Umbel

Inbotany,anumbelis aninflorescencethat consists of a number of shortflowerstalks (calledpedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latinumbella"parasol, sunshade".^[1]The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known asumbellules^[2]orumbellets.^[3]A small umbel is called an umbellule.^[3]The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to asumbellate,or occasionallysubumbellate(almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such ascarrot,parsley,dill,andfennelin the familyApiaceae;ivy,AraliaandFatsiain the familyAraliaceae;andonion(Allium) in the familyAlliaceae.

An umbel is a type ofindeterminate inflorescence.^[3]^[4] A compressedcyme,which is a determinate inflorescence, is calledumbelliformif it resembles an umbel.

Gallery

Compound umbel of a hemlock-parsley,Conioselinum pacificum(Apiaceae)
Compound umbel of a wild carrot,Daucus carota(Apiaceae)
Simple umbel ofFatsia japonica(Araliaceae)
Involucratesimple umbels ofPrimula veris
Umbel of aPelargonium zonale
Daucus carotaumbel down view

References

^umbel etymology
^Menglan She; Fading Pu; Zehui Pan; Mark Watson; John F. M. Cannon; Ingrid Holmes-Smith; Eugene V. Kljuykov; Loy R. Phillippe; Michael G. Pimenov."Apiaceae Lindley".Flora of China.Vol. 14.Retrieved15 January2019– via eFloras.org,Missouri Botanical Garden,St. Louis, MO &Harvard University Herbaria,Cambridge, MA.
^^a ^b ^cBeentje, H.; Williamson, J. (2010).The Kew Plant Glossary: an Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms.Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Kew Publishing.
^ Walters, D.R.; Keil, D.J. (1975).Vascular Plant Taxonomy.Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.

Hinderer, Walter; Noé, Wolfgang; Seitz, Hanns Ulrich (1983). "Differentiation of metabolic pathways in the umbel of Daucus carota".Phytochemistry.22(11): 2417–2420.doi:10.1016/0031-9422(83)80131-9.ISSN 0031-9422.
Toben, H.-M.; Rudoph, K (1996). "Pseudomonas syringae pv. coriandricola, Incitant of Bacterial Umbel Blight and Seed Decay of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) in Germany".Journal of Phytopathology.144(4): 169–178.doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1996.tb01510.x.ISSN 0931-1785.
Peterson, L. E.; Clark, R. J.; Menary, R. C. (1993). "Umbel Initiation and Stem Elongation in Fennel(Foeniculum vulgare)Initiated by Photoperiod".Journal of Essential Oil Research.5(1): 37–43.doi:10.1080/10412905.1993.9698168.ISSN 1041-2905.

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[1] umbel etymology

[foc-2] Menglan She; Fading Pu; Zehui Pan; Mark Watson; John F. M. Cannon; Ingrid Holmes-Smith; Eugene V. Kljuykov; Loy R. Phillippe; Michael G. Pimenov."Apiaceae Lindley".Flora of China.Vol. 14.Retrieved15 January2019– via eFloras.org,Missouri Botanical Garden,St. Louis, MO &Harvard University Herbaria,Cambridge, MA.

[Beentje-3] Beentje, H.; Williamson, J. (2010).The Kew Plant Glossary: an Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms.Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Kew Publishing.

[4] Walters, D.R.; Keil, D.J. (1975).Vascular Plant Taxonomy.Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.

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Gallery

References

Further reading