theBailong,theBaishui,and theJialing.Besides these major rivers there are more than 3800 streams and creeks. The annual flow from all of these rivers and streams is more than 28 billion m3.The area of the prefecture is 27,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi).
Longnan has a temperate,monsoon-influencedsemi-arid climate(KöppenBSk/BSh,depending on the source definition), with cool and very dry winters and hot, moderately humid summers. Due to the protected valley location and the southerly location in the province, the area is one of the warmest in Gansu, with annual temperatures ranging from 10 to 15 °C (50 to 59 °F). The annual precipitation is 400 to 1,000 mm (16 to 39 in), while there are between 160 and 280 frost free days. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 34% in September and October to 53% in December, the city receives 1,850 sunlight hours annually. Two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September. At Wudu, the monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 3.7 °C (38.7 °F) in January to 25.2 °C (77.4 °F) in July, the annual mean is 14.94 °C (58.9 °F), and the annual precipitation is 461 mm (18.1 in).
| Climate data for Longnan (Wudu District), elevation 1,079 m (3,540 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.3 (59.5) |
21.6 (70.9) |
29.2 (84.6) |
33.2 (91.8) |
35.7 (96.3) |
37.6 (99.7) |
38.3 (100.9) |
38.6 (101.5) |
37.0 (98.6) |
29.2 (84.6) |
23.0 (73.4) |
17.3 (63.1) |
38.6 (101.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.5 (47.3) |
11.9 (53.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
29.4 (84.9) |
31.3 (88.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
25.2 (77.4) |
19.8 (67.6) |
15.1 (59.2) |
9.6 (49.3) |
20.7 (69.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
16.7 (62.1) |
20.3 (68.5) |
23.5 (74.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
24.9 (76.8) |
20.4 (68.7) |
15.3 (59.5) |
10.3 (50.5) |
4.8 (40.6) |
15.3 (59.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) |
3.3 (37.9) |
7.4 (45.3) |
12.0 (53.6) |
15.5 (59.9) |
19.0 (66.2) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
6.7 (44.1) |
1.1 (34.0) |
11.4 (52.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7.5 (18.5) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
10.1 (50.2) |
14.8 (58.6) |
12.3 (54.1) |
8.4 (47.1) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 1.6 (0.06) |
2.9 (0.11) |
14.0 (0.55) |
34.7 (1.37) |
67.3 (2.65) |
65.8 (2.59) |
84.5 (3.33) |
78.8 (3.10) |
70.4 (2.77) |
42.6 (1.68) |
7.2 (0.28) |
0.6 (0.02) |
470.4 (18.51) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.9 | 2.6 | 6.9 | 9.0 | 13.1 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 12.8 | 12.1 | 4.2 | 0.9 | 97.3 |
| Average snowy days | 4.5 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 10.1 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 49 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 54 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 67 | 67 | 58 | 51 | 56 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 146.0 | 129.5 | 155.0 | 181.2 | 191.4 | 174.8 | 197.9 | 195.2 | 127.9 | 124.8 | 142.9 | 155.9 | 1,922.5 |
| Percentpossible sunshine | 46 | 41 | 41 | 46 | 44 | 41 | 46 | 48 | 35 | 36 | 46 | 51 | 43 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[4][5][6] | |||||||||||||
History
[edit]Longnan was settled by humans at least 7000 years ago. Between 5000 and 6000 years ago, civilizations developed along theXihan( "Western Han" ) andBailong( "White Dragon" ) rivers. Anping in Wudu as well asLixianboth have ancient ruins. Longnan is very important in Chinese history: it was the home ofRong tribesthat troubled theShangandZhoudynastiesand is considered the homeland of theHouse of Ying,the family of theQin dynastythat united China at the end of theWarring States period.Wudu County was even founded as part of the Qin Empire. It is still common to findQinartifacts—including pottery, bronzes, and coins—in the area.
During theSixteen Kingdomsperiod, the region was ruled by theQiangkingdoms ofLater Qinand Tanchang, the latter has its capital in present-dayTanchang.Tanchang is conquered byEmperor Wu of Northern Zhouin 564. The region then went under control ofSui,TangandSongdynasties, then subsequently conquered by theTibetans,Tanguts,JurchensandMongolsbefore finally administered byMing dynastycourt. Under imperial Chinese rule, the area was administered asJie Prefecture(tGiai châu,sGiai châu,Jiēzhōu).
Administration
[edit]Longnan has 1 urban districts, 8 counties, 242 towns, and 3243 villages with a total population of 2567718.[7]
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 census) |
Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| City proper | ||||||
| 1 | Wudu District | Võ đô khu | Wǔdū Qū | 555,004 | 4,642 | 119.56 |
| Rural | ||||||
| 2 | Cheng County | Thành huyện | Chéng Xiàn | 242,343 | 1,678 | 144.42 |
| 3 | Wen County | Văn huyện | Wén Xiàn | 218,796 | 5,002 | 43.74 |
| 4 | Tanchang County | Đãng xương huyện | Tànchāng Xiàn | 274,313 | 3,315 | 82.75 |
| 5 | Kang County | Khang huyện | Kāng Xiàn | 180,061 | 2,968 | 60.67 |
| 6 | Xihe County | Tây hòa huyện | Xīhé Xiàn | 393,272 | 1,862 | 211.21 |
| 7 | Li County | Lễ huyện | Lǐ Xiàn | 458,237 | 4,264 | 107.47 |
| 8 | Hui County | Huy huyện | Huī Xiàn | 200,294 | 2,699 | 74.21 |
| 9 | Liangdang County | Lưỡng đương huyện | Liǎngdāng Xiàn | 45,398 | 1,408 | 32.24 |
Economy
[edit]In 2004, Longnan's GDP was 6,338,000,000 RMB, a 12% growth over the previous year.
Important agricultural products include cereals and grains, Chinese medicinal herbs, vegetable oil, fruits, nuts, berries, and vegetables.Coal,copper, lead, zinc,petroleum,andgoldare all major mineral resources for Longnan. Cement and other building materials are also produced here.
Transportation
[edit]- Longnan Chengxian Airport
- China National Highway 212
- G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway
- Chongqing–Lanzhou railway
- Baoji–Chengdu railway(stations only available in Hui County and Liangdang County)
- Tianshui–Longnan railway(under construction)
Notable people
[edit]- Cai Wu,Chinese politicianand formerMinister of Cultureof thePeople's Republic of China.
- Cao Dong,Chinese footballer(Chongqing Dangdai Lifan,Chinese Super League)
- Chen Hongjun,MajorofPeople's Liberation Armywho was killed in combat during the2020–2022 China–India skirmishesin theSino-Indian border
- Li Xi,Chinese politician
- Yang Fulin,Chinese military officerandpolitician
- Zhang Zhixi,Chinese actress (Lady ZheninThe Advisor's Alliance)
Flora and fauna
[edit]Longnan has more than 1300 species of trees and shrubs, 1300 plants and herbs used for Chinese medicine, 100 wild fruits and berries, and 300 species of animals, many species of which are protected.
Notes
[edit]- ^ab"Nhân khẩu khu hoa".Longnan City Government. 2021.
- ^Cam túc tỉnh thống kế cục, quốc gia thống kế cục cam túc điều tra tổng đội (November 2016).《 cam túc phát triển niên giám －2016》.Trung quốc thống kế xuất bản xã.ISBN978-7-5037-7894-0.
- ^Gansu'sprovincial abbreviationLũngrefers toMount Long."Longnan" originally referred to the area south of the mountain, just asLongxiwas the area to its west.
- ^Trung quốc khí tượng sổ cư võng – WeatherBk Data(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved27 August2023.
- ^ Trung quốc khí tượng sổ cư võng(in Simplified Chinese).China Meteorological Administration.Retrieved27 August2023.
- ^ Trung quốc địa diện quốc tế giao hoán trạm khí hầu tiêu chuẩn trị nguyệt trị sổ cư tập ( 1971－2000 niên ).China Meteorological Administration.Archived fromthe originalon 2013-09-21.Retrieved2010-05-25.
- ^Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010Archived2014-11-29 at theWayback Machine,2011-05-09(in Chinese)
External links
[edit]- Official Website(in Chinese)
