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Pāvā

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This article is about the Buddhist site in Uttar Pradesh. For other uses, seePava (disambiguation).
A stupa built at the place whereCunda'shouse used to be, in ancient Pava (present-dayFazilnagar)
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Pāvāwas an important city of theMalla tribeofancient Indiaat the time of theHaryanka dynastyofMagadha.It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast ofKushinagarin the state ofUttar Pradesh,India.[1]

Possible locations

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The precise location of ancient Pāvā is not known with certainty. Likely candidates include:

  • an ancient site known as Fazilnagar ka kot (ASISL.# N-UP-P25), located in present-dayFazilnagar,in Kushinagar district[1][2][3]
  • a large flat-topped mound of ruins known as Jharmatiya (ASISL.# N-UP-P21), located in present-dayChetiaon,in Kushinagar district[4][5]

Buddhist history

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When theBuddhareached his eightieth year, he felt that his time in this world was approaching an end. At that time, according to theMahāparinibbāṇa Sutta(Sutta16 of theDīgha Nikāya), he and some of his disciples undertook a months-long journey that would take them fromRājagṛha,throughPāṭaliputta,Vesāli,Bhoganagara,and Pāvā, to their final destination atKuśinagara.[6]It was at Pāvā thatCunda,a resident of Pāvā, invited the group to a meal that featured a food calledsukaramaddava.This would prove to be the Buddha's last meal, as he was afflicted by a painful illness resemblingdysenterysoon after consuming the meal.[7]It was on this occasion that theCunda Sutta(AN6:46) was preached.[8]At that time, the Mallas had just completed their new meeting hall. Upon their invitation, the Buddha consecrated it by first occupying it and then preaching in it. After the Buddha had finished speaking, one of his leading disciples,Śāriputra,recited theSaṅgīti Sutta(DN33) to the assembled monks. After the meal, the Buddha crossed the Kakkuttha River (now called theKhanua River) and completed his journey to Kushinagar.[9]Soon after his arrival in Kushinagar, the Buddha attainedparinirvana.After the Buddha'scremation,the Mallas of Pāvā claimed a share in his relics. ABrahminnamed Drona satisfied their claim, and astupawas erected in Pāvā over their share of the relics.[10]

Jainist history

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Besides being a center of Buddhists, Pāvā was also a center ofJainism.ThePasādika Sutta(DN29)[11]records the Buddha at Pāvā at the timethe leader of the Jainsattainedparinirvana:"Once the Lord was staying among the Sakyans (at Pāvā)... in the mango-grove belonging to the Vedhanna family (the Samagama). At that time the Nigantha Nātaputta (or Mahāvīra, the leader of the Jains) had just died... And at his death the Niganthas (Jains) were split into two parties...".[12]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abCarlleyle, A. C. L.(1885)."Pāwā".Report of Tours in Gorakhpur, Saran and Ghazipur in 1877-78-79 and 80.Vol. 22. Calcutta: Archaeological Survey of India. pp. 29–35.
  2. ^http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_alphalist_uttarpradesh_patna.asp[bare URL]
  3. ^"Pava".Tibetan Buddhist Encyclopedia.3 February 2016.Retrieved8 October2022.
  4. ^Chakrabarti, Dilip K.(2006)."Relating History to the Land: Urban Centers, Geographical Units, and Trade Routes in the Gangetic and Central India of circa 200 BCE".InOlivelle, Patrick(ed.).Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE.Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 4–31.ISBN978-0195305326.
  5. ^https://www.dailynews.lk/2022/05/16/features/278876/buddha%E2%80%99s-last-journey[bare URL]
  6. ^"Mahāparinibbāṇa Sutta (DN 16), translated from the Pali by Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu".Dīgha Nikāyaof thePali Canon.dhammatalks.org. 2022.Retrieved9 October2022.
  7. ^"The Buddha's Last Meal".Life of the Buddha.Tullera, NSW, Australia: Buddha Dharma Education Association. 2008.Retrieved9 October2022.
  8. ^"Cunda Sutta (AN 6:46), translated from the Pali by Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu".Abhidhamma Piṭakaof thePali Canon.dhammatalks.org. 2022.Retrieved9 October2022.
  9. ^D.ii.126 ff.; Ud.viii.5; the road from Pāvā to Kushinagar is mentioned several times in the mss. Vin.ii.284; D.ii.162.
  10. ^D.ii.167; Bu.xxviii.3
  11. ^D.iii.210
  12. ^D.ii.117f; M.ii.243f
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Wikimedia Commons has media related toPava.
  1. Cunda Kammaraputta Sutta - To Cunda the Silversmith
  2. Section of the Maha-parinibbana Sutta on Buddha's Last Meal''


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