Tucano language
Appearance
Tucano | |
---|---|
ye’pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé | |
Native to | Brazil,Colombia |
Ethnicity | Tucano people |
Native speakers | 4,600 in Brazil (2006)[1] 7,020 in Colombia (2012), includingPisamira[1] |
Tucanoan
| |
Official status | |
Official language in | Brazil(São Gabriel da Cachoeira) |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Either:tuo – Tucanoarj – Arapaso |
Glottolog | tuca1252 Tucanoarap1275 Arapaso |
ELP | Tukano |
Arapaso[2] | |
Tucano,alsoTukanoorTucana,endonymye’pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé[3],is aTucanoanlanguage spoken inAmazonas,BrazilandColombia.
ManyTariana people,speakers of theendangeredTariana languageare switching to Tucano.
Phonology
[edit]Consonants
[edit]Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | plain | p | t | k | ʔ | |
voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||
Nasal | (m) | (n) | (ŋ) | |||
Fricative | s | h | ||||
Trill | r | |||||
Approximant | w | j |
Nasal sounds [m n ŋ] are variants of voiced stops /b d ɡ/ between nasal vowels. Stops may also be heard asprenasalized[ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ] after nasal vowels. /w/ can be heard as a nasal bilabial semivowel[β̞̃]in the environment of nasal vowels. Allophones of /ɾ/ can be heard as[ɾ̃],[ɺ].[4][5]
Vowels
[edit]Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | iĩ | ɨɨ̃ | uũ |
Mid | eẽ | oõ | |
Low | aã |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^abTucanoatEthnologue(25th ed., 2022)
ArapasoatEthnologue(25th ed., 2022) - ^Endangered Languages Project data for Arapaso.
- ^Ramirez, Henri (2019)."uúku͂sehe (ye'pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé)"(PDF).A Fala Tukano dos Ye’pâ-Masa, Tomo II: Dicionário (versão atualizada, 2019).Manaus: Inspetoria Salesiana Missionária da Amazônia. p. 194.
- ^West, Birdie; Welch, Betty (1967).Phonemic system of Tucano.Viola G. Waterhouse (ed.), Phonemic systems of Colombian languages: Norman: Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma. pp. 11–24.
- ^Aikhenvald, 1996.
Spanish
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- A Fala Tukano dos Ye'pâ-Masa: Tomo I: Gramática. Henri Ramirez (1997) · Manaus: Inspetoria Salesiana Missionária da Amazônia, CEDEM.
- Welch, Betty and West, Birdie (2000). In Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva edited by González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa. Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
- Bibliografía de la familia lingüística Tukano (antes Betoya) ( pp. 79-104 ). Marcelino de Castellvi (1939). In Proceedings of the second convention of the Inter American Bibliographical and Library Association 2:2 Washington, D.C.
- Campbell, Lyle. (1997).American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America.New York: Oxford University Press.ISBN0-19-509427-1.
- Proto Tucanoan ( pp. 119-149 ). Nathan E. Waltz and Alva Wheeler (1972). In Comparative Studies in Amerindian Languages Mouton de Gruyter.
External links
[edit]- Tucanoan Languages Collectionof Janet Chernela, housed atAILLA,containing audio recordings, transcriptions, translations and field notes from the 1970s and 1980s.