Outline of medicine

The followingoutlineis provided as an overview of and topical guide to medicine:

Medicine–scienceofhealing.It encompasses a variety ofhealth carepractices evolved to maintainhealthby thepreventionandtreatmentofillness.

Aims

Branches of medicine

Anesthesiology– practice of medicine dedicated to the relief of pain and total care of the surgical patient before, during and after surgery.
Alternative medicine;is any healing practice, "that does not fall within the realm of conventional medicine.
Cardiology– branch of medicine that deals with disorders of theheartand theblood vessels.
Critical care medicine– focuses onlife supportand theintensive careof the seriously ill.
Dentistry– branch of medicine that deals with treatment of diseases in theoral cavity
Dermatology– branch of medicine that deals with the skin, hair, and nails.
Emergency medicine– focuses on care provided in theemergency department
Endocrinology– branch of medicine that deals with disorders of theendocrine system.
Epidemiology– study of cause and prevalence of diseases and programs to contain them
First aid– assistance given to any person experiencing a sudden illness or injury, with care provided to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, and/or promote recovery. It includes initial intervention in a serious condition prior to professional medical help being available, such as performing CPR while awaiting an ambulance, as well as the complete treatment of minor conditions, such as applying a plaster to a cut.
Gastroenterology– branch of medicine that deals with the study and care of thedigestive system.
General practice(often calledfamily medicine) is a branch of medicine that specializes inprimary care.
Geriatrics– branch of medicine that deals with the general health and well-being of theelderly.
Gynaecology– diagnosis and treatment of thefemale reproductive system
Hematology– branch of medicine that deals with thebloodand thecirculatory system.
Hepatology– branch of medicine that deals with theliver,gallbladderand thebiliary system.
Infectious disease(Outline of concepts) – branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and management ofinfectious disease,especially for complex cases andimmunocompromisedpatients.
Internal medicine– involved with adult diseases
Neurology– branch of medicine that deals with thebrainand thenervous system.
Nephrology– branch of medicine which deals with thekidneys.
Obstetrics– care of women during and after pregnancy
Occupational medicine– branch of medicine concerned with the maintenance of health in the workplace
Oncology– branch of medicine that studies the types ofcancer.
Ophthalmology– branch of medicine that deals with theeyes.
Optometry– branch of medicine that involves examining theeyesand applicablevisual systemsfor defects or abnormalities as well as the medical diagnosis and management of eye disease.
Orthopaedics– branch of medicine that deals with conditions involving themusculoskeletal system.
Otorhinolaryngology– branch of medicine that deals with theears,noseandthroat.
Pathology– study of causes andpathogenesisof diseases.
Pediatrics– branch of medicine that deals with the general health and well-being ofchildrenand in some countries like the U.S. young adults.
Preventive medicine– measures taken for disease prevention, as opposed to disease treatment.
Psychiatry– branch of medicine that deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention ofmental disorders.
Pulmonology– branch of medicine that deals with therespiratory system.
Radiology– branch of medicine that employsmedical imagingto diagnose and treat disease.
Sports medicine– branch of medicine that deals with physical fitness and the treatment and prevention of injuries related to sports and exercise.
Rheumatology– branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment ofrheumatic diseases.
Surgery– branch of medicine that uses operative techniques to investigate or treat both disease and injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.
Urology– branch of medicine that deals with theurinary systemof both sexes and the malereproductive system

Medical biology

Fields of medical biology

Anatomy– study of the physical structure oforganisms.In contrast tomacroscopicorgross anatomy,cytologyandhistologyare concerned with microscopic structures.
- List of anatomical topics
Biochemistry– study of the chemistry taking place in living organisms, especially the structure and function of their chemical components.
Bioinformatics
Biological engineering
Biophysics
Biostatistics– application of statistics to biological fields in the broadest sense. A knowledge of biostatistics is essential in the planning, evaluation, and interpretation of medical research. It is also fundamental toepidemiologyandevidence-based medicine.
Biotechnology
- Nanobiotechnology
Cell biology– microscopic study of individualcells.
Embryology– study of the early development of organisms.
Gene therapy
Genetics– study of genes, and their role inbiological inheritance.
- Cytogenetics
Histology– study of the structures ofbiological tissuesby lightmicroscopy,electron microscopy andimmunohistochemistry.
Immunology– study of theimmune system,which includes the innate and adaptive immune system in humans, for example.
Laboratory medical biology
Microbiology– study ofmicroorganisms,includingprotozoa,bacteria,fungi,andviruses.
Molecular biology
Neuroscience (outline)– includes those disciplines of science that are related to the study of thenervous system.A main focus of neuroscience is the biology and physiology of the humanbrainandspinal cord.
Parasitology
Pathology– study of disease, including the causes, course, progression and resolution thereof.
Physiology– study of the normal functioning of the body and the underlying regulatory mechanisms.
Systems biology
Virology
Toxicology– study of hazardous effects of drugs andpoisons.
and many others (typically, life sciences that pertain to medicine)

Illness (diseases and disorders)

Medical practice

Practice of medicine

Drugs

Drug

Medical equipment

Medical labs

Blood test

Medical facilities

Medical education

Medical education– education related to the practice of being a medical practitioner; either the initial training to become aphysician,additional training thereafter, and fellowship.

Medical research

Clinical research (outline)

Medical jargon

Medical terminology

List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes

Medical abbreviations and acronyms

Medical glossaries

Medical organizations

List of medical organisations
- List of LGBT medical organizations
- List of pharmacy associations

Government agencies

Medical publications

Persons influential in medicine

List of physicians

Medical scholars

The earliest known physician,Hesyre.
The first recorded female physician,Peseshet.
Borsippa,aBabylonianwho wrote theDiagnostic Handbook.
The Iranian chemist,Rhazes.
Avicenna,the philosopher and physician.
Greco-Roman medical scholars:
- Hippocrates,commonly considered the father of modern medicine.
- Galen,known for his ambitioussurgeries.
- Andreas Vesalius
- Oribasius,aByzantinewho compiled medical knowledge.
Abu al-Qasim,an Islamic physician known as the father of modernsurgery.
Medieval European medical scholars:
- Theodoric Borgognoni,one of the most significant surgeons of the medieval period, responsible for introducing and promoting important surgical advances including basicantisepticpractice and the use ofanaesthetics.
- Guy de Chauliac,considered to be one of the earliest fathers of modern surgery, after the great Islamic surgeon,Abu al-Qasim.
- Realdo Colombo,anatomist and surgeon who contributed to understanding of lesser circulation.
- Michael Servetus,considered to be the first European todiscoverthe pulmonary circulation of the blood.
- Ambroise Parésuggested using ligatures instead of cauterisation and tested thebezoarstone.
- William Harveydescribes blood circulation.
- John Hunter,surgeon.
- Amato Lusitanodescribed venous valves and guessed their function.
- Garcia de Ortafirst to describeCholeraand other tropical diseases and herbal treatments
- Percivall Pott,surgeon.
- SirThomas Brownephysician and medicalneologist.
- Thomas Sydenhamphysician and so-called "English Hippocrates."
Kuan Huang,who studied abroad and brought his techniques back to homeland china.
Ignaz Semmelweis,who studied and decreased the incidence ofchildbed fever.
Louis PasteurandRobert Kochfoundedbacteriology.
Alexander Fleming,whose accidental discovery ofpenicillinadvanced the field ofantibiotics.