National Herbarium of New South Wales
![]() Joseph Maidenin the Herbarium Royal Botanic Gardensc.1895 | |
Established | 1853 |
---|---|
Address | Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW, 2000 |
Location | Sydney ,New South Wales ,Australia |
Coordinates | (−33.865390, 151.217535) |
Website | National Herbarium of NSW |
TheNational Herbarium of New South Waleswas established in 1853. The Herbarium has a collection of more than 1.4 million plant specimens, making it the second largest collection of pressed, dried plant specimens in Australia,[1]including scientific and historically significant collections and samples of Australian flora gathered byJoseph BanksandDaniel Solanderduring the voyage ofHMSEndeavourin 1770.[2]
The Herbarium is a centre for Australian plant research. These specimens are used for studies of Australian native plants, their relationships and classification. A botanical information service is also provided including native plant identifications.[3]
The National Herbarium is in the Robert Brown Building at theRoyal Botanic Gardenon Mrs Macquaries Road in Sydney. In June 2018 plans to relocate the Herbarium to a new purpose built Centre of Innovation in Plant Sciences to be at theAustralian Botanic Garden Mount Annanwere announced.
In addition to two journals,Telopea[4]andCunninghamia,[5]the herbarium is responsible for the online database (and keys) to NSW Flora,PlantNet.[6]
The Index Herbariorum Code for the National Herbarium of New South Wales isNSW.[7]
History
[edit]The Herbarium began in 1853 whenCharles Moore,Director of the Botanic Garden, assembled approximately 1,800 native specimens.[8]However, the establishment date is said to be 1896 by the encyclopedia of Australian Science.[9]
Buildings
[edit]1901–1982:A purpose-built building to house the Herbarium collection and a botanical museum designed by the Government Architect opened in 1901.[10][11][12]The building was known as Maiden's Herbarium.[13]It is now known as the Anderson Building and is used for administration and contains the Maiden Theatre, in memory ofJoseph Henry Maiden,a previous Botanic Garden's Director.[14]
1982–2018:The Robert Brown Building opened in 1982.[13]The new Herbarium building was named in honour of colonial botanistRobert Brown.It has three levels when it was opened in 1982 byNeville Wran,housing the herbarium collection, staff offices, a laboratory, scanning electron microscope and full drying room and library. A decade later, a fourth level was added to provide more work spaces and shelving and a sloping roof to stop leaks.[15][16]
2019–onwards:In June 2018 plans to relocate the Herbarium to a new purpose built Centre of Innovation in Plant Sciences to be at theAustralian Botanic Garden Mount Annanwere announced.[17]
Collection
[edit]The collection has a worldwide scope with an emphasis on plants of New South Wales and Australian flora including flowering plants, conifers, cycads, ferns, bryophytes, lichens, macroalgae and fungi.[18][19]The collection includes 805 of the specimensJoseph BanksandDaniel Solandercollected.[20]
Specimen records from the collection are contributed to Australia's Virtual Herbarium (AVH), a collaborative project of the Commonwealth, state and territory herbaria in Australia.[21]
Digitisation
[edit]More than 7,000 of the specimens were digitised[2]as part of the Global Plants Initiative.[22]These digitised specimens form part of theAustralasian Virtual Herbarium,an online resource available for anyone to use. On 4 June 2018 the announcement that the National Herbarium of NSW would close while the collection of plant specimens was relocated from the Royal Botanic Garden Sydney to a purpose-built facility atAustralian Botanic Garden Mount Annanincluded the plans to digitise 1.43 million herbarium plant specimens.[23]
Botanical illustration
[edit]The first botanical illustrator at the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney,Margaret Flockton,was appointed in 1901 when the National Herbarium opened.[24]
Publications
[edit]The Herbarium publishes the journal,Telopea,formerly entitledContributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium.[25][26]The journal covers botany in Australia and the Asia-Pacific region, specialising in the flora of New South Wales.[4]
The herbarium also publishes an online key to the plants of New South Wales, together with their descriptions via PlantNet[6]This online resource is based largely on theFlora of New South Wales[27]
Daniel Solander Library
[edit]The library at the Royal Botanic Garden is part of the National Herbarium.[28]It was established in 1852 and is named afterDaniel Solander[29]who was employed in 1768 byJoseph Banksto accompany him onJames Cook's first voyage to the Pacific.[30][31]
See also
[edit]- National Herbarium of Victoria
- List of Herbaria
- Australasian Virtual Herbarium
- List of electronic Floras
References
[edit]- ^Thiers, B. (2020 – continuously updated). National Herbarium of New South Wales Collections Summary.Index Herbariorum. A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium.Available from:NSW Collections Summary(accessed 21 August 2020)
- ^abRoyal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust (N.S.W.) (1981),Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Annual Report 2014-15(PDF),Govt. Printer,ISSN0810-2538,archived fromthe original(PDF)on 4 April 2017,retrieved7 February2017
- ^"Royal Botanic Gardens (Sydney, N.S.W.). – People and organisations".Trove.Retrieved8 April2017.
- ^ab"Telopea".The Royal Botanic Garden Sydney.Retrieved6 February2017.
- ^"Cunninghamia (journal)".Royal Botanic Garden Sydney.Retrieved28 October2019.
- ^ab"NEW SOUTH WALES FLORA ONLINE A comprehensive botanical treatment in an Electronic format".National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney.Retrieved18 May2018.
- ^Index Herbariorum code for the National Herbarium of New South WalesRetrieved 24 July 2019.
- ^"Herbarium".Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney.Retrieved7 February2017.
- ^"Encyclopedia of Australian Science: National Herbarium of New South Wales".Retrieved18 May2018.
- ^"BOTANICAL MUSEUM AND NATIONAL HERBARIUM".The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser.Vol. LXXI, no. 2123. New South Wales, Australia. 16 March 1901. p. 662.Retrieved7 February2017– via National Library of Australia.
- ^"BOTANICAL MUSEUM AND HERBARIUM".Evening News.No. 10, 532. New South Wales, Australia. 12 March 1901. p. 7.Retrieved7 February2017– via National Library of Australia.
- ^National Herbarium of New South Wales; Royal Botanic Gardens (Sydney, N.S.W.) (1992),The National Herbarium of New South Wales,Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney,retrieved7 February2017
- ^ab"Sydney Architecture Images – The Royal Botanic Gardens".www.sydneyarchitecture.com.Retrieved7 February2017.
- ^"Botanic Gardens, Anderson Building".Sydney – City and Suburbs.3 December 2014.Retrieved7 February2017.
- ^Wilson, Karen (2012).'Another Significant Anniversary' in "The Gardens", Summer 2012–2013.
- ^"Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain | NSW Environment & Heritage".NSW Office of Environment and Heritage.Retrieved8 April2017.
- ^"$60 million win for NSW's vital botanic sciences".The Royal Botanic Gardens.Retrieved23 May2019.
- ^"National Herbarium of New South Wales".Resources of Australian Herbaria.Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria.Retrieved6 February2017.
- ^Stacey, Robyn;Hay, Ashley(2004),Herbarium,Cambridge University Press,ISBN978-0-521-84277-8
- ^Reid, Georgina (12 November 2014)."$100 Million Dollars Worth of Plants - The Planthunter".The Planthunter.Retrieved7 February2017.
- ^"About AVH".Australia's Virtual Herbarium.Retrieved8 April2017.
- ^"Global Plants on JSTOR".plants.jstor.org.Retrieved7 February2017.
- ^"National Herbarium of New South Wales".The Royal Botanic Garden Sydney.Retrieved23 May2019.
- ^Lesley Elkan and Catherine Wardrop (2014)."Margaret Flockton at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney".Dictionary of Sydney.Dictionary of Sydney Trust.Retrieved8 April2017.
- ^"Royal Botanic Gardens".Encyclopedia Britannica.Retrieved6 February2017.
- ^National Herbarium and Botanical Museum (New South Wales) (1900),Telopea,Government printer,ISSN0312-9764
- ^Harden, G.J (ed) 1990–2002.Flora of New South Wales, Vol 1-Vol 4.NSW University Press. 1990.ISBN9780868401560.
- ^"Library".The Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney.Retrieved6 February2017.
- ^"IK iFacts – Daniel Solander – Linnaeus Apostle".www.ikfoundation.org.Retrieved6 February2017.
- ^Duyker, Edward (1998),Nature's argonaut: Daniel Solander 1733–1782: naturalist and voyager with Cook and Banks,Miegunyah Press,ISBN978-0-522-84720-8
- ^Rauschenberg, Roy Anthony; American Philosophical Society (1968),Daniel Carl Solander, naturalist on the 'Endeavour',American Philosophical Society,retrieved6 February2017