Wikipedia:WikiProject Geographical coordinates
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WikiProject Geographical coordinatesaims to better organize location information in articles containinga set of numbersthat identifies location on and relative to the Earth. In particular, we aim to establish a standard for uniform handling oflatitudeandlongitudecoordinates as given in various Wikipedia articles, somewhat analogous to howISBN numbers are handled.
Quick Geographical coordinates how to
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NOTE: This is a concept currently under development, so this is subject to change. To add57°18′22″N4°27′32″W/ 57.30611°N 4.45889°Wto the top of an article, use{{Coord}},thus:
Thesecoordinatesare indegrees,minutes, and seconds of arc. "title" means that the coordinates will be displayed next to the article's title at the top of the page (in desktop view only; title coordinates do not display in mobile view) and before any other text or images. It also records the coordinates as the primary location of the page's subject in Wikipedia's geosearch API. To add44°06′45″N87°54′47″W/ 44.1124°N 87.9130°Wto the top of an article, use either
(which does not require minutes or seconds but does require the user to specify north/ south and east/west)or
(in which the north and east are presumed by positive values while the south and west are negative ones). These coordinates are indecimal degrees.
Optional coordinate parameters follow the longitude and are separated byan underscore ( "_" ):
Other optional parameters are separated bya pipe ( "|" ):
Thus:
Use
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Erioll_world.svg/400px-Erioll_world.svg.png)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/WW_washington.png/400px-WW_washington.png)
Related WikiProjects
[edit]WikiProject Council includes this WikiProject in itsGeographical directory.This WikiProject is an offshoot of WikiProject Maps:
- WikiProject Geography
- WikiProject Maps
- WikiProject Geographical coordinates
- WikiProject Maps
...and is the parent project of:
Other WikiProjectsthat make use of geographical coordinates include:
Associated Portals
[edit]
The AtlasPortalis associated with WikiProject Geography.
The Geography Portalis associated with WikiProject Geography.
Participants
[edit]This list has been moved toits own page.
Goals
[edit]Should provide a uniform markup for all geographic coordinates
Should provide a user-preferred appearance for all geographic coordinates
Markup should be easy and natural to use
Should be able to have a uniform, extensible way of accessing all types of map resources, avoiding having direct external links to maps in articles
Clicking on a reference navigates directly to a page with external pointers to various resources, with coordinates automatically embedded where possible. The resources can be maps of various kinds, topological charts, satellite photos and others.
Create a database of points, enabling generation of navigatable maps with a clickable icon appearing for every location for which there is a Wikipedia article. This has been implemented forNASA World Wind,Google Earth(seebelow) and Google maps (seebelow).
Serve as a tool for finding Wikipedia articles describingnearbylocations. See alsometa:Wikipediatlas.
Adhere to existingInternet standards for geographic coordinatesas far as possible[clarification needed]such as using WGS84 for terrestrial coordinates
Usage guidelines
[edit]- See alsoMOS:COORDS
In general, coordinates should be added to any article about a location, structure, or geographic feature that is more or less fixed in one place. Such items can vary in size from a single tree (or smaller) to entire oceans or continents. Coordinates should also be added to articles about events that are associated with a single location, for example, theUfa train disaster.Guidelines for less obvious situations are given below.
Coordinates are appropriate for the top articles or within infoboxes of the following types of articles:
- Businesses/organizations with a single location (even if they are defunct)
- Demolished buildings/structures
- Buildings/structures that have been proposed, but not yet built (if there is a reliable source for the location)
- Permanently docked ships (and shipwrecks)
Do not add coordinates to the following types of articles:
- Biographies of living people
- Works of art (other than permanent outdoor statues, installations or murals)
- Sports teams (add to the stadium article instead)
- Businesses with multiple locations (although listing coords for individual locations in a table may be appropriate)
- Ships that are not permanently docked or sunk
Other types of articles may be decided on a case-by-case basis.
Which coordinates to use
[edit]National mapping agenciessuch as theGeographic Names Information System(GNIS),Ordnance Survey(OS), andGeographical Names Board of Canada(GNBC) are usuallyreliable sourcesfor coordinates. TheGEOnet Names Server(GNS) database is not reliable. Always double check the coordinates on an internet mapping service. For other locations, the following points should be considered:
- For villages, towns, communities, etc., use the current centre. Where this is difficult, choose the earliest known settlement of that name. Be aware that the GNIS coordinates may be an arbitrarily chosen civic feature, as that was the usual rule.
- For military and industrial establishments (e.g., castles, barracks, dockyards, car plants) use the main gate.
- For administrative districts, use the head office.
- For geographical features with an area, such as lakes, reservoirs, and islands, use a point reasonably in the center of the feature. (Remember not to specify too much precision; seePrecision guidelinesbelow.)
- For linear features, seeWikipedia:WikiProject Geographical coordinates/Linear.Be aware that the GNIS primary coordinates will usually be of the feature "mouth" and thus may differ.
Markup
[edit]The practical usage of coordinate markup in Wikipedia is described inthe style guide for geographical coordinates.For use on maps and other services,parametersmay also be required.
A complete entry could for example be:{{coord|51|28|40|N|0|0|6|W|type:landmark_scale:2000_region:GB|display=title}}
See also:Obtaining coordinates
Marking project-related pages on Talk page
[edit]The template{{WikiProject Geographical coordinates}}may be added to relevant Talk pages. This adds the page to several categories and displays as:
![]() | Geographical coordinates | |||
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Implementation details
[edit]Coordinate templates
[edit]There are two ways of specifying coordinates:
{{coord}}
– Accepts multiple data formats and supports a style sheet preference for display format, plus aGeo microformat.Coord
may be placed anywhere in the article source text, inline, with prose text. For example "Mount Everest is at {{coord|27|59|16|N|86|56|40|E}}
",which displays as" Mount Everest is at27°59′16″N86°56′40″E/ 27.98778°N 86.94444°E".To display coordinates at the page's top, near the article's title, in a skin-dependent way, usedisplay=title
(see example atKrasnoyarsk hydroelectric dam). To display both inline and top, usedisplay=inline,title
.- Infoboxes – Manyinfobox templatesfor places have a parameter, typically
|coordinates=
,for specifying a place's coordinates. The template internally uses{{coord}}and may therefore also display in the title area. SeeTemplate:Infobox SettlementandTemplate:Infobox Mountainfor documentation, or, usage examples atLos AngelesandMount Everest.
(Before September 2008, there was a widely-used family of templates of the formcoor....These are deprecated and have been replaced by{{coord}}.For an overview of choices:WikiProject Geographical coordinates/comparison.)
Parameters
[edit]Following the geographical coordinate, further parameters can optionally be supplied, separated by underscores. This helps display suitable map resources (seeTemplate:GeoTemplate), and will helpWikimapsbecome fully functional.
{{coord|61.1631|-149.9721|type:landmark_globe:earth_region:US-AK_scale:150000_source:gnis|name=Kulis Air National Guard Base}}
displays61°09′47″N149°58′20″W/ 61.1631°N 149.9721°W
It has
- type:landmark
- globe:earth
- region:US-AK
- scale:150000
- source:gnis
type:T
[edit]Thetype:
parameter specifies the type of location for reverse mapping (for instance, to select a marker icon in theWikiMiniAtlas).
It also sets themap scale,which can however be overridden bydim:orscale:.
Valid types are:
T | Description | Map scale |
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adm1st | Administrative unit of country, 1st level (province, state), seetable,e.g.U.S. states | 1:1,000,000 |
adm2nd | Administrative unit of country, 2nd level, seetable,e.g.county (United States) | 1:300,000 |
adm3rd | Administrative unit of country, 3rd level, seetable | 1:100,000 |
airport | airports and airbases | 1:30,000 |
city(pop) | cities, towns, villages, hamlets, suburbs, subdivisions, neighborhoods, and other human settlements (including unincorporated and/or abandoned ones) with known population Please replacepopwith a number. Commas inpopwill be ignored. There should be no blanks. |
1:30,000... 1:300,000 |
city | cities, towns, villages, hamlets, suburbs, subdivisions, neighborhoods, and other human settlements (including unincorporated and/or abandoned ones) with unspecified population These are treated as minor cities. |
1:100,000 |
country | (e.g. "type:country" ) | 1:10,000,000 |
edu | schools, colleges, and universities | 1:10,000 |
event | one-time or regular events and incidents that occurred at a specific location, including battles, earthquakes, festivals, and shipwrecks | 1:50,000 |
forest | forests and woodlands | 1:50,000 |
glacier | glaciers and icecaps | 1:50,000 |
isle | islands and isles | 1:100,000 |
landmark | buildings (including churches, factories, museums, theatres, and power plants but excluding schools and railway stations), caves, cemeteries, cultural landmarks, geologic faults, headlands, intersections, mines, ranches, roads, structures (including antennas, bridges, castles, dams, lighthouses, monuments, and stadiums), tourist attractions, valleys, and other points of interest | 1:10,000 |
mountain | peaks, mountain ranges, hills, submerged reefs, and seamounts | 1:100,000 |
pass | mountain passes | 1:10,000 |
railwaystation | stations, stops, and maintenance areas of railways and trains, including railroad, metro, rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway, etc. | 1:10,000 |
river | rivers, canals, creeks, brooks, and streams, including intermittent ones | 1:100,000 |
satellite | geo-stationary satellites | 1:10,000,000 |
waterbody | bays, fjords, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, lochs, loughs, meres, lagoons, estuaries, inland seas, and waterfalls | 1:100,000 |
camera | To indicate the location of where a specific image was taken. This type is used by coordinate templates on File pages. | 1:10,000 |
Default scale: if no type is used or the type is not defined in the GeoHack extension | 1:300,000 |
T | Markup | Result |
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waterbody | {{coord|46|43|N|7|58|E|type:waterbody}}
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46°43′N7°58′E/ 46.717°N 7.967°E |
dim:D
[edit]Thedim:
parameter defines thediameterof a viewing circle centered on the coordinates. While the default unit of measurement is metres, thekm
suffix may be appended to indicate kilometres. Thedim:
parameter overrides the scale implied by anytype:parameter.
Syntax — dim:<width><units>
- width — integer number of metres (m) or kilometres (km)
- units —
m
orkm
,if not specified, defaults tom
GeoHackusesdim:
to select amap scalesuch that the viewing circle appears roughly 10 centimetres (4 in) in diameter on a 72dpicomputer monitor. If nodim:
,type:
,orscale:
parameters are provided, GeoHack uses its default viewing circle of 30 kilometres (19 mi).
Subject | Dim | Markup | Result |
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Buckingham Palace | 120m | {{coord|51.501|-0.142|dim:120m}}
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51°30′04″N0°08′31″W/ 51.501°N 0.142°W |
London | 10km | {{coord|51.507222|-0.1275|dim:10km}}
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51°30′26″N0°07′39″W/ 51.507222°N 0.1275°W |
Western Hemisphere | 10,000 kilometres (6,200 mi) | {{coord|0|N|90|W|dim:10000km}}
|
0°N90°W/ 0°N 90°W |
Ohio | 400 kilometres (250 mi) | {{coord|40.5|-82.5|dim:400km}}
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40°30′N82°30′W/ 40.5°N 82.5°W |
Dresden | 20,000 metres (12 mi) | {{coord|51.03|13.73|dim:20000}}
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51°02′N13°44′E/ 51.03°N 13.73°E |
Statue of Liberty | 100 metres (330 ft) | {{coord|40.6892|-74.0445|dim:100}}
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40°41′21″N74°02′40″W/ 40.6892°N 74.0445°W |
scale:N
[edit]Thescale:
parameter specifies the desiredmap scaleas 1:N,overriding the scale implied by anytype:
parameter.
GeoHackusesscale:
to select a map scale for a 72dpicomputer monitor. If nodim:
,type:
,orscale:
parameters are provided, GeoHack uses its default scale of 1:300,000.
Subject | Scale | Markup | Result |
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Big Ben | 1:500 | {{coord|51.500611|N|0.124611|W|scale:500}}
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51°30′02″N0°07′29″W/ 51.500611°N 0.124611°W |
Palace of Westminster | 1:5,000 | {{coord|51.5006|N|0.1246|W|scale:5000}}
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51°30′02″N0°07′29″W/ 51.5006°N 0.1246°W |
City of Westminster | 1:50,000 | {{coord|51.501|N|0.125|W|scale:50000}}
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51°30′04″N0°07′30″W/ 51.501°N 0.125°W |
Greater London | 1:500,000 | {{coord|51.50|N|0.12|W|scale:500000}}
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51°30′N0°07′W/ 51.50°N 0.12°W |
region:R
[edit]Theregion:
parameter specifies the political region for terrestrial coordinates. It is used to select appropriate map resources. If noregion:
parameter is provided,GeoHackattempts to determine the region from the coordinates.
The region should be supplied as either a two characterISO 3166-1 alpha-2country code or anISO 3166-2region code.
Examples ofISO 3166-1 alpha-2codes:
- AQAntarctica
- AUAustralia
- BRBrazil
- DEGermany
- GBUnited Kingdom
- HKHong Kong
- INIndia
- LKSri Lanka
- RURussia
- USUnited States
Examples ofISO 3166-2region codes:
- DE-THThuringia, Germany
- GB-BIRBirmingham, England
- NO-03Oslo, Norway
- US-NYNew York state, US
The oceans have the following Wiki assigned code elements perde:Vorlage:Coordinate#Ozeane.
- XNArctic Ocean
- XAAtlantic Ocean
- XIIndian Ocean
- XPPacific Ocean
- XSSouthern Ocean
In addition, two Wiki assigned code elements can be used with{{coord}}:
- XZfor objects in or above international waters (similar toUN/LOCODE).
- ZZfor use in examples.
Focus region | Region | Markup | Result |
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Switzerland | CH
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{{coord|46.9524|N|7.4396|E|region:CH}}
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46°57′09″N7°26′23″E/ 46.9524°N 7.4396°E |
Berlin, Germany | DE-BE
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{{coord|52.5164|N|13.3775|E|region:DE-BE}}
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52°30′59″N13°22′39″E/ 52.5164°N 13.3775°E |
globe:G
[edit]Theglobe:
parameter specifies theplanet,dwarf planet,asteroid,ornatural satelliteupon which the coordinates reside. Apart fromearth(the default), recognized values are:mercury,venus,moon,mars,phobos,deimos,ceres,vesta,jupiter,ganymede,callisto,io,europa,mimas,enceladus,tethys,dione,rhea,titan,hyperion,iapetus,phoebe,miranda,ariel,umbriel,titania,oberon,triton,pluto,andcharon.
Subject | G | Markup | Result |
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Kittu Crater | ganymede | {{coord|0.4|N|334.6|W|globe:ganymede}}
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0°24′N334°36′W/ 0.4°N 334.6°W |
Viking 2lander | mars | {{coord|48.269|N|225.990|W|globe:mars}}
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48°16′08″N225°59′24″W/ 48.269°N 225.990°W |
Mozart Crater | mercury | {{coord|7.8|N|190.5|W|globe:mercury}}
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7°48′N190°30′W/ 7.8°N 190.5°W |
Apollo 11lander | moon | {{coord|0|40|26.69|N|23|28|22.69|E|globe:moon}}
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0°40′26.69″N23°28′22.69″E/ 0.6740806°N 23.4729694°E |
Ksa Crater | titan | {{coord|14.0|N|65.4|W|globe:titan}}
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14°00′N65°24′W/ 14.0°N 65.4°W |
Venera 13lander | venus | {{coord|7.5|S|303|E|globe:venus}}
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7°30′S303°00′E/ 7.5°S 303°E |
Stickney Crater | phobos | {{coord|1|N|49|W|globe:phobos}}
|
1°N49°W/ 1°N 49°W |
Very rough mapping is provided on geohack for almost all supported globes. The pop-out WikiMiniAtlas system provides limited mapping for Moon, Mars, Mercury, Venus, Io, and Titan, as of February 2021[update].
The maps roughly implies a coordinate reference system, but does not clearly specify one (unlike Earth's WGS84). Since the template defaults to east longitude, the|W|
direction must be specified for globes that measure longitude westward. For celestial coordinates, use{{Sky}}instead.
source:S
[edit]Specifies, where present, the data source and data source format/datum, and optionally, the original data, presented in parentheses. This is initially primarily intended for use by geotagging robots, so that data is not blindly repeatedly copied from format to format and Wikipedia to Wikipedia, with progressive loss of precision and attributability.
Examples:
- A lat/long geotag derived from anOrdnance SurveyNational Grid ReferenceNM 435 355 found in the English-language Wikipedia would be tagged as "source:enwiki-osgb36(NM435355)"
- A latitude-longitude location sourced from data taken from the German-language Wikipedia would be tagged as "source:dewiki" – and so on, for other language codes;
- A location sourced from the public domainGeoNet Names Serverdatabase would be tagged as "source:GNS". No datum or format information is needed, since by default all Wikipedia coordinates are in latitude/longitude format based on theWGS84datum. Similarly, US locations sourced from the similar public domainGNISdatabase would be tagged as "source:GNIS".
Name
[edit]{{coord}}takes|name=name
If an article contains severaldisplay=inlinecoordinates, each of these may be supplied with a uniquename.This name will be used to display the coordinate on theWikiMiniAtlas,and will cause the template to emit anhCardmicroformatusing that name,even if used within an existing hCard.Do not use when the name is that of a person (e.g for a gravesite), as the generated hCard would be invalid. Also, do not use square brackets in names.
Display preferences
[edit]To always display coordinates as DMS values, add this toyour common.css:
.geo-default{display:inline}
.geo-nondefault{display:inline}
.geo-dec{display:none}
.geo-dms{display:inline}
To always display coordinates as decimal values, add this toyour common.css:
.geo-default{display:inline}
.geo-nondefault{display:inline}
.geo-dec{display:inline}
.geo-dms{display:none}
To display coordinates in both formats, add this toyour common.css:
.geo-default{display:inline}
.geo-nondefault{display:inline}
.geo-dec{display:inline}
.geo-dms{display:inline}
.geo-multi-punct{display:inline}
If CSS is disabled, or you have an old copy ofMediaWiki:Common.csscached, you will see both formats. (You can either clear your cache or manually refresh this URL:[1].)
To disable display of the blue globe adjacent to coordinates, add this toyour common.js:
varwma_settings={enabled:false}
Note that this will disableWikiMiniAtlas.
See also:Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers § Geographical coordinates.
Format
[edit]format=dec
will reformat the coordinates todecimal degreesfor all readers.format=dms
will reformat the coordinates todegrees | minutes | seconds (dms)format for all readers.
Creating new templates
[edit]When creating new templates or infoboxes, use{{coord}}.Unless a template uses the coordinate data in another way, the{{coord}}template should be the field value. For example,{{infobox lake}}acceptscoords = {{coord|45|N|6|E|type:waterbody}}
.
If coordinate data are used directly by a template, use the following parameter names for coordinates:
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A provision for accepting decimal coordinates is recommended. For example, allowlat_d = 45.678 | long_d = -123.456
and omission of the remaining parameters.
Where theUnited Kingdom'sOrdnance Surveygrid references are used as the coordinates, use{{oscoor}}
.
For articles which have no coordinates, but need them, use{{coord missing}}
.
Linear features
[edit]Fordraftguidance on, and examples of, coordinates for linear features (rivers, roads, bridges, tunnels, etc.), seeWikipedia:WikiProject Geographical coordinates/Linear.
How to obtain geographical coordinates
[edit]SeeObtaining geographic coordinates
See also:Category:Articles needing coordinates,Maybe-Checker
Geodetic system
[edit]All coordinates specified through{{coord}}must be referenced toWGS84,or an equivalent datum. WGS84 is required for some of the conversions done by the geohack extension.
British national grid referencesof the Ordnance Survey use its ownOSGB36datum, which iscorrectfor use in national grid references; the correct transformations will automatically be applied when national grid coordinates are used in{{oscoor}}tags. However, OSGB36 latitude/longitude coordinates should not be used anywhere in Wikipedia; please use WGS84 lat/long instead.
Precision guidelines
[edit]Regardless of how coordinates are obtained, consider the precision specified in a Wikipedia article. Reliable secondary sources exist for some locations.Without a reliable source, the larger the object being mapped, the less precise the coordinates need to be.Cities must be specified with a precision of degrees, minutes and seconds to respect historical norms. When the#Which coordinates to useguideline is used, degrees, minutes and seconds or d.dddd are the default. To specify a particular point in the city, such as a building, generally requires precision down to degrees-minutes-seconds or d.dddd° if decimal degrees are used. In the case of objects such as fountains or statues, it may be necessary to use d°m's.s "or d.ddddd°. Higher precisions should be avoided, as they greatly exceed the accuracy of civilian GPS and online mapping services. (Using 4 m accuracy as an estimate for civilian GPS: Depending on the coordinates format and the latitude, the next-higher precisions exceed the accuracy by a factor of somewhere between 13 and 72.)
A general rule is to give precisions approximately one-tenth the size of the object, unless there is a clear reason for additional precision. Overly precise coordinates can be misleading by implying that the object is smaller than it truly is.
There is no set way to determine object size, and the boundaries of many geographical objects are not clearly defined or not readily available. The difference rarely affects the suggested coordinates precision, so a rough size estimate is usually adequate. However, it should be noted that object size is always linear (one-dimensional), not an area measurement.
In the two most-used coordinate representations, degrees-minutes-seconds and decimal degrees, precision is, as a useful approximation,
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Conversions: 1 kilometre (0.621 mi), 1 metre (3.28 ft), 1 centimetre (0.394 in); 1 mile (1.61 km), 1 foot (0.305 m), 1 inch (2.54 cm)
The values in the table give distances in the east-west direction corresponding to a small change in longitude, at different latitudes. You can take the equator columns of the table as a rough guide to distances in the north-south direction that correspond to a small change in latitude, since they vary only a little bit at different latitudes. For simplicity, however, the latitude precision is commonly copied from that of the longitude.
Precision tables
[edit]The following tables show suggested coordinates precisions for various object sizes and latitudes. Refer to the preceding section for more information about coordinates precision. To use these tables:
- Choose one of the tables depending on whether you wantdegrees-minutes-secondsformat ordecimal degreesformat
- Find the column that is closest to the latitude of your object
- Find the row that is closest to the size of your object
- Note the coordinates precision at the intersection of your row and column
Usage example
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Example: You want coordinates, in decimal degrees format, for Yosemite National Park, California, U.S.
To solve:
(This is a good example of aborderline case,as the latitude is quite close to 37.5°, the midpoint between 30° and 45°. If the Park were a mere 25 miles to the south, you would use the30°column instead, yielding a different precision: d.dd°. You could opt for that precision instead, giving 37.85, −119.56. That's your call. But the table shows thatmore thantwo decimal positions would definitely be too precise for this case.) |
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- The tables are derived from the precision data at§ Precision guidelines,above. As suggested there, they use a target resolution of one-tenth of the object size.
- The tables are not perfect. Some cases will yield a precision that is different from what you would get by doing the math (including trigonometry) for that specific case. This is because it is impossible to represent all cases correctly in a usable tabular format. The tables provide the correct precision for a majority of cases. Any error should be limited to one level of precision (e.g.,d° m'vs.d° m' s ",ord.ddd°vs.d.dddd°), which is acceptable for the purposes of Wikipedia coordinates.
- d.ddddd°is roughly three times more precise thand° m' s.s ".
Mathematical formulas
[edit]You can also calculate the kilometers per degree of longitude,k,using one of the following formulas (θ is the latitude, 6378.14 km is theequatorial radius,and 6356.8 km is the polar radius):
Accurate, assuming aspheroid:
Approximate:
- Equator to latitude 25° (north or south)
- Latitude 30° to 40°
- Latitude 45° to pole
Coordinates from other language versions (iwcoor)
[edit]Import of coordinates from other wikis |
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Last updated: 16:02, 6 April 2009 (UTC) |
To do list
[edit]
Find coordinates for[edit]
UseMaybe-Checker:verify and/or add coordinates to articles in categories likely to need coordinates. Articles are also listed on WolterBot'scleanup listings(User:WolterBot/Cleanup statistics) See also:Wikipedia:Obtaining geographic coordinates Tag articles needing coordinates[edit]
Fix[edit]As of July 18, 2024 22:51 (UTC)
Formatting errors:
More[edit]
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Tools and applications based on coordinates from Wikipedia
[edit]Articles (and coordinates) can be found through the pages using the templates inCategory:Coordinates templates
All coordinates are available for download inWikipedia database dumps.To get the coordinates from theXMLformat dump of all articles (enwiki-latest-pages-articles.xml.bz2, 4 GB), the dump needs to beparsedfor pages containing coordinates in theentry formats listed above.Most articles in Wikipedia conform to these formats and coordinates are easy to parse from thewikitextwithregular expressionsfor simple character sequences. As all coordinates link tothe same PHP tool,they may also be found from theSQLformattable of external links(enwiki-latest-externallinks.sql.gz, 725MB). This second method will however not include all available information about the coordinates, such as their position between the article body and the title area.
There may exist some groups of articles that generate the coordinate data dynamically and are not in any of the standard entry formats, as some editors may have wished to facilitate entry of common coordinate related information, while only keeping the output similar with the existing templates. To get all such coordinates, all the articles in the database dump need to be run through a wikitext parser (such as thePHPone inMediaWiki) to expand all the templates, and the result parsed for coordinates. Alternatively, it is also possible to download the HTML generated from all the article and expanded template content (wikipedia-en-html.tar.7z, 14 GB).
Note that mass downloading individual pages from the live Wikipedia site is strongly discouraged andmay lead to discontinued access.
NASA World WindSamples
[edit]All examples useNASA World Wind,with the Wikipedia overlay. This is purely meant as an example of using a coordinated concept for geographical coordinates.
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View Wikipedia in Google Earth
[edit]ProjectWikipedia-Worldscan 11 Dumps (ca,cs,de,en,eo,es,fi,fr,nl,pt,ru) and provides:
- dynamic Google-Earth layers in 21 languages. For instance:english Layer,español Layer
- static Google-Earth layers in 10 language with different folders (Castles, Parks,...), Download atwebkuehn.de
- SQL-Data of all scanned coordinates
Copernix.io - View and search Wikipedia Articles on a map
[edit]Copernix.io is a geographical search engine allowing users to search places and information from Wikipedia on a map. Users can leave the search bar empty to see all pages within an area or type a query to get subject specific information.
Some useful examples can be found at:
The main search page is at:
Visualization of Wikipedia articles with Google Maps
[edit]- www.geonames.orgover 800,000 Wikipedia articles in 230 languages on Google maps. The placemarks include short descriptions of the displayed items, extracted from the Wikipedia articles. Webservices for full text search and reverse geocoding of Wikipedia articles.
WikiMiniAtlas JavaScript plugin
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/WikiMiniAtlas_KML_screenshot.png/250px-WikiMiniAtlas_KML_screenshot.png)
WikiMiniAtlasis a JavaScript to add to yourmonobook.js.It adds a draggable and zoomable (just like GoogleMaps) map to all geo-coded articles. Clickable labels with links to other geocoded articles are placed on the map to allow spatial browsing of Wikipedia. Map layers includesatellite images(using Landsat7 data) with zoomlevels down to a resolution <100m, anddaily updatedMODIS satellite data.
WikiMiniAtlas is currently enabled on Wikipedia (by clicking on the globe () beside the coordinates).
All geodata in SQL file format
[edit]- ProjectWikipedia-World,provides the complete database for download inSQL-file format.
Export multiple coordinates
[edit]Kmlexporttool: Pages marked with multiple coordinates or categories of articles with coordinates can be exported asKML(for use in Google Earth, for example). This tool and some alternatives can be found on clicking the coordinates or by applying the{{GeoGroup}}template on a page.
The Kmlexport can be used directly or through Google Maps; see for exampleColmar PocketorCategory:Capitals in Europe.Export from articles is real-time, export from categories is based on stored extractions (may be several weeks old).
KML may be converted in other formats, suitable asPoints of Interest(POI) forGPSsystems.
Other sources:
Coordinates search tool
[edit]tools:~dispenser/cgi-bin/geosearch.pyallows for regular expression searching on the GeoHack links in the external links table. This has the advantages of near real time information and powerful pattern matching. The following are some example queries created as a demonstration of the flexibility of the system.
Description | MySQL Regular expression query |
---|---|
Coordinates imported from the CSWiki | source:cswiki
|
Settlements whose populations are under 1,000 | type:city\([0-9]{0,3}\)
|
South of theAntarctic Circle(approximate) | =(66_[3-9]|66.[6-9]|6[7-9]|[7-9][0-9])[0-9_.]*_S_
|
Coordinates equivalent to0°N0°E/ 0°N 0°E | =[-_0.]+[NS][-_0.]+[EW]
|
Coordinates inSan Marino | region:SM
|
Coordinates onCallisto | globe:[Cc]allisto
|
To switch to other wikis, the site parameter can be added to the URL, e.g.
&site=commons
for Commons&site=pt
for Portuguese Wikipedia
Problem description | Python regular expression |
---|---|
Excess precision(6 or more decimal places) | [.][0-9]{6}
|
Excess precision(5 decimal places) | [.][0-9]{5}[^0-9]
|
Coordinates lacking metadata (no type or region) | _[WE]_+($|&title=|\{+[0-9]\}+)
|
Unexpected character in parameter name | params=[^&=]*?[^_a-z][a-z]*:
|
Unsupported parameter elevation: | params=[^&=]+?elevation:
|
Unsupported parameter other than elevation: | params=[^&=]+?([^emn]|cation|me|om):
|
Malformed region code | params=[^&=]+?region:([^A-Z]|[A-Z]([^A-Z]|[A-Z][^_&-]|[A-Z]-[^0-9A-Z]))
|
Unassigned top-level region code | region:(A[ABCHJKPVY]|B[CKPX]|C[BEJPQT]|D[^EJKMOZ]|E[ABDI-LUW]|F[A-HLNPQS-Z]|G[CJKOVXZ]|H[A-JLOPQSV-Z]|I[A-CF-KPU-Z]|J[^EMOP]|K[A-DFJ-LOQS-VX]|L[D-HJL-QWXZ]|M[BIJ]|N[BDHJKMNQSV-Y]|O[^M]|P[B-DIJOPQUVXZ]|Q[^A]|R[^EOSUW]|S[PQUW]|T[ABEIPQSUXY]|U[^AGMSYZ]|W[^FS]|X[^AINPSZ]|Y[^ET]|Z[^AMW])
|
Unexpected character in dim or scale or typesize | (dim:[0-9.]*([^0-9.k_&]|k[^m]))|(scale:[0-9]*[^0-9_&])|(city[(][0-9,]*[^0-9,)])
|
Incomplete parameter | params=[^&=]*?(dim|globe|region|scale|source|type):?(&|_|$)
|
Invalid type | type:(?!(adm(1st|2nd|3rd)|airport|city|country|edu|event|forest|glacier|isle|landmark|mountain|pass|railwaystation|river|satellite|waterbody)($|[&_()]))
|
City without type: | params=[^&=]*?[^:]city
|
College with type: other than edu | [Cc]ollege[&].*?type:(?!edu)
|
School with type: other than edu | [Ss]chool[&].*?type:(?!edu)
|
University with type: other than edu | [Uu]niversity[&].*?type:(?!edu)
|
United States broadcaster with type: other than landmark | [^(][KW][A-Z][A-Z][A-Z].*?params=.*?type:(?!landmark)
|
Station with type: other than railwaystation | ailway_[Ss]tation.*?type:(?!railwaystation)
|
Typesize provided for type other than city | type:(?!city)[^&=_]*[(]
|
Unusual URL formatting | geohack.php[?](?!pagename=)|&language=
|
Tallies |
WikiProject Geographical coordinates categories
[edit]World map displaying the concentration of wikipoints
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Imageworld-artphp3.png/590px-Imageworld-artphp3.png)
See also
[edit]- Articles of interest
- Coordinate system,a system that uses numbers to uniquely determine position
- Geoinformation,created by manipulating geographic (or spatial) data (generally known by the abbreviation geodata) in a computerized system
- Geocaching
- Geotagging,a process of adding geographical identification metadata to various media
- ISO 6709,standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point locations
- LOC record,a means for expressing geographic location information for a domain name
- Wikipedia project pages of interest
- Categorization of location,proposal to generate lists of articles about nearby locations from a given Wikipedia article
- Coordinate-referenced map templates,inactive guideline proposal for using coordinate-referenced map templates to generate maps in Wikipedia articles
- Geographic references,a list of sources used in the creation of encyclopedia articles on various geographic topics and locations
- Geonotice,location targeted messages using geocoordiates to announce upcoming Wikipedia meetups and local events
- How to add geocodes to articles,a short guide to how to add geographic coordinate tags to Wikipedia articles
- How to add geocodes to articles by User:EncMstr,EncMstr's guide on how to enter coordinate data using
{{coord}}
- MoS Geographical coordinates,Official style guideline on geographical coordinates
- Mobile access,How to use a mobile phone to search for geotagged Wikipedia articles near your current location
- Obtaining geographic coordinates,listing various ways on how to obtain geographic coordinates for use in an article.
- Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/WPPlaces,Version 1.0 Editorial Team contact results with WikiProject Geographical coordinates
- WikiProject Maps/Source materials,list of free maps for use in creating geographical maps for Wikipedia.
- Other
- Commons:Commons:Geocoding
- meta:Geographical data
- meta:WikiGPS
- meta:Wikipediatlas
- meta:WikiProjects Geographical coordinates
- Wikitech-l Extensions for handling geographical coordinates
- Templates
- Template:Coor Maidenhead(displays geographical coordinates asMaidenhead grid squares)
- Template:Canada NTS Grid(displays designator forNational Topographic Systemmap sheet containing specified geographical coordinates)
- Template:Sky(the same idea for astronomical objects)
- Wikimedia and OpenStreetMap
- Announcementhttp://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2009-April/042483.html
- Signpost/2009-04-06/Interactive maps,"a new initiative is underway to make OpenStreetMap available as interactive maps within Wikipedia"
- mw:Project:Developer meet-up 2009/Notes/Mapping
- m:OpenStreetMap,m:Talk:OpenStreetMap
- Maps-l:Archives,Current month
- Bots used in this project
- User:The Anomebot2geo tagging
- WikiProject Geographical coordinates in the News
- Signpost/2008-06-02,inMoS geographical coordinates,Thissection was restored with an edit summary to seeWP:GEO.
- Signpost/2009-09-14,"Another milestone was reached in the English Wikipedia, with more than 500,000 articles now providing geographic coordinates based on the{{coord}}template, according to thetemplate transclusion counter.WikiProject Geographical coordinates, however, knows of at least another 169,000 articles which ideally should have coordinates; these are listed in the category treeCategory:Articles missing geocoordinate data by country.SeeWikipedia:How to add geocodes to articlesfor more information. "
- Signpost/2010-03-22,New commercial Wikipedia iPhone app "Nearby" provides a map with links togeotaggedWikipedia articles in the vicinity.
- Signpost/2010-05-03,"The Wikimedia Foundation has updated the official" Wikipedia Mobile "iPhone app,first released in August 2009.New features include an improved layout, bookmarkable articles, and plotting geolocated articles near to the user's location on a map. The app is afree downloadfrom the App Store. "
- Signpost/2010-11-01,"One million geocoordinates: Last week, the number of geographical coordinates on the English Wikipediasurpassed one million,in around 620,000 articles. At the same time, around 180,000 articles weremarked as needing coordinates(which would correspond to a completion rate of 78% if no more geocodable articles were added). In September 2009, the milestone of half a million articles with geocoordinates had been reached (seeSignpostcoverage). In related news, links to display interactiveOpenStreetMapmaps within articles were recently enabled by default on the German and Norwegian (Bokmål/Rikmål) Wikipedias (to see an example, click "Karte" on the top right ofde:Berlin), the fruit of a collaboration that had been begun last year, supported by the German Wikimedia chapter (seeSignpostcoverage). "
References
[edit]External links
[edit]- 3.4.2 GEO type definition to specify information related to the global positioning of the object that avCardrepresents.RFC2426
- How latitude and longitude are stored in aDNSrecord.RFC1876
- Memo describing a method of adding simple geographic position information to HTTP transactions using extension headers.[2]
- Memo describing a method of registering HTML documents with a specific geographic location through means of embedded META tags.[3]
- Proposal to create a new IANATime Zonesregistration process as a central repository for time zone names.[4]
- WikiProject Geographical coordinates hot articles watchlist.[5][dead link]